Thermodynamic behavior of a one-dimensional Bose gas at low temperature

We show that the chemical potential of a one-dimensional (1D) interacting Bose gas exhibits a non-monotonic temperature dependence which is peculiar of superfluids. The effect is a direct consequence of the phononic nature of the excitation spectrum at large wavelengths exhibited by 1D Bose gases. For low temperatures $T$, we demonstrate that the coefficient in $T^2$ expansion of the chemical potential is entirely defined by the zero-temperature density dependence of the sound velocity. We calculate that coefficient along the crossover between the Bogoliubov weakly-interacting gas and the Tonks-Girardeau gas of impenetrable bosons. Analytic expansions are provided in the asymptotic regimes. The theoretical predictions along the crossover are confirmed by comparison with the exactly solvable Yang-Yang model in which the finite-temperature equation of state is obtained numerically by solving Bethe-{\it ansatz} equations. A 1D ring geometry is equivalent to imposing periodic boundary conditions and arising finite-size effects are studied in details. At $T=0$ we calculated various thermodynamic functions, including the inelastic structure factor, as a function of the number of atoms, pointing out the occurrence of important deviations from the thermodynamic limit.Comment: 14 pages, 16 figure

On the generality of the effect of experiencing prior gains and losses on the Iowa gambling task: A study on young and old adults

Prospect Theory predicts that people tend to be more risk seeking if their reference point is perceived as a loss and more risk averse when the reference point is perceived as a gain. In line with this prediction, Franken, Georgieva, Muris and Dijksterhuis (2006) showed that young adults who had a prior experience of monetary gains make more safe choices on subsequent decisions than subjects who had an early experience of losses. There are no experimental studies on how experiencing prior gains and losses differently influences young and older adults on a subsequent decision-making task (the Iowa Gambling Task). Hence, in the current paper, adapting the methodology employed by Franken et al.’s (2006), we intended to test the generality of their effect across the life span. Overall, we found that subjects who experienced prior monetary gains or prior monetary losses did not display significant differences in safe/risky choices on subsequent performance in the Iowa Gambling task. Furthermore, the impact of prior gains and losses on risky/safe card selection did not significantly differ between young and older adults. These results showed that the effect found in the Franken et al.’s study (2006) is limited in its generality

Deskripsi Industri Kopi Luwak di Wilayah Desa Way Mengaku

This study aims to examine the description of civet coffee industry in the region of the village of Balik Bukit District Way Mengaku West Lampung. The study used a descriptive method. Population of 13 civet coffee industry. Data collection observation, interview and documentation. Analysis of the percentage table data as a basis for the study description. The results showed (1) raw materials civet coffee entrepreneur average of 154 kg for every one-time production, (2) one-time capital production average of Rp 3,000,000 (3) the production process using a mortar and pestle. (4) the marketing of civet coffee production set up their own stalls, (5) transportation used is a motorcycle (6) personnel employed as many as 2 people (7) Fuel used to use fuels such as firewood.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tentang deskripsi industri kopi luwak di wilayah Desa Way Mengaku Kecamatan Balik Bukit Kabupaten Lampung Barat. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif. Populasi sebanyak 13 industri kopi luwak. Pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Analisis data tabel persentase sebagai dasar untuk penelitian deskripsi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) bahan baku pengusaha kopi luwak rata-rata 154 kg untuk setiap satu kali produksi,(2) modal satu kali produksi rata-rata Rp 3.000.000 (3) proses produksi menggunakan alat lumpang dan alu. (4) pemasaran hasil produksi kopi luwak mendirikan kios sendiri, (5) Transportasi yang digunakan adalah sepeda motor (6) Tenga kerja yang dipekerjakan sebanyak 2 orang (7) Bahan bakar yang digunakan menggunakan bahan bakar berupa kayu baka

Penerapan Teknik Blind Source Separation Untuk Memisahkan Noise Dari Sinyal Akustik Yang Non Gaussian

Pada sistem komunikasi bawah air, seringkali sinyal yang diterima oleh sensor berasal dari hasil pencampuran sumber sinyal dengan sinyal-sinyal akustik lain di lingkungan bawah air. Hal ini menjadikan sinyal yang didapatkan menjadi tidak sesuai dengan yang diinginkan. Teknik Blind Source Separation (BSS) dipakai di sini untuk memisahkan sinyal-sinyal yang bercampur tersebut. Dalam tugas akhir ini, dilakukan pemisahan sinyal akustik dengan menggunakan Natural Gradient ICA berdasarkan Generalized Gaussian Model yang didapat dari karakteristik distribusi sumber sinyal akustik non-gaussian yakni ship radiated noise dan sea ambient noise. Pemisahan sinyal akustik dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali yakni dengan simulasi, toolbox ICALABS V3, dan menggunakan pemisahan sinyal akustik dari data riil pengukuran. Dari hasil simulasi menunjukkan pemisahan dengan algoritma Natural Gradien ICA berdasarkan Generalized Gaussian Model berjalan dengan baik. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan nilai SIR shrimp.wav = 48.9946 dB dan ferry.wav = 46.9309. dB. Sedangkan rata-rata MSE shrimp.wav = 1.2605 x 10-5 dan ferry.wav = 2.0272 x 10 -5

The Stability of C6H6+2: The Implication for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Dications

The fragmentation pathways of C6H are studied using density functional theory. All of the transition states that were found, excluding the rearrangement to the C5v structure, are significantly above the six-membered ring structure. This is consistent with the soft ionization experiments that find mostly dication production instead of fragmentation. Since the C5v structure is probably of limited importance for multiple-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, the computed barriers suggest that Coulomb explosion is not a significant channel under most astrophysical conditions, and therefore, the dications are long-lived and should be considered in modeling of the interstellar medium

A Framework for Establishing Restoration Goals for Contaminated Ecosystems

This article represents 1 of 6 articles in the special series “Restoration of Impaired Ecosystems: An Ounce of Prevention or a Pound of Cure?” The articles result from a Technical Workshop organized by SETAC and the Society for Ecological Restoration, held June 2014 in Jackson, Wyoming, that focused on advancing the practice of restoring ecosystems that have been contaminated or impaired from industrial activities.As natural resources become increasingly limited, the value of restoring contaminated sites, both terrestrial and aquatic, becomes increasingly apparent. Traditionally, goals for remediation have been set before any consideration of goals for ecological restoration. The goals for remediation have focused on removing or limiting contamination whereas restoration goals have targeted the ultimate end use. Here, we present a framework for developing a comprehensive set of achievable goals for ecological restoration of contaminated sites to be used in concert with determining goals for remediation. This framework was developed during a Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) and Society of Ecological Restoration (SER) cosponsored workshop that brought together experts from multiple countries. Although most members were from North America, this framework is designed for use internationally. We discuss the integration of establishing goals for both contaminant remediation and overall restoration, and the need to include both the restoration of ecological and socio-cultural-economic value in the context of contaminated sites. Although recognizing that in some countries there may be regulatory issues associated with contaminants and clean up, landscape setting and social drivers can inform the restoration goals. We provide a decision tree support tool to guide the establishment of restoration goals for contaminated ecosystems. The overall intent of this decision tree is to provide a framework for goal setting and to identify outcomes achievable given the contamination present at a site. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2016;12:264–272. 2015 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC

Towards More Realistic Estimates of DOM Decay in Streams: Incubation Methods, Light, and Non-Additive Effects

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is the largest pool of organic matter in aquatic ecosystems and is a primary substrate for microbial respiration in streams. However, understanding the controls on DOM processing by microbes remains limited, and DOM decay rates remain largely unconstrained. Many DOM decay rates are quantified with bioassays in dark bottles, which may underestimate DOM decay in streams because these bioassays do not include a benthic zone and do not account for abiotic factors of DOM loss, such as photodegradation and volatilization. We measured decay of labile and semi-labile DOM over 3 d in experimental streams and bottle bioassays. Incubations included 3 types of labile DOM (algal, light-degraded soil, and light-degraded plant leachates) and 2 types of semi-labile DOM (plant and soil leachates). We also quantified decay rates when labile and semi-labile DOM were mixed to test for non-additive effects, or priming, of semi-labile DOM by labile DOM. We converted dissolved organic carbon (DOC) decay rates to half-lives and uptake velocities and compared these metrics to previous studies that quantified DOC loss in bioassays or real streams. Percent DOC lost over time, or biodegradable DOC, was greater in experimental streams than in bioassays. DOC decay rates and uptake velocities did not differ between bioassays and experimental streams but were lower than in real streams. Mixing of labile and semi-labile DOM resulted in both positive and negative non-additive effects. Consistent non-additive effects were difficult to quantify because decay rates were not constant over the course of each incubation, as shown by faster decay rates calculated over the first 6 h of incubation compared to \u3e70 h. Decay rates of leachates from natural substrates (e.g., algae and soil) incubated over short periods of time (hours–days) are needed for models that aim to quantify organic matter transformation in aquatic ecosystems with short residence times, such as rivers and streams

PENGARUH KUALITAS PRODUK, PERSEPSI HARGA DAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN PADA TOKO ONLINE TERHADAP MINAT BELI KONSUMEN PRODUK SKIN CARE JAFRA LAMONGAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah kualitas produk, persepsi harga dan kualitas pelayanan pada toko Online berpengaruh terhadap minat beli konsumen Skin Care JAFRA Lamongan baik secara simultan maupun parsial, serta mengetahui variabel yang paling berpengaruh secara dominan.Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan teknik Probability Sampling (Random Sample). Hasil uji t diperoleh nilai thitung X1 (2.159) > ttabel (0.679), nilai thitung X2 (3.268) > ttabel (0.679), dan nilai thitung X3 (2.443) > ttabel (0.679). Sedangkan hasil dari uji F diperoleh nilai Fhitung (1.588) < Ftabel (2,81)