Narrativas y prácticas dialógicas de los docentes que posibilitan que el estudiante aparezca como otro legítimo en la convivencia

The purpose of this article is to evidence the documentary review carried out around the narratives and dialogic practices of teachers that make it possible for the student to appear as a legitimate other in coexistence. The importance of the subject in the educational field comes from its philosophical link based on one's own perspective, by that of the "other", leaving without effect the particular "I". A qualitative type of research was carried out, with a documentary design supported by a systematic review. Thirty research studies were selected (from databases such as Google Scholar, Dialnet, Scopus, Latindex and University Repositories). For the systematization of the information, a matrix was created where the documents were registered according to their characteristics. From the selected categories, four axes emerged, which are presented structured in trends that emerged from the review, referring to the conception of narrative and dialogic practice, the relationship between philosophy and education, public policies and diversity in the school environment and the normative route of inclusion. The findings reveal the need to generate inclusive and innovative learning environments that eliminate learning barriers and achieve more opportunities for equality for all from the classroom with teachers and students.El presente artículo tiene como propósito evidenciar la revisión documental realizada alrededor de las narrativas y prácticas dialógicas de los docentes que posibilitan que el estudiante aparezca como otro un legítimo en la convivencia. La importancia del tema en el campo educativo parte de su vinculación filosófica basado en la propia perspectiva, por la del “otro”, dejando sin efecto el “yo” particular. Se realizó una investigación de tipo cualitativo, con diseño documental apoyado en la revisión sistemática. Se seleccionaron 30 investigaciones (provenientes de bases de datos como Google académico, Dialnet, Scopus, Latindex y Repositorios de Universidades). Para la sistematización de la información se creó una matriz donde se realizó el registro de los documentos según sus características. Desde las categorías seleccionadas emergieron cuatro ejes que se presentan estructurados en tendencias que surgieron de la revisión referidos a concepción de narrativa y práctica dialógica, relación filosofía y educación, políticas públicas y diversidad en el ámbito escolar y la ruta normativa de la inclusión. Los hallazgos dejan ver la necesidad de generar ambientes de aprendizaje incluyentes e innovadores, que eliminen las barreras de aprendizaje y logren más oportunidades de igualdad para todos desde el aula con maestros y estudiantes

Weak and Compact Radio Emission in Early High-Mass Star Forming Regions: II. The Nature of the Radio Sources

In this study we analyze 70 radio continuum sources associated with dust clumps and considered to be candidates for the earliest stages of high-mass star formation. The detection of these sources was reported by Rosero et al. (2016), who found most of them to show weak (${\scriptstyle <}$1 mJy) and compact (${\scriptstyle <}\,$0.6$^{\prime \prime}$) radio emission. Herein, we used the observed parameters of these sources to investigate the origin of the radio continuum emission. We found that at least $\sim 30\%$ of these radio detections are most likely ionized jets associated with high-mass protostars, but for the most compact sources we cannot discard the scenario that they represent pressure-confined HII regions. This result is highly relevant for recent theoretical models based on core accretion that predict the first stages of ionization from high-mass stars to be in the form of jets. Additionally, we found that properties such as the radio luminosity as a function of the bolometric luminosity of ionized jets from low and high-mass stars are extremely well-correlated. Our data improve upon previous studies by providing further evidence of a common origin for jets independently of luminosity.Comment: Accepted for publication in the Ap

Weak and Compact Radio Emission in Early High-Mass Star Forming Regions: I. VLA Observations

We present a high sensitivity radio continuum survey at 6 and 1.3$\,$cm using the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array towards a sample of 58 high-mass star forming regions. Our sample was chosen from dust clumps within infrared dark clouds with and without IR sources (CMC-IRs, CMCs, respectively), and hot molecular cores (HMCs), with no previous, or relatively weak radio continuum detection at the $1\,$mJy level. Due to the improvement in the continuum sensitivity of the VLA, this survey achieved map rms levels of $\sim$ 3-10 $\mu$Jy beam$^{-1}$ at sub-arcsecond angular resolution. We extracted 70 centimeter continuum sources associated with 1.2$\,$mm dust clumps. Most sources are weak, compact, and are prime candidates for high-mass protostars. Detection rates of radio sources associated with the mm dust clumps for CMCs, CMC-IRs and HMCs are 6$\%$, 53$\%$ and 100$\%$, respectively. This result is consistent with increasing high-mass star formation activity from CMCs to HMCs. The radio sources located within HMCs and CMC-IRs occur close to the dust clump centers with a median offset from it of 12,000$\,$AU and 4,000$\,$AU, respectively. We calculated 5 - 25$\,$GHz spectral indices using power law fits and obtain a median value of 0.5 (i.e., flux increasing with frequency), suggestive of thermal emission from ionized jets. In this paper we describe the sample, observations, and detections. The analysis and discussion will be presented in Paper II.Comment: Accepted for publication in the ApJ

Current Trends of Teaching Computer Programming in Undergraduate CS Programs: A Survey from Ecuadorian Universities

Abstract. Computer programming has become a relevant element of the modern era. Practically it is involved in all sectors of modern society. Currently, many universities around the globe offer bachelor’s degree programs that contain computer programming related courses. In order to gain insight into how computer programming is taught in Ecuadorian Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), we have conducted the first national survey on teaching computer programming in undergraduate CS programs. In this survey participated 53 respondents from 13 Ecuadorian HEIs. We report on programming paradigms, programming languages, integrated development environments and teaching strategies used in the programming learning process. We found that the object-oriented paradigm along with the Java programming language are the most often used. The NetBeans integrated development environment is the most commonly used among the respondents. Concerning teaching strategies, e-learning platforms are commonly used as part of computer programming courses. More than half of the respondents use collaborative strategies such as pair programming in their courses. Finally, a half of the respondents use traditional computer labs for teaching programming; however, other approaches such as mobile devices, games and simulations, Arduino kits and robots start to be used as a teaching strategy. Our findings can serve as a starting point for addressing reforms in computer programming courses taught in Ecuadorian CS undergraduate programs

Estimación de la diversidad genética de Anadara tuberculosa en cinco manglares de Tumaco, utilizando la enzima citocromo oxidasa I

ABSTRACTObjective. To estimate the genetic diversity of the Anadara tuberculosa en five mangrove swams of Tumaco, Nariño, Colombia using as a mitocondrial molecular marker the cytochromo oxidase sub-unit I (COI). Materials and methods. A total of 50 individuals were collected from the San Jorge, La Tiburonera, El Pajal, La Playa y Bajito Vaquería mangrove swamps, randomly selecting 10 specimens of each zone. The tissue sample was worked with absolute alcohol at ambient temperature in microtubes. DNA was extracted, and the mitocondrial DNA was amplified using the PCR technique (polymerase chain reaction). The amplified and quantified products of PCR were sequenced on both sides (Macrogen). Each one of the obtained sequences was edited and aligned. Later, the parameters of genetic diversity (haplotypical and nucleotidical) were measured, and the analysis of distribution between frequency pairs (Mistmach distribution) was elaborated. Finally, the analysis of nucleotidic variation and population structure (AMOVA) was completed. Results. The amplified product gene weighed 710 bp. The haplotypical diversity reported for all the populations was high (0.683±0.060) and the reported nucleotídical diversity was low for all the populations (0.040±0.020). The AMOVA results indicate that the variance amongst populations is low (4.20%) and that the variance within populations is high (95.80%). Conclusions. The studied populations are not structured and although there is a decrease of natural banks, the genetic diversity is high.RESUMENObjetivo. Estimar la diversidad genética de Anadara tuberculosa en cinco manglares de Tumaco Nariño, Colombia utilizando como marcador molecular mitocondrial la subunidad I de la citocromo oxidasa (COI). Materiales y métodos. Se colectaron en total 50 individuos de los manglares San Jorge, La Tiburonera, El Pajal, La Playa y Bajito Vaquería, tomando 10 ejemplares al azar de cada  extrajo y amplificó el ADN mitocondrial mediante la técnica de PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). Los productos de PCR amplificados y cuantificados se secuenciaron por ambos lados (Macrogen). Una vez se obtuvo las secuencias, se editó y alineo cada secuencia. Posteriormente, se midió los parámetros de diversidad genética (haplotípica y nucleotídica) y se elaboró el análisis de distribución entre pares de frecuencias (Mistmach distribution). Finalmente se efectuó el análisis de variación nucleotídica y la estructura poblacional (AMOVA). Resultados. El gen amplificado tuvo una longitud de 710 pb. La diversidad haplotípica reportada para todas las poblaciones fue alta (0.683±0.060) y la diversidad nucleotídica reportada fue baja para todas las poblaciones (0.040±0.020). Los resultados del AMOVA indican que la varianza entre poblaciones es baja (4.20%) y la varianza dentro de las poblaciones es alta (95.80%). Conclusiones. Las poblaciones estudiadas no se encuentran estructuradas y a pesar de la disminución de los bancos naturales de las poblaciones de Anadara tuberculosa, se estima que la diversidad genética es alta

High Resolution, Wide Field, Narrow Band, Snapshot Imaging

We investigate the imaging performance of an interferometric array in the case of wide field, high resolution, narrow band, snapshot imaging. We find that, when uv-cell sizes are sufficiently small (ie. image sizes are sufficiently large), each instantaneous visibility record is gridded into its own uv-cell. This holds even for dense arrays, like the core of the next generation VLA. In this particular, application, Uniform weighting of the gridded visibilities approaches Natural weighting, with its often deleterious consequences on the resulting synthesized beam. For a core-dominated array, we show that the resulting image noise is highly correlated on scales comparable to the spatial frequencies of the core baselines. In general, this study accentuates the fact that, for imaging applications that require high resolution (Plains array and greater), many of the core antennas can be employed as a separate subarray for low resolution science, without sacrificing the quality of the high resolution science.Comment: 18 pages; Next Generation VLA Memo No. 78; https://ngvla.nrao.edu/page/memos#gen-mem

High Resolution, Wide Field, Narrow Band, Snapshot Imaging

We investigate the imaging performance of an interferometric array in the case of wide field, high resolution, narrow band, snapshot imaging. We find that, when uv-cell sizes are sufficiently small (ie. image sizes are sufficiently large), each instantaneous visibility record is gridded into its own uv-cell. This holds even for dense arrays, like the core of the next generation VLA. In this particular, application, Uniform weighting of the gridded visibilities approaches Natural weighting, with its often deleterious consequences on the resulting synthesized beam. For a core-dominated array, we show that the resulting image noise is highly correlated on scales comparable to the spatial frequencies of the core baselines. In general, this study accentuates the fact that, for imaging applications that require high resolution (Plains array and greater), many of the core antennas can be employed as a separate subarray for low resolution science, without sacrificing the quality of the high resolution science

Improving Land-Surface Model Hydrology: Is an Explicit Aquifer Model Better than a Deeper Soil Profile?

Land surface models (LSMs) are computer programs, similar to weather and climate prediction models, which simulate the storage and movement of water (including soil moisture, snow, evaporation, and runoff) after it falls to the ground as precipitation. It is not currently possible to measure all of the variables of interest everywhere on Earth with sufficient accuracy. Hence LSMs have been developed to integrate the available information, including satellite observations, using powerful computers, in order to track water storage and redistribution. The maps are used to improve weather forecasts, support water resources and agricultural applications, and study the Earth's water cycle and climate variability. Recently, the models have begun to simulate groundwater storage. In this paper, we compare several possible approaches, and examine the pitfalls associated with trying to estimate aquifer parameters (such as porosity) that are required by the models. We find that explicit representation of groundwater, as opposed to the addition of deeper soil layers, considerably decreases the sensitivity of modeled terrestrial water storage to aquifer parameter choices. We also show that approximate knowledge of parameter values is not sufficient to guarantee realistic model performance: because interaction among parameters is significant, they must be prescribed as a harmonious set