Revisión meta-analítica de la literatura como guía para la investigación

Los investigadores tienen acceso cada vez a mayores fuentes bibliográficas. Estas nuevas oportunidades deben ser aprovechadas con una adecuada metodología. Una solución adecuada en el ámbito de la Administración de Empresas y el Marketing es la revisión meta-analítica de la literatura. Esta técnica permite comprobar si un determinado hecho ha sido suficientemente contrastado, al tiempo que sirve como una estupenda guía en el desarrollo de la investigación. A lo largo del presente trabajo se incluye un resumen de una aplicación a modo de ejemplo.Nowadays the researchers have access to bigger bibliographical sources. These new opportunities must be been useful with a suitable methodology. A solution adapted in the areas of the Management and Marketing is the analytical review of the literature. This tool allows verifying if a hypothesis has been sufficiently tested, at the time that it serves as an excellent guide in the development of a research. An example is included in the present paper

Authority, leadership and peaceful-coexistence in classrooms

Se aborda el conflicto escolar integrando investigaciones sobre el liderazgo, la autoridad del profesor y estilo disciplinario. Pretende relacionar el liderazgo y la convivencia. Señalar cualidades del docente para un buen liderazgo, preguntando sobre la obediencia a los maestros. La metodología es analítico-empírica (medias, correlaciones), sintetizando datos con recurso fenomenológico respecto a la globalidad de la educación. Resultan cuatro grupos de rasgos de autoridad-liderazgo. Autoridad y liderazgo son claves para desarrollar los proyectos educativos y generar un buen clima-cohesión escolar, saber la materia que se enseña, disponer de competencias y técnicas y tener madurez.O conflito escolar é abordado pela integração de pesquisas sobre liderança, autoridade docente e estilo disciplinar. O objetivo é relacionar liderança e coexistência. Apontar as qualidades do professor para uma boa liderança, perguntando sobre a obediência aos professores. A metodologia é analítico-empírica (significado das correlações), sintetizando dados com recurso fenomenológico em relação à globalidade da educação. Existem quatro grupos de traços de liderança de autoridade. Autoridade e liderança são fundamentais para desenvolver projetos educacionais e gerar uma boa coesão clima-escola, conhecer o assunto ensinado, ter habilidades e técnicas e ter maturidade.School conflict is addressed by integrating research on leadership, teacher authority and disciplinary style. It aims to relate leadership and coexistence. Indicating qualities of the teacher for good leadership, asking about obedience to teachers. The methodology is analytic-empirical (means, correlations), synthesizing data with phenomenological resource regarding the globality of education. There are four groups of authority-leadership traits, recognized by students and generators of coexistence in the classroom. Authority and leadership are key to develop educational projects and generate a good climate-school cohesion, know the subject being taught, have skills and techniques and have maturity

Colonisatoin of Pinus halepensis roots by Pseudomonas fluorescens and interaction with the ectomycorrhizal fungus Suillus granulatus

8 pages, figures, and tables statistics.Colonisation of Pinus halepensis roots by GFP-tagged Pseudomonas fluorescens Aur6 was monitored by epifluorescence microscopy and dilution plating. Aur6-GFP was able to colonise and proliferate on P. halepensis roots. Co-inoculation with the ectomycorrhizal fungus Suillus granulatus did not affect the bacterial colonisation pattern whereas it had an effect on bacterial density. Bacterial counts increased during the first 20 days of seedling growth, irrespective of seedlings being mycorrhizal or not. After 40 days, bacterial density significantly decreased and bacteria concentrated on the upper two-thirds of the pine root. The presence of S. granulatus significantly stimulated survival of bacteria in the root elongation zone where fungal colonisation was higher. The number of mycorrhizas formed by S. granulatus was not affected by co-inoculation with Aur6-GFP. Neither Aur6-GFP nor S. granulatus stimulated P. halepensis development when inoculated alone, but a synergistic effect was observed on seedling growth when bacteria and fungus were co-inoculated.Peer reviewe

Risk Factors for Relapse in People with Severe Mental Disorders during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multicenter Retrospective Study

Background: Evidence suggests that different variables associated with the COVID-19 pandemic may increase the risk of relapse in people with Severe Mental Disorders (SMDs). However, no studies have yet looked closely at the different risk factors involved to determine their influence on the worsening of these patients’ illnesses. Objective: To analyze which variables related to the COVID-19 pandemic have increased the risk of relapse in patients with SMDs. Method: A multicenter retrospective cohort study in which data were collected from 270 patients with mental disorders who had been under follow-up in day hospitals during the year 2020. Results: The proportion of full mental health inpatient admissions was significantly higher in those who lost their employment (40.7% vs. 18.1%; p = 0.01), in those who were not receiving psychotherapy interventions (33.9% vs. 16.6%; p = 0.006), and in those who were not receiving occupational therapy (25.7% vs. 13.6%: p = 0.013). Significant associations were detected between urgent mental health consultations, the number of COVID-19 symptoms (B = 0.274; p = 0.02), and the low-income group (1.2424 vs. 0.4583; p = 0.018). Conclusions: COVID-19 symptoms and certain consequences of the pandemic, such as loss of employment, economic hardship, and loss of interventions, have brought about clinical worsening in people with SMDs. Knowledge of these factors is important for health-related decision-making in future outbreaks or pandemics

Acetaminofen vs ibuprofen for the pain from episiotomy in the 42 hours of postpartum care

Objetivo: Evaluación de la eficacia analgésica para el dolor de la episiotomía entre el paracetamol y el Ibuprofeno, en las primeras 42 horas postparto. Método: Estudio cuasi-experimental (prospectivo y simple ciego) en mujeres que dieron a luz en el HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARIO CENTRAL DE ASTURIAS (OVIEDO), excluyendo alérgicas, patologías asociadas ó aquellas que el idioma impidiese un correcto entendimiento. Dos grupos: 1) Paracetamol 1 gr; 2) Ibuprofeno 600 mg. Tamaño de muestra: 110 por grupo para alcanzar mínimo de 80. Variable principal: grado de dolor según puntuación de escala (0 a 3). Otras variables: edad de paciente, semanas de gestación, peso neonatal, paridad, inicio del parto, anestesia epidural, tipo de parto, desgarro, inflamación y enrojecimiento, hematoma, hemorroides, necesidad de sondaje evacuador, aplicación de hielo y solicitud de analgesia. Tamaño final de la muestra: 88 grupo paracetamol y 97 grupo ibuprofeno. La escala de dolor se midió a las 2 horas postparto (previo al tratamiento) y, posteriormente, cada 8 hasta 42 horas. Se realizó análisis descriptivo y comparación entre grupos. Resultados: No encontramos diferencias significativas en la escala de dolor entre ambos fármacos, ni en los subgrupos analizados, salvo en el subgrupo de partos eutócicos, donde el ibuprofeno fue superior al paracetamol. En el global de la serie, el grupo de paracetamol solicitó hielo y otra medicación con mayor frecuencia que el grupo de ibuprofeno. Conclusiones: El ibuprofeno 600 mg y el paracetamol de 1 gr obtienen una respuesta similar en las primeras 42 horas postparto, si bien el ibuprofeno parece tener algunas ventajas adicionales.Objective: Assessment of the analgesic effectiveness of acetaminofen and ibuprofen in cases of epsiotomy, within the first 42 hours pospartum. Methods: Quasi-experimental research (prospective,singel-blind trial) on women who gave birth at the HUCA (Oviedo), excluding those who suffered from allergies or associated pathologies and the ones whose language skills in Spanish led to misunderstanding. Two groups: 1) Acetaminofen 1 gr; 2) Ibuprofen 600mg. Sample size: 110 per group to amount to a minimum of 80. Main variable: The degree of pain, which was marked on a rating scale (0 to 3). Other variables: The age of the patient, gestational age, neonatal weight, parity, onset of labour, epidural anesthesia, type of delivery, inflammation and reddening, tears, hematoma or hemorrhoids, need for catheter evacuation, application of ice and request for analgesia. Final sample size: 88 group acetaminofen and 97 group ibuprofen. Pain levels were measured through the scale 2 hours after delivery (previous to the treatment), afterwards, every 8 within the first 42 hours postpartum. A descriptive research was carried out and there was a comparison drawn between both groups. Results: The pain scale did not reveal any significant difference between both drugs. The result was the same in the analized subgroups; except for that of eutocic deliveries, where ibuprofen was superior to acetaminofen. The overall series results show that the request for ice and additional medication was more frequent among group acetaminofen. Conclusions: Ibuprofen 600 mg and acetaminofen 1gr get a similar response within the first 42 hours after delivery, even though ibuprofen seems to have some extra advantages

Phorbol Diesters and 12-Deoxy-16-hydroxyphorbol 13,16-Diesters Induce TGFα Release and Adult Mouse Neurogenesis

A small library of phorbol 12,13-diesters bearing low lipophilicity ester chains was prepared as potential neurogenic agents in the adult brain. They were also used in a targeted UHPLC–HRMS screening of the latex of Euphorbia resinifera. Two new 12-deoxy-16-hydroxyphorbol 13,16-diesters were isolated, and their structures were deduced using two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy and NOE experiments. The ability of natural and synthetic compounds to stimulate transforming growth factor alpha (TFGα) release, to increase neural progenitor cell proliferation, and to stimulate neurogenesis was evaluated. All compounds that facilitated TGFα release promoted neural progenitor cell proliferation. The presence of two acyloxy moieties on the tigliane skeleton led to higher levels of activity, which decreased when a free hydroxyl group was at C-12. Remarkably, the compound bearing isobutyryloxy groups was the most potent on the TGFα assay and at inducing neural progenitor cell proliferation in vitro, also leading to enhanced neurogenesis in vivo when administered intranasally to mice.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades de España y fondos FEDER. RTI2018–099908-B-C21 y RTI2018–099908-B-C2

Axially Chiral Triazoloisoquinolin-3-ylidene Ligands in Gold(I)-Catalyzed Asymmetric Intermolecular (4 + 2) Cycloadditions of Allenamides and Dienes

The first highly enantioselective intermolecular (4 + 2) cycloaddition between allenes and dienes is reported. The reaction provides good yields of optically active cyclohexenes featuring diverse substitution patterns and up to three stereocenters. Key to the success of the process is the use of newly designed axially chiral N-heterocyclic carbene–gold catalystsThis work was supported by the Spanish MINECO (SAF2010-20822-C02, CTQ2010-15297, CTQ2010-14974, and Consolider Ingenio 2010 CSD2007-00006), the ERDF funds, the Xunta de Galicia (INCITE09209084PR, GRC2010/12), and the Junta de Andalucía (2008/FQM-3833 and 2009/FQM-4537, predoctoral fellowship to F.G.-C). H.F. acknowledges the Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal) and POPH/FSE for a Ph.D. grant (Grant SFRH/BD/60214/2009)S

Gold(I)-Catalyzed Enantioselective [2+2+2] Cycloadditions: An Expedient Entry to Enantioenriched Tetrahydropyran Scaffolds

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Iván Varela, Hélio Faustino, Elena Díez, Javier Iglesias-Sigüenza, Francisca Grande-Carmona, Rosario Fernández, José M. Lassaletta, José L. Mascareñas* and Fernando López*, Gold (I)-Catalyzed Enantioselective [2+2+2] Cycloadditions: An Expedient Entry to Enantioenriched Tetrahydropyran Scaffolds. ACS Catal. 2017, 7, 2397-2402 [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b03651]. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with American Chemical Society Terms and Conditions for self-archivingA straightforward and atom-economical enantioselective approach to highly substituted tetrahydropyrans is reported. The process, which consists of an intermolecular gold-catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition between allenamides, alkenes, and aldehydes, is efficiently catalyzed by both phosphoramidite- and chiral N-heterocyclic carbene-gold catalysts, occurs with complete chemoselectivity and regioselectivity, moderate diastereoselectivity, and moderate to very good enantioselectivitiesThis work was supported by the Spanish MINECO (grant:SAF2013-41943-R, CTQ2013-48164-C2-1-P and -2-P), the Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria (GRC2013-041, 2015-CP082 and Centro Singular de Investigación de Galicia accreditation 2016-2019, ED431G/09) the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), the European Research Council (Adv. Grant No. 340055), and the Junta de Andalucía (Grant 2012/FQM 1078). We also thank the Orfeo-Cinqa networkS

A case report of fatal feline babesiosis caused by Babesia canis in north western Spain

In Europe, Babesia infections in cats are sporadic and only partial knowledge is currently available since the number of described cases including both the clinical presentation and the molecular identification of the Babesia species involved is limited. In the present case report, the clinical signs, the epidemiological data and the molecular results suggest that this is the first reported fatal case of feline babesiosis caused by Babesia canisThis research was funded by the Program for consolidating and structuring competitive research groups (ED431C 2019/04, Xunta de Galicia, Spain). The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscriptS