Influencia de los organizadores visuales en la capacidad de comprensión lectora de los estudiantes del 4º grado de primaria en la Institución Educativa N° 7075 Juan Pablo II” , Chorrillos

El propósito principal de esta investigación es determinar en qué medida los organizadores visuales influyen en la Capacidad de Comprensión Lectora en los estudiantes del 4º Grado de Primaria en la I.E. No 7075 “Juan Pablo II - Chorrillos, se planteó como hipótesis: Existe influencia significativa de los organizadores visuales en la Capacidad de Comprensión Lectora en los estudiantes del 4º Grado de Primaria en la I.E. No 7075 “Juan Pablo II - Chorrillos. La metodología es de tipo experimental, con diseño cuasiexperimental. La muestra fue compuesta por 60 estudiantes, a quienes se les evaluó mediante la prueba de comprensión lectora ACL de Catalá, Catalá, Molina y Monclús (2008). Se tabularon los datos y con el Software SPSS v.21. Los resultados indican, con un nivel de confianza del 95%, que: Existe influencia significativa de los organizadores visuales en la Capacidad de Comprensión Lectora en los estudiantes del 4º Grado de Primaria en la I.E. No 7075 “Juan Pablo II – Chorrillos (p < 0,05) además en el pretest el grupo experimental el 73% presentan un nivel muy bajo, resultados similares tiene el grupo de control el 53,3% presentan un nivel muy bajo, mientras que en el postest el grupo experimental el 50% presentan un nivel dentro de la normalidad, y el grupo de control el 26,7% presentan un nivel bajo, siendo diferentes a favor del grupo experimental. En cuanto al promedio en el postest el Grupo experimental = 15,27 y el Grupo de control = 11,20.Universidad Nacional de Educación Enrique Guzmán y Valle.Tesi

Elementos determinantes del compromiso organizacional en un hospital universitario de tercer nivel de atención (Determinants of organizational commitment in a third level university hospital)

Esta investigación busca identificar los elementos que logran tener influencia en el compromiso organizacional entre el personal profesional sanitario de un hospital universitario de tercer nivel de atención. El personal profesional sanitario juega un papel importante en el ámbito hospitalario y forma parte esencial de los resultados de la organización, así como del servicio que se brinda. Los antecedentes muestran cómo se han visto relacionados algunos elementos, como actitudes y percepciones individuales, con el compromiso organizacional en distintos contextos. Los resultados obtenidos en este trabajo dan soporte a las hipótesis planteadas, correspondientes a las relaciones positivas entre las actitudes y percepciones individuales con el compromiso organizacional del personal profesional sanitario en un hospital universitario de tercer nivel de atenció

Heart Rate Variability and Exceptional Longevity

Centenarians are the paradigm of human extreme longevity and healthy aging, because they have postponed, if not avoided, mayor age-related diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate potential differences in resting heart rate variability (HRV) between young adults, octogenarians, and centenarians and assess whether HRV variables are predictors of all-cause mortality in centenarians. To this end, three groups of participants: young adults (N = 20; 20.6 ± 2.3 years), octogenarians (N = 18; 84.1 ± 2.6 years), and centenarians (N = 17; 101.9 ± 1.9 years) were monitored for 15 min at rest (seated, without moving or talking) to measure RR intervals, from which HRV was evaluated. Our results showed a clear decrease with age in the main parasympathetic HRV variables, as well as in the standard deviation (SD) of the RR series [SD of normal-to-normal interval (SDNN)] and in low frequency (LF) heart rate (HR) oscillations, although differences between octogenarians and centenarians did not reach statistical significance. In 14 centenarians followed until death, only SDNN showed significant correlation (¿ = 0.536; p = 0.048) with survival prognosis. Additionally, SDNN <19 ms was associated with early mortality (=1 year) in centenarians (Hazard Ratio = 5.72). In conclusion, HRV indices reflecting parasympathetic outflow as well as SDNN and LF all present an age-related reduction, which could be representative of a natural exhaustion of allostatic systems related to age. Moreover, low SDNN values (<19 ms) could be associated with early mortality in centenarians. HRV seems to play a role in exceptional longevity, which could be accounted for by centenarians’ exposome

The Inter-generational costs of flexicurity, labour market transitions of young workers in nordic and southern european countries

The economic crisis has revived the interest on the increasingly vulnerable position of youth in the labour market. In this paper we analyze flexicurity policies in the Nordic and in Southern European countries in the period previous to the crisis and explore whether they contribute to explain this trend and differences across countries. First of all, it is argued how the disadvantaged position of this group in the labour market has long-running causes and is not just the consequence of deterioration in labour market conditions as a result of the crisis. Labour market policies under the flexicurity umbrella haven't been able to mitigate the increasing dualization of many EU labour markets. This also applies to young workers that are more exposed to the flexibility envisaged under this paradigm and in many countries less protected by the compensating security measures. However, the analysis shows how the crisis is widening the gap between countries in the degree and form of uncertainty facing young workers. Those in countries with labour market policies closer to the flexicurity paradigm perform better before and after the crisis compared to countries with institutional configurations far from the flexicurity ideal-type. It is finally argued how record youth unemployment jeopardises the sustainability of welfare state arrangements across European Social models and poses serious challenges to social cohesion

Influencia de la cobertura, pendiente y profundidad, sobre el carbono y nitrógeno del suelo

El estudio conjunto del carbono orgánico del suelo (COS) y el nitrógeno total del suelo (Nt) es importante debido a que sus ciclos interaccionan, además de que son considerados parámetros de fertilidad, calidad e impacto. Sus contenidos en el suelo inciden en la productividad de los bosques y tienen relación con la mitigación del cambio climático cuando el suelo se conserva. Se realizó un muestreo de suelos en la Estación Forestal Experimental de Zoquiapan, con el objetivo de obtener y analizar el contenido de COS y Nt del suelo a las profundidades de 0 a 10, 10 a 20 y 20 a 30 cm, con tres grados de pendiente donde se desarrollan bosques de oyamel, pino y pino-aile. Los mayores almacenes de COS y Nt se ubicaron en los primeros 10 cm. El suelo con la cobertura de oyamel, pendiente mayor y profundidad menor presentó el mayor contenido de COS y Nt (132.20 y 14.19 Mg ha-1 respectivamente). El suelo con cobertura de pino, pendiente y profundidad mayor tuvo los contenidos más bajos de COS y Nt (30.86 y 3.37 Mg ha-1, respectivamente). Se concluye que los contenidos de COS y Nt mostraron diferencias por tipo de cobertura, por pendiente y por profundidad. Aunque fue con relación a la profundidad que los contenidos de COS y Nt tuvieron un comportamiento más regular, que disminuye a medida que la profundidad se incrementó, independientemente de la cobertura y pendiente

RAB8, RAB10 and RILPL1 contribute to both LRRK2 kinase-mediated centrosomal cohesion and ciliogenesis deficits

Mutations in the LRRK2 kinase are the most common cause of familial Parkinson's disease, and variants increase risk for the sporadic form of the disease. LRRK2 phosphorylates multiple RAB GTPases including RAB8A and RAB10. Phosphorylated RAB10 is recruited to centrosome-localized RILPL1, which may interfere with ciliogenesis in a disease-relevant context. Our previous studies indicate that the centrosomal accumulation of phosphorylated RAB8A causes centrosomal cohesion deficits in dividing cells, including in peripheral patient-derived cells. Here, we show that both RAB8 and RAB10 contribute to the centrosomal cohesion deficits. Pathogenic LRRK2 causes the centrosomal accumulation not only of phosho-RAB8 but also of phospho-RAB10, and the effects on centrosomal cohesion are dependent on RAB8, RAB10 and RILPL1. Conversely, the pathogenic LRRK2-mediated ciliogenesis defects correlate with the centrosomal accumulation of both phospho-RAB8 and phospho-RAB10. LRRK2-mediated centrosomal cohesion and ciliogenesis alterations are observed in patient-derived peripheral cells, as well as in primary astrocytes from mutant LRRK2 mice, and are reverted upon LRRK2 kinase inhibition. These data suggest that the LRRK2-mediated centrosomal cohesion and ciliogenesis defects are distinct cellular readouts of the same underlying phospho-RAB8/RAB10/RILPL1 nexus and highlight the possibility that either centrosomal cohesion and/or ciliogenesis alterations may serve as cellular biomarkers for LRRK2-related PD

Niveles de sustentabilidad en la reserva de la biosfera Ría Lagartos, Yucatán

&nbsp;In Mexico, one of the strategies for the management and conservation of natural ecosystems is the formation of biosphere reserves, which are managed by the National Commission of Natural Protected Areas (Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas, CONANP), government agency in charge of protecting and regulating the management and sustainable exploitation of natural resources. This contribution has the objective of analyzing the levels of sustainability present in the Ría Lagartos Biosphere Reserve, Yucatán, based on the evaluation of attributes (Productivity, Adaptability, Stability, Resilience, Equity and Self-management). These attributes are established by the Framework for the Evaluation of Natural Resource Management Systems Incorporating Sustainability Indicators (Marco de Evaluación de Sistemas de Manejo de Recursos Naturales Incorporando Indicadores de Sustentabilidad, MESMIS). The formulation of indicators that integrate the ecologic, economic and social axes in four key populations settled within the area is the basis of the study. The results obtained determine that the reserve presents a Low Level of sustainability, where the lack of budget for its management, conservation and research constitutes the unavoidable component that favors the gradual development of factors that dislocate the efficiency of government actions. This shows the fragility and short-term vision in the formulation of operative instruments destined to the maintenance and conduction of this type of areas.&nbsp; En México una de las estrategias para el manejo y conservación de los ecosistemas naturales es la formación de reservas de la biosfera, mismas que se encuentran administradas por la Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas (CONANP), instancia gubernamental encargada de proteger y regular el manejo y aprovechamiento sustentable de los recursos naturales. Esta contribución tiene como objetivo analizar los niveles de sustentabilidad presentes en la reserva de la biosfera Ría Lagartos, Yucatán, a partir de la evaluación de los atributos (Productividad, Adaptabilidad, Estabilidad, Resiliencia, Equidad y Autogestión) establecidos por el Marco de Evaluación de Sistemas de Manejo de Recursos Naturales Incorporando Indicadores de Sustentabilidad (MESMIS). Base del trabajo lo fue la formulación de indicadores que integran los ejes ecológico, económico y social en cuatro poblaciones clave asentadas dentro del área. Los resultados obtenidos determinan que la reserva presenta un Nivel Malo de sustentabilidad, donde la falta de presupuesto para su manejo, conservación e investigación constituye el componente ineludible, que favorece el desarrollo paulatino de factores que dislocan la eficiencia de las acciones gubernamentales. Lo anterior demuestra la fragilidad y visión de corto plazo en la formulación de instrumentos operativos destinados al sostenimiento y conducción de este tipo de áreas

Covalently bonded three-dimensional carbon nanotube solids via boron induced nanojunctions

The establishment of covalent junctions between carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and the modification of their straight tubular morphology are two strategies needed to successfully synthesize nanotube-based three-dimensional (3D) frameworks exhibiting superior material properties. Engineering such 3D structures in scalable synthetic processes still remains a challenge. This work pioneers the bulk synthesis of 3D macroscale nanotube elastic solids directly via a boron-doping strategy during chemical vapour deposition, which influences the formation of atomic-scale “elbow” junctions and nanotube covalent interconnections. Detailed elemental analysis revealed that the “elbow” junctions are preferred sites for excess boron atoms, indicating the role of boron and curvature in the junction formation mechanism, in agreement with our first principle theoretical calculations. Exploiting this material’s ultra-light weight, super-hydrophobicity, high porosity, thermal stability, and mechanical flexibility, the strongly oleophilic sponge-like solids are demonstrated as unique reusable sorbent scaffolds able to efficiently remove oil from contaminated seawater even after repeated use

Antimicrobial activity of ceftolozane-tazobactam against Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa recovered during the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART) program in Spain (2016-2018)

Objective: To analyse the susceptibility to ceftolozane-tazobactam and comparators in Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates recovered from intraabdominal (IAI), urinary (UTI), respiratory (RTI) and bloodstream infection (BSI) in the SMART (Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends) study. Methods: The susceptibility of 5,351 isolates collected in 11 Spanish hospitals (2016-2018) were analysed (EUCAST-2020 criteria) by broth microdilution and were phenotypically studied for the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL). Ceftolozane-tazobactam and/or carbapenem resistant isolates were genetically characterized for ESBL and carbapenemases. Results: Escherichia coli was the most frequent pathogen (49.3% IAI, 54.9% UTI, 16.7% RTI and 50% BSI), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.9%, 19.1%, 13.1% and 15.4%, respectively). P. aeruginosa was isolated in 9.3%, 5.6%, 32% and 9%, respectively. The frequency of isolates with ESBLs (2016-2017) was: 30.5% K. pneumoniae, 8.6% E. coli, 2.3% Klebsiella oxytoca and 0.7% Proteus mirabilis. Ceftolozane-tazobactam was very active against non-ESBL-(99.3% susceptible) and ESBL-(95.2%) producing E. coli being less active against K. pneumoniae (98% and 43.1%, respectively) isolates. CTX-M-15 was the most prevalent ESBL in E. coli (27.5%) and K. pneumoniae (51.9%) frequently associated with OXA-48-like carbapenemase. Overall, 93% of P. aeruginosa isolates were susceptible to ceftolozane-tazobactam, preserving this activity (>75%) in isolates resistant to other beta-lactams except in those resistant to meropenen or ceftazidime-avibactam. GES-5, PER-1, VIM-1/2 were the most prevalent enzymes in isolates resistant to ceftolozane-tazobactam. Conclusions: Ceftolozane-tazobactam showed high activity rates against isolates recovered in the SMART study although it was affected in K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa isolates with ESBL and/or carbapenemases