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BORDEAUX2-BU Santé (330632101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Epigenome confrontation triggers immediate reprogramming of DNA methylation and transposon silencing in Arabidopsis thaliana F1 epihybrids

International audienc

A higher body mass index and fat mass predict the reduction of dose-intensity for docetaxel but not for epirubicin in early breast cancer chemotherapy

International audienc

The TRKB rs2289656 genetic polymorphism is associated with acute suicide attempts in depressed patients: A transversal case control study.

INTRODUCTION:Suicide Attempts (SA) are the main complications of Major Depressive Episodes (MDE) and are difficult to predict. Suicide is associated with the expression of Receptor Tyrosin-Kinase B (TRKB), the receptor of the Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) involved in MDE. However, the impact of its genetic polymorphisms as predictive factors of SA should be clarified. Our main aim is to assess the association of 8 TRKB genetic polymorphisms and SA in depressed patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS:In 624 patients currently experiencing an MDE in the context of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) (METADAP study), we assessed the association between 8 TRKB genetic polymorphisms (rs1778933, rs1187352, rs2289658, rs2289657, rs2289656, rs3824519, rs56142442 and rs1439050) and acute (previous month) or past (older than one month) SA. Bonferroni corrections and multivariate analysis adjusted for age, sex, level of education, marital status, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score and previous MDE were used. RESULTS:The rs2289656 was associated with acute SA (CC = 28.5%, CT = 15.0% and TT = 11.5%, p = 0.0008). However, the other SNPs were not. Patients with the CC genotype had a higher rate of acute SA (28.5%) as compared to T carriers (14.6%) (adjusted OR = 2.2, CI95% [1.4; 3.5], p<0.0001). CONCLUSION:The TRKB rs2289656 CC genotype is associated with a 2.2 fold higher risk of acute SA in depressed patients. If this result could be confirmed, this TRKB SNP may be assessed to contribute to the prediction of SA in depressed patients

HOMA-IR increase after antidepressant treatment in depressed patients with the Met allele of the Val66Met BDNF genetic polymorphism

Abstract Background The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphism is associated with response to antidepressant drugs in depressed patients and with metabolic side effects after antipsychotic treatment. This study aims to assess the association between this polymorphism and insulin resistance after antidepressant treatment in depressed patients. Methods One hundred forty-eight Caucasian patients with a current unipolar major depressive episode (DSM IV-TR) were genotyped for the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and assessed at baseline and after 3 and 6 months of antidepressant treatment for the ‘Homoeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance’ (HOMA-IR) index, a valid measure of insulin resistance based on fasting plasma insulinaemia and glycaemia. Because validity assumptions were fulfilled, data were analysed using analysis of variance for repeated measures. Results The 52 (35%) Met carriers and 96 (65%) Val/Val patients were not different at baseline for clinical characteristics and HOMA-IR. A significant Val66Met × time interaction ( p = 0.02), a significant time effect ( p = 0.03) and a significant Val66Met effect ( p = 0.0497) were shown for HOMA-IR. A significant Val66Met × time interaction ( p = 0.01) and a significant time effect ( p = 0.003) were shown for fasting glycaemia. HOMA-IR and fasting glycaemia changes after antidepressant treatment were significantly higher in Met carrier than in Val/Val patients (HOMA-IR changes: Met: 0.71 ± 3.29 v. Val/Val: −0.16 ± 1.34, t = 2.3, df = 146, p = 0.02, glycaemia changes: Met: 0.09 ± 0.30 v. Val/Val: 0.02 ± 0.16, t = −2.0, df = 146, p = 0.045). Conclusions The Met allele of the Val66Met BDNF polymorphism confers to depressed patients a higher risk of insulin-resistance after antidepressant treatment. These patients could benefit from specific monitoring of metabolism and preventive measures

A Survey of Rounding Practices in Canadian Adult Intensive Care Units.

OBJECTIVE:To describe rounding practices in Canadian adult Intensive Care Units (ICU) and identify opportunities for improvement. DESIGN:Mixed methods design. Cross sectional survey of Canadian Adult ICUs (n = 180) with purposefully sampled follow-up interviews (n = 7). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:Medical directors representing 111 ICUs (62%) participated in the survey. Rounding practices varied across ICUs with the majority reporting the use of interprofessional rounds (81%) that employed an open (94%) and collaborative (86%) approach, occurred at the patient's bedside (82%), and started at a standard time (79%) and standard location (56%). Most participants reported that patients (83%) and family members (67%) were welcome to attend rounds. Approximately half of ICUs (48%) used tools to facilitate rounds. Interruptions during rounds were reported to be common (i.e., ≥ 1 interruption for ≥ 50% of patients) in 46% of ICUs. Four themes were identified from qualitative analysis of participant responses to open-ended survey questions and interviews: multidisciplinarity, patient and family involvement, factors influencing productivity, and teaching and learning. CONCLUSIONS:There is considerable variation in current rounding practices in Canadian medical/surgical ICUs. Opportunities exist to improve ICU rounds including ensuring the engagement of essential participants, clearly defining participant roles, establishing a standardized approach to the rounding process, minimizing interruptions, modifying the role of teaching, utilizing a structured rounding tool, and developing a metric for measuring rounding quality

Prospective Evaluation of Sarcopenia in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Treated with Radiotherapy or Radiochemotherapy

International audienceHighlights: Sarcopenia is frequent in patients treated with radiation therapy (RT) or radiochemotherapy (RTCT) for head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Sarcopenia is associated with poor disease-free survival and overall survival outcomes. Sarcopenia is not associated with a higher rate of treatment-related toxicity. Background: Sarcopenia occurs frequently with the diagnosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We aimed to assess the impact of sarcopenia on survival among HNSCC patients treated with radiotherapy (RT) or radiochemotherapy (RTCT). Methods: Patients treated between 2014 and 2018 by RT or RTCT with curative intent were prospectively included (NCT02900963). Optimal nutritional support follow-up, including weekly consultation with a dietician and an oncologist and daily weight monitoring, was performed. Sarcopenia was determined by measuring the skeletal muscles at the L3 vertebra on the planning CT scan for radiotherapy. For each treatment group (RT or RTCT), we assessed the prognostic value of sarcopenia for disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) and its impact on treatment-related toxicity. Results: Two hundred forty-three HNSCC patients were included: 116 were treated by RT and 127 were treated by RTCT. Before radiotherapy, eight (3.3%) patients were considered malnourished according to albumin, whereas 88 (36.7%) patients were sarcopenic. Overall, sarcopenia was associated with OS and DFS in a multivariate analysis (HR 1.9 [1.1–3.25] and 1.7 [1.06–2.71], respectively). It was similar for patients treated with RT (HR 2.49 [1.26–4.9] for DFS and 2.24 [1.03–4.86] for OS), whereas for patients treated with RTCT sarcopenia was significantly associated with OS and DFS in univariate analysis only. Sarcopenia was not related to higher treatment-related toxicity. Conclusions: Pretherapeutic sarcopenia remains frequent and predicts OS and DFS for non-frail patients treated with curative intent and adequate nutritional support

No impact of eight NTRK2 genetic polymorphisms on 6-month antidepressant efficacy in depressed patients

Aim: NTRK2 is the main receptor of the brain derived neurotrophic factor, which is involved in antidepressant efficacy. We assessed the impact of eight NTRK2 SNPs pertaining to response and remission after antidepressant treatment in depressed patients. Patients & methods: In a naturalistic study, 569 patients with a major depressive episode requiring a new antidepressant treatment were genotyped for eight NTRK2 SNPs (rs1187352, rs1439050, rs1778933 rs2289656, rs2289657, rs2289658, rs3824519, rs56142442) and prospectively assessed for response and remission after 6 months of treatment. Results: No association was shown between the NTRK2 SNPs and response/remission. Conclusion: There is no benefit to assess these eight TRKB SNPs to predict response/remission after antidepressant treatment in depressed patients

No impact of eight NTRK2

International audienceAim: NTRK2 is the main receptor of the brain derived neurotrophic factor, which is involved in antidepressant efficacy. We assessed the impact of eight NTRK2 SNPs pertaining to response and remission after antidepressant treatment in depressed patients. Patients & methods: In a naturalistic study, 569 patients with a major depressive episode requiring a new antidepressant treatment were genotyped for eight NTRK2 SNPs (rs1187352, rs1439050, rs1778933 rs2289656, rs2289657, rs2289658, rs3824519, rs56142442) and prospectively assessed for response and remission after 6 months of treatment. Results: No association was shown between the NTRK2 SNPs and response/remission. Conclusion: There is no benefit to assess these eight TRKB SNPs to predict response/remission after antidepressant treatment in depressed patients