Estrategia para la gestión de la labor educativa del profesor guía en las Escuelas Pedagógicas (Original)

Current times pose challenges to the formation of new generations of high school teaching professionals in Pedagogical Schools, hence the need to channel educational work in these institutions. The challenge assigned to Education is the starting point of the Research Project "The improvement of the professional formation process of the students of the Celia Sánchez Manduley Pedagogical School of the Granma province". The article that is presented is the result of the task of said project and starts from considering the conception of the educational work for this type of teaching and the role of the managers for its realization, in particular from the different pedagogical groups. For the achievement of the integral formation of the student through a successful management of the educational work, the work presents as an alternative solution, the establishment of a strategy for the management of the educational work by the teacher guide of the primary teacher specialty in the Pedagogical Schools. The actions that are designed in the proposal are directed to the role of the educational manager and the collaborative work with the educational actors of the pedagogical community (teachers, family, and community) and their influence on the development of the personality of the students.Los tiempos actuales imponen desafíos a la formación de las nuevas generaciones de profesionales de la enseñanza de nivel medio superior en las Escuelas Pedagógicas, de ahí la necesidad de encauzar el trabajo educativo en estas instituciones. El reto asignado a la Educación, es punto de partida del Proyecto de Investigación “El perfeccionamiento del proceso de formación profesional de los estudiantes de la Escuela Pedagógica Celia Sánchez Manduley de la provincia Granma”.  El artículo que se presenta es resultado de la tarea de dicho proyecto y parte de considerar la concepción de la labor educativa para este tipo de enseñanza y el papel de los gestores para su realización, en particular desde los diferentes colectivos pedagógicos. Para el logro de la formación integral del estudiante mediante una acertada gestión de la labor educativa, el trabajo presenta como una alternativa de solución, el establecimiento de una estrategia para la gestión de la labor educativa por el profesor guía de la especialidad maestro primario en las Escuelas Pedagógicas. Las acciones que se diseñan en la propuesta se direccionan al rol del gestor educativo y el trabajo colaborado con los actores educativos de la comunidad pedagógica (docentes, familia, comunidad) y su influencia en el desarrollo de la personalidad de los educandos

Cooperative learning as a strategy for the inclusion of students with sen/as in the ordinary schools.

Este estudio pretende indagar y examinar el trabajo realizado en las aulas con alumnos/as que presentan Trastorno del Espectro Autista y/o síndrome Asperger. El objetivo es orientar a los docentes que trabajan por la inclusión de este alumnado acerca de algunas estrategias educativas de carácter cooperativo para que la intervención educativa con estos niños/as sea satisfactoria. Se ha realizado un análisis de necesidades para diseñar un plan de apoyo dirigido a favorecer la inclusión del alumnado con TEA/AS en el aula ordinaria mediante estrategias de aprendizaje cooperativo. Para la recogida de datos se han utilizado estrategias tanto cualitativas y cuantitativas: entrevistas individuales, cuestionarios cerrados y escala de observación. En la muestra han participado profesorado de educación Infantil y Primaria, alumnado, orientadora, educadora especial, monitora de apoyo específico, pedagoga terapéutica y profesional de Audición y Lenguaje. Los resultados muestran las barreras que hallan los educadores para trasladar el concepto de «inclusión» a la realidad del aula del alumnado que presenta estas características.This study is expected to analyze and enquire into the work done in class with Autism Spectrum disorder and Asperger syndrome students. The main goal is to guide teachers who make an effort for the inclusion of such type of students and inform them about some cooperative instructive strategies so the educational intervention of these students can be successful. An analysis of necessities has been made to design a supportive plan aimed at improving AS and TEA's students' inclusion in the common class by these cooperative learning strategies. For the data pick-up have been used both qualitative and quantitative strategies: individual interviews, closed surveys and an observation scale. Pre-elementary and elementary school teachers, students, a school counselor, an especial education teacher, an specific supportive supervisor, a therapeutic pedagogue and a Language and Audition specialist have participated on the sample. The sample's results show the obstacles that teachers have to deal with to move the concept of "inclusion" to the class' reality in which student's with these traits find their selves in

Regular Consumption of Cocoa and Red Berries as a Strategy to Improve Cardiovascular Biomarkers via Modulation of Microbiota Metabolism in Healthy Aging Adults

The aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of cocoa flavanols and red berry anthocyanins on cardiovascular biomarkers, such as homocysteine, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), nitric oxide (NO), flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD), blood pressure and lipid profile. Additionally, we aimed to ascertain their possible interactions with microbiota related metabolites, such as secondary bile acids (SBA), short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). A randomized, parallel-group study, single-blind for the research team, was performed on 60 healthy volunteers between the ages of 45 and 85, who consumed 2.5 g/day of cocoa powder (9.59 mg/day of total flavanols), 5 g/day of a red berry mixture (13.9 mg/day of total anthocyanins) or 7.5 g/day of a combination of both for 12 weeks. The group that had consumed cocoa showed a significant reduction in TMAO (p = 0.03) and uric acid (p = 0.01) levels in serum, accompanied by an increase in FMD values (p = 0.03) and total polyphenols. corrected by creatinine (p = 0.03) after the intervention. These latter values negatively correlated with the TMAO concentration (R = −0.57, p = 0.02). Additionally, we observed an increase in carbohydrate fermentation in the groups that had consumed cocoa (p = 0.04) and red berries (p = 0.04) between the beginning and the end of the intervention. This increase in carbohydrate fermentation was correlated with lower levels of TC/HDL ratio (p = 0.01), systolic (p = 0.01) and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.01). In conclusion, our study showed a positive modulation of microbiota metabolism after a regular intake of cocoa flavanols and red berry anthocyanins that led to an improvement in cardiovascular function, especially in the group that consumed cocoa

Extreme-ultraviolet structured beams via high harmonic generation

Funding European Research Council (851201); Ministerio de Ciencia de Innovación y Universidades, Agencia Estatal de Investigaci ́on and European Social Fund (PID2019106910GB-I00, RYC-2017-22745); Junta de Castilla y León and FEDER Funds (SA287P18); Université ParisSaclay (2012-0333TOASIS, 50110000724-OPTX, PhOM REC-2019-074-MAOHAm); Conseil Régional, I ˆle-de-France (501100003990); Barcelona Supercomputing Center (FI2020-3-0013).Vigorous efforts to harness the topological properties of light have enabled a multitude of novel applications. Translating the applications of structured light to higher spatial and temporal resolutions mandates their controlled generation, manipulation, and thorough characterization in the short-wavelength regime. Here, we resort to high-order harmonic generation (HHG) in a noble gas to upconvert near-infrared (IR) vector, vortex, and vector-vortex driving beams that are tailored, respectively, in their spin angular momentum (SAM), orbital angular momentum (OAM), and simultaneously in their SAM and OAM. We show that HHG enables the controlled generation of extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) vector beams exhibiting various spatially dependent polarization distributions, or EUV vortex beams with a highly twisted phase. Moreover, we demonstrate the generation of EUV vector-vortex beams (VVB) bearing combined characteristics of vector and vortex beams. We rely on EUV wavefront sensing to unambiguously affirm the topological charge scaling of the HHG beams with the harmonic order. Interestingly, our work shows that HHG allows for a synchronous controlled manipulation of SAM and OAM. These EUV structured beams bring in the promising scenario of their applications at nanometric spatial and sub-femtosecond temporal resolutions using a table-top harmonic source

Recyclable Epoxy Resin via Simultaneous Dual Permanent/Reversible Crosslinking Based on Diels-Alder Chemistry

Taking advantage of the reversible Diels-Alder (DA) reaction, a simple strategy to obtain recyclable epoxy resins is presented. For this purpose, blends of furan-functionalized and nonfunctionalized epoxy resin are prepared. After the addition of diamine and bismaleimide, blends are heated at 150 degrees C for 5 min, where the permanent amine/epoxy reaction has taken place and upon cooling to room temperature the reversible DA reaction has happened, giving rise to a dual permanent/nonpermanent network. Both reactions are confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and C-13-crosspolarization, magic-angle spinning (CP/MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC) shows that the epoxy/amine and bismaleimide/amine curing reaction take place, after the DA reaction, simultaneously with the retroDA reaction and before the bismaleimide homopolymerization. Therefore, under the appropriate curing conditions, the Michael's addition and the bismaleimide homopolymerization do not avoid the formation of a hybrid network, as stated in other reports. The reversibility of the DA reaction in three consecutive cycles is confirmed by DSC. Finally, the dual-cured sample is reprocessed three times without significant loss of mechanical properties.The authors thank the Basque Government (IT1313-19), the University of the Basque Country (GIU19/077), and Mineco (MAT2017-84116-R), for the funding received to develop this work. Technical and human support provided by Macro-Behaviour-Mesostructure and Nanotechnology and NMR SGIker services of UPV/EHU are also gratefully acknowledged. The authors also thank Anne Bravo for the design of the table of contents. Documen

High Pressure Carbon Dioxide Technology as cold pasteurization in cloudy apple juice

Póster presentado en: 10th World Congress of Chemical Engineering, 1 a 5 de octubre de 2017, BarcelonaMINECO and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) for financial support of project CTQ2015-64396-R and AEI’s contract. To Junta de Castilla y León and ERDF for OB’s Post-doctoral contract (BU055U16). To MINECO for RM’s pre-doctoral contract (BES-2013-063937) and EDP’s Juan de la Cierva contract (FJCI-2014-19850). To University of Burgos for AGS’s predoctoral contract

Production of small peptides and low molecular weight amino acids by subcritical water from fish meal: Effect of pressurization agent

The hydrolysis of the water-soluble protein (WSP) fraction from tuna fish meal was evaluated by subcritical water (subW) by using N2 and CO2 as different pressurization agents in the temperature range from 140 to 180 °C. For both gases, the amino group release increased by increasing working temperature while the Lowry response decreased due to production of smaller-size peptides and free amino acids. The free amino acid content was higher with CO2 than with N2. At 180 °C, 344 ± 5 and 275 ± 3 mg of free amino acids per g of WSP were released, respectively; although, in both systems the smallest molecular weight amino acids, glycine and alanine, were preferentially released. The free amino acids content obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis with commercial proteases Alcalase and Novozym was much lower with the highest hydrolysis yield determined for histidine. These results have been supported by size exclusion chromatography analysis.This work was supported by the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) and Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN) [grant numbers PID2019-104950RB-I00 / AEI / https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033, PID2020-116716RJ-I00/ AEI /https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033] by the AEI, MICINN, UE Next GenerationEU (Plan de Recuperación, Transformación y Resiliencia) [grant numbers TED2021-129311B-I00, PDC2022-133443-I00] and the Junta de Castilla y León (JCyL) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) [grant number BU050P20]. Benito Román post-doctoral contract was funded by AEI through project PID2020–116716RJ-I00. P. Alonso-Riaño and P. Barea predoctoral contracts were funded by JCyL and the European Social Fund (ESF) by ORDEN EDU/556/2019, de 5 de junio and by ORDEN EDU/1868/2022, de 19 de diciembre. E Díaz de Cerio and A.E. Illera post-doctoral contracts were funded by JCyL and ERDF through project BU050P20. R. Melgosa contract was funded by a Beatriz Galindo Research Fellowship [BG20/00182]

Extreme-ultraviolet vector-vortex beams from high harmonic generation

[EN]Structured light in the short-wavelength regime opens exciting avenues for the study of ultrafast spin and electronic dynamics. Here, we demonstrate theoretically and experimentally the generation of vector-vortex beams (VVB) in the extreme ultraviolet through high-order harmonic generation (HHG). The up-conversion of VVB, which are spatially tailored in their spin and orbital angular momentum, is ruled by the conservation of the topological Pancharatnam charge in HHG. Despite the complex propagation of the driving beam, high-harmonic VVB are robustly generated with smooth propagation properties. Remarkably, we find out that the conversion efficiency of high-harmonic VVB increases with the driving topological charge. Our work opens the possibility to synthesize attosecond helical structures with spatially varying polarization, a unique tool to probe spatiotemporal dynamics in inhomogeneous media or polarization-dependent systems.European Research Council (851201); Ministerio de Ciencia de Innovación y Universidades, Agencia Estatal de Investigación and European Social Fund (PID2019-106910GB-I00, RYC-2017-22745); Junta de Castilla y León and FEDER Funds (SA287P18); Université Paris-Saclay (2012-0333T-OASIS, 50110000724-OPTX, PhOM REC-2019-074-MAOHAm); Conseil Régional, Île-de-France (501100003990); Barcelona Supercomputing Center (FI-2020-3-0013)

Extreme-ultraviolet structured beams via high harmonic generation

Funding European Research Council (851201); Ministerio de Ciencia de Innovación y Universidades, Agencia Estatal de Investigaci ́on and European Social Fund (PID2019106910GB-I00, RYC-2017-22745); Junta de Castilla y León and FEDER Funds (SA287P18); Université ParisSaclay (2012-0333TOASIS, 50110000724-OPTX, PhOM REC-2019-074-MAOHAm); Conseil Régional, I ˆle-de-France (501100003990); Barcelona Supercomputing Center (FI2020-3-0013).Vigorous efforts to harness the topological properties of light have enabled a multitude of novel applications. Translating the applications of structured light to higher spatial and temporal resolutions mandates their controlled generation, manipulation, and thorough characterization in the short-wavelength regime. Here, we resort to high-order harmonic generation (HHG) in a noble gas to upconvert near-infrared (IR) vector, vortex, and vector-vortex driving beams that are tailored, respectively, in their spin angular momentum (SAM), orbital angular momentum (OAM), and simultaneously in their SAM and OAM. We show that HHG enables the controlled generation of extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) vector beams exhibiting various spatially dependent polarization distributions, or EUV vortex beams with a highly twisted phase. Moreover, we demonstrate the generation of EUV vector-vortex beams (VVB) bearing combined characteristics of vector and vortex beams. We rely on EUV wavefront sensing to unambiguously affirm the topological charge scaling of the HHG beams with the harmonic order. Interestingly, our work shows that HHG allows for a synchronous controlled manipulation of SAM and OAM. These EUV structured beams bring in the promising scenario of their applications at nanometric spatial and sub-femtosecond temporal resolutions using a table-top harmonic source

Developing tools for evaluating inoculation methods of biocontrol Streptomyces sp. strains into grapevine plants

[EN] The endophytic Streptomyces sp. VV/E1, and rhizosphere Streptomyces sp. VV/R4 strains, isolated from grapevine plants were shown in a previous work to reduce the infection rate of fungal pathogens involved in young grapevine decline. In this study we cloned fragments from randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), and developed two stably diagnostic sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers of 182 and 160 bp for the VV/E1 and VV/R4 strains, respectively. The SCAR markers were not found in another 50 actinobacterial strains isolated from grapevine plants. Quantitative real-time PCR protocols based on the amplification of these SCAR markers were used for the detection and quantification of both strains in plant material. These strains were applied on young potted plants using two methods: perforation of the rootstock followed by injection of the microorganisms or soaking the root system in a bacterial suspension. Both methods were combined with a booster treatment by direct addition of a bacterial suspension to the soil near the root system. Analysis of uprooted plants showed that those inoculated by injection exhibited the highest rate of colonization. In contrast, direct addition of either strain to the soil did not lead to reliable colonization. This study has developed molecular tools for analyzing different methods for inoculating grapevine plants with selected Streptomyces sp. strains which protect them from fungal infections that enter through their root system. These tools are of great applied interest since they could easily be established in nurseries to produce grafted grapevine plants that are protected against fungal pathogens. Finally, this methodology might also be applied to other vascular plants for their colonization with beneficial biological control agentsSIThis work was supported by Viveros Villanueva Vides S.L. (Larraga, Spain) which was financed by the Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico Industrial–CDTI—(Madrid, Spain) through the GLOBALVITI project (CIEN Program) (http://viverosvillanueva.es/, https://www.cdti.es/). SGG was supported by an FPU fellowship (Grant number FPU15/03475) from the Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (Madrid, Spain) (http://www.mecd.gob.es/). RC was supported by the Programa Torres Quevedo (Grant number PTQ-14-06849) from the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (Madrid, Spain), (http://www.ciencia.gob.es/