Acceso abierto en la legislación española

Estudio realizado en el marco del Proyecto de investigación DER2013-43967-R, sobre “Propiedad intelectual en las Universidades públicas: Titularidad, gestión y transferencia”, financiado por el Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO

La titularidad de los derechos en el texto refundido de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual

Estudio realizado en el marco del Proyecto de investigación DER2013-43967-R, sobre “Propiedad intelectual en las Universidades públicas: Titularidad, gestión y transferencia”, financiado por el Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO

Reutilización de los documentos albergados en las bibliotecas universitarias y la excepción por derechos de propiedad intelectual

proyecto de investigación “Propiedad intelectual y Open Data en la Universidad: intersección entre propiedad intelectual, reutilización de la información del sector público y la protección de datos” DER2016-75709-R (MINECO/FEDER/UE) del que es investigadora principal Raquel de Romá

Guía de propiedad intelectual en el ámbito universitario

Trabajo realizado en el marco del Proyecto de investigación DER2013-43967-R, sobre “Propiedad intelectual en las Universidades públicas: Titularidad, gestión y transferencia”, financiado por el Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO), cuyos investigadores principales son Raquel de Román Pérez y Carlos Vattier Fuenzalida

Intellectual property on the research results of university teaching staff and the obligation of open access following the science law reform: paradigm shift?

En septiembre de 2022 se ha reformado la Ley 14/2011 de la Ciencia, la Tecnología y la Innovación, en cuestiones que tienen que ver con la propiedad intelectual de las obras y otros resultados que produce el profesorado al desarrollar su actividad de investigación. Ahora, el artículo 35 se ocupa de la titularidad de los derechos sobre los resultados de las actividades de investigación del personal de las universidades y otras entidades públicas, que antes se regulaba en la Ley de economía sostenible. También se ha reformado el mandato del artículo 37, sobre puesta a disposición del público en acceso abierto de los resultados de investigación. Con este trabajo se analiza cómo afectan ambos preceptos al profesorado universitario. Se trata de aclarar, entre otras cuestiones, si la nueva regulación atribuye o no con carácter general los derechos de explotación sobre las obras del profesorado a las universidades en las que desarrolla su actividad investigadora, si son las universidades o el profesorado quienes deben cumplir con el mandato de acceso abierto, y en qué medida el artículo 37 deja de ser una norma dispositiva. Se concluye que no hay atribución a las universidades de los derechos de explotación sobre las obras resultado de la investigación, sino que se conservan por el profesorado en aplicación de la Ley de propiedad intelectual a la que remite el artículo 35, 2 de la Ley de la ciencia. Que el artículo 37 regula una nueva obligación de depósito de las publicaciones y datos en repositorios, para el profesorado y otro personal de investigación de las universidades y otras entidades públicas. Y que los sujetos comprometidos a poner a disposición del público los resultados de investigación en abierto, cuando lo establecen las condiciones de las convocatorias de ayudas públicas con las que se han financiado, son los investigadores e investigadoras.In September 2022, the Law 14/ 2011 on science, technology and innovation has been reformed in matters regarding the intellectual property related the professors´works and other results produced in the course of their research activities. Now article 35 deals with right ownership of research activities outcomes coming from university staff and other public entities, which was previously regulated in the Sustainable Economy Law. The article 37 former mandate compellig to make research results available to the public in open access has also been reformed. This paper analyzes how both precepts affect university faculty. The aim is to assess, among other questions, whether or not the new regulation generally attributes the intellectual property rigths exploitation to the universities where teaching staff carry out their research activity; And in addition, knowing who is to comply with the open access mandate, the universities or the teaching staff and to what extent article 37 ceases to be a dispositive norm. It is concluded that there is no attribution to universities of rights explotation on works resulting from the research, but instead they are kept by teachers in application of the Law on Intellectual Property to which article 35, 2 of the Law of Science refers. Besides, article 37 regulates a new obligation for the teaching staff and other research personnel of the universities, consisting in the deposit of publications and data in repositories. What is more, the subjects committed to making the results of open research available to the public are the researchers, when the conditions of the calls for public grants with which they have been financed establish so

Tau – an inhibitor of deacetylase HDAC6 function

Analysis of brain microtubule protein from patients with Alzheimer’s disease showed decreased alpha tubulin levels along with increased acetylation of the alpha tubulin subunit, mainly in those microtubules from neurons containing neurofibrillary tau pathology. To determine the relationship of tau protein and increased tubulin acetylation, we studied the effect of tau on the acetylation-deacetylation of tubulin. Our results indicate that tau binds to the tubulin-deacetylase, histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), decreasing its activity with a consequent increase in tubulin acetylation. As expected, increased acetylation was also found in tubulin from wild-type mice compared with tubulin from mice lacking tau because of the tau-mediated inhibition of the deacetylase. In addition, we found that an excess of tau protein, as a HDAC6 inhibitor, prevents induction of autophagy by inhibiting proteasome function.This work was supported by grants from Spanish Plan Nacional, Comunidad de Madrid, Fundación Botín, CIBERNED, and an institutional grant Fundación Areces.Peer reviewe

Post-mortem findings in Spanish patients with COVID-19; a special focus on superinfections

IntroductionWhole-body autopsies may be crucial to understand coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pathophysiology. We aimed to analyze pathological findings in a large series of full-body autopsies, with a special focus on superinfections. MethodsThis was a prospective multicenter study that included 70 COVID-19 autopsies performed between April 2020 and February 2021. Epidemiological, clinical and pathological information was collected using a standardized case report form. ResultsMedian (IQR) age was 70 (range 63.75-74.25) years and 76% of cases were males. Most patients (90%,) had at least one comorbidity prior to COVID-19 diagnosis, with vascular risk factors being the most frequent. Infectious complications were developed by 65.71% of the patients during their follow-up. Mechanical ventilation was required in most patients (75.71%) and was mainly invasive. In multivariate analyses, length of hospital stay and invasive mechanical ventilation were significantly associated with infections (p = 0.036 and p = 0.013, respectively). Necropsy findings revealed diffuse alveolar damage in the lungs, left ventricular hypertrophy in the heart, liver steatosis and pre-infection arteriosclerosis in the heart and kidneys. ConclusionOur study confirms the main necropsy histopathological findings attributed to COVID-19 in a large patient series, while underlining the importance of both comorbid conditions and superinfections in the pathology

Risk Factors for COVID-19 in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A National, ENEIDA-Based Case–Control Study (COVID-19-EII)

(1) Scant information is available concerning the characteristics that may favour the acquisition of COVID-19 in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess these differences between infected and noninfected patients with IBD. (2) This nationwide case-control study evaluated patients with inflammatory bowel disease with COVID-19 (cases) and without COVID-19 (controls) during the period March-July 2020 included in the ENEIDA of GETECCU. (3) A total of 496 cases and 964 controls from 73 Spanish centres were included. No differences were found in the basal characteristics between cases and controls. Cases had higher comorbidity Charlson scores (24% vs. 19%; p = 0.02) and occupational risk (28% vs. 10.5%; p < 0.0001) more frequently than did controls. Lockdown was the only protective measure against COVID-19 (50% vs. 70%; p < 0.0001). No differences were found in the use of systemic steroids, immunosuppressants or biologics between cases and controls. Cases were more often treated with 5-aminosalicylates (42% vs. 34%; p = 0.003). Having a moderate Charlson score (OR: 2.7; 95%CI: 1.3-5.9), occupational risk (OR: 2.9; 95%CI: 1.8-4.4) and the use of 5-aminosalicylates (OR: 1.7; 95%CI: 1.2-2.5) were factors for COVID-19. The strict lockdown was the only protective factor (OR: 0.1; 95%CI: 0.09-0.2). (4) Comorbidities and occupational exposure are the most relevant factors for COVID-19 in patients with IBD. The risk of COVID-19 seems not to be increased by immunosuppressants or biologics, with a potential effect of 5-aminosalicylates, which should be investigated further and interpreted with caution

Responding to the challenges of Water and Global Warming: Environmental Hydrogeology and Global Change Research Group (HYGLO-Lab)

[EN] The current Global Warming of planet Earth is probably the most important geological phenomenon in the last 20,000 years of its history and for human race. This process is having nowadays notable effects on the climate, ecosystems and natural resources. Possibly the most important renewable geological resource is water. One of the most strategic phases of the water cycle is groundwater. Despite its low visibility, quantitatively (and qualitatively too) it is essential for life on Planet Earth. Foreseeable consequences on groundwater due to climate change and sea level rise will be very significant. Hydrogeology can provide answers to many of the questions that are beginning to be raised in relation to these impacts and their effects. Environmental hydrogeology is a way of understanding the set of disciplines mixed in Hydrogeology as a Science of Nature. The HYGLO-Lab Research Group of the IGME-CSIC National Center attempts, through its lines of research, with a double global and local component, to provide answers to some of these questions.Peer reviewe

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio