Zooarchaeology, manufacture and ritual clothing at the ancient city of Teotihuacán, Mexico

La ciudad de Teotihuacan (siglos I-VI d.C.) es el centro urbano del México prehispánico más estudiado a nivel arqueológico y arqueozoológico, lo cual permite conocer la forma en que eran manejados los recursos animales. Generalmente los lepóridos, perros, venados, anátidos y pavos constituyen la gran mayoría de los restos arqueo­zoológicos descubiertos, involucrados principalmente con actividades de alimentación. En el centro de barrio de Teopancazco, excavado extensivamente de 1997 a 2005 por Linda R. Manzanilla y su equipo, fue descubierto un grupo de cuartos adyacentes (particularmente C251A) cuya abundancia de restos faunísticos y diversidad de especies rebasa por mucho lo que generalmente se observa, condición complementada por la abundancia de he­rramientas de hueso, principalmente agujas de costura e instrumentos para el trabajo de pieles. El análisis de esta colección llevó a la propuesta de que en este espacio se confeccionaban vestimentas rituales que utilizaba la elite intermedia que regía el centro de barrio, opción apoyada por la existencia de murales en donde aparecen persona­jes ataviados con indumentarias que portan gran cantidad de elementos de origen animal, particularmente marino (el “sacerdote del océano”, según Kubler). El análisis de esta colección permitió proponer que esta actividad de confección y costura había abarcado un espacio de dos siglos (350-550 d.C.).The city of Teotihuacan (I-VI centuries AD) is the most studied Prehispanic urban center in Mexico from the archaeological and archaeozoological points of view. This allows us to know how faunal resources were managed. Generally leporids, dogs, deer, ducks and turkeys are the most frequently found, particularly related to food consumption activities. In the Teopancazco neighborhood center, which has been extensively excavated from 1997-2005 by Linda R. Manzanilla and her team, a series of adjacent rooms (particularly C251A) show faunal abundance and species diversity way beyond what is generally observed at that site. This fact is complemented by the abundance of bone instruments, particularly needles and instruments for hide preparation. The analysis of all the data allowed us to propose that this space was used as part of the tailoring activities of attires and headdresses used by the intermediate elite that administered the neighborhood in their ritual activities, an option backed by the mural paintings at the site, which represent the “ocean priests”, as Kubler once mentioned. With the spatial analysis of the adjacent rooms, we may propose that the “tailors’ shop” was used as such during two centuries (AD 350-550).

Overweight and obesity status from the prenatal period to adolescence and its association with non- alcoholic fatty liver disease in young adults: cohort study

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156435/16/bjo16199-sup-0005-ICMJES2.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156435/15/bjo16199-sup-0012-ICMJES12.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156435/14/bjo16199_am.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156435/13/bjo16199-sup-0010-ICMJES10.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156435/12/bjo16199-sup-0002-TableS1.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156435/11/bjo16199.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156435/10/bjo16199-sup-0007-ICMJES4.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156435/9/bjo16199-sup-0008-ICMJES5.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156435/8/bjo16199-sup-0006-ICMJES3.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156435/7/bjo16199-sup-0003-AppendixS1.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156435/6/bjo16199-sup-0011-ICMJES11.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156435/5/bjo16199-sup-0013-ICMJES13.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156435/4/bjo16199-sup-0014-ICMJES14.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156435/3/bjo16199-sup-0001-FigS1.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156435/2/bjo16199-sup-0009-ICMJES6.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156435/1/bjo16199-sup-0004-ICMJES1.pd

A robust coregistration method for in vivo studies using a first generation simultaneous PET/MR scanner

Purpose: Hybrid positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance (MR) imaging systems have recently been built that allow functional and anatomical information obtained from PET and MR to be acquired simultaneously. The authors have developed a robust coregistration scheme for a first generation small animal PET/MR imaging system and illustrated the potential of this system to study intratumoral heterogeneity in a mouse model. Methods: An alignment strategy to fuse simultaneously acquired PET and MR data, using the MR imaging gradient coordinate system as the reference basis, was developed. The fidelity of the alignment was evaluated over multiple study sessions. In order to explore its robustness in vivo, the alignment strategy was applied to explore the heterogeneity of glucose metabolism in a xenograft tumor model, using ^(18)F-FDG-PET to guide the acquisition of localized ^1H MR spectra within a single imaging session. Results: The alignment method consistently fused the PET/MR data sets with subvoxel accuracy (registration error mean=0.55 voxels, <0.28 mm); this was independent of location within the field of view. When the system was used to study intratumoral heterogeneity within xenograft tumors, a correlation of high ^(18)F-FDG-PET signal with high choline/creatine ratio was observed. Conclusions: The authors present an implementation of an efficient and robust coregistration scheme for multimodal noninvasive imaging using PET and MR. This setup allows time-sensitive, multimodal studies of physiology to be conducted in an efficient manner

Parallel use of shake flask and microtiter plate online measuring devices (RAMOS and BioLector) reduces the number of experiments in laboratory-scale stirred tank bioreactors

Background Conventional experiments in small scale are often performed in a Black Box fashion, analyzing only the product concentration in the final sample. Online monitoring of relevant process characteristics and parameters such as substrate limitation, product inhibition and oxygen supply is lacking. Therefore, fully equipped laboratory-scale stirred tank bioreactors are hitherto required for detailed studies of new microbial systems. However, they are too spacious, laborious and expensive to be operated in larger number in parallel. Thus, the aim of this study is to present a new experimental approach to obtain dense quantitative process information by parallel use of two small-scale culture systems with online monitoring capabilities: Respiration Activity MOnitoring System (RAMOS) and the BioLector device. Results The same mastermix (medium plus microorganisms) was distributed to the different small-scale culture systems: 1) RAMOS device; 2) 48-well microtiter plate for BioLector device; and 3) separate shake flasks or microtiter plates for offline sampling. By adjusting the same maximum oxygen transfer capacity (OTRmax), the results from the RAMOS and BioLector online monitoring systems supplemented each other very well for all studied microbial systems (E. coli, G. oxydans, K. lactis) and culture conditions (oxygen limitation, diauxic growth, auto-induction, buffer effects). Conclusions The parallel use of RAMOS and BioLector devices is a suitable and fast approach to gain comprehensive quantitative data about growth and production behavior of the evaluated microorganisms. These acquired data largely reduce the necessary number of experiments in laboratory-scale stirred tank bioreactors for basic process development. Thus, much more quantitative information is obtained in parallel in shorter time.Cluster of Excellence “Tailor-Made Fuels from Biomass”, which is funded by the Excellence Initiative by the German federal and state governments to promote science and research at German universities

Variability of apparent diffusion coefficients in metastatic small cell lung carcinoma: comparisons between-within normal tissue and liver metastases

In recent years, the use of diffusion weighted MRI (DW-MRI) has increased for the diagnosis of focal liver lesions (FLLs). DW-MRI may help in the differentiation of benign and malignant FLLs by measuring the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values. Unfortunately, liver metastases present different histopathologic features with variable MRI signals within each lesion; this histologic variability explains the intra- and inter-lesion variations of ADC measurements. We present the case of a 64-year-old female with diagnosis of liver metastasis from small cell lung carcinoma admitted to the emergency unit due to symptoms of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion. Quantitative comparison of two liver MRI, on admission and 2-months after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization showed persistence of the hyperintense metastatic lesions with significant difference in the ADC values in the with-in metastatic lesions (p = 0.001) and between normal tissue and liver metastases only at the end of treatment (p < 0.001). Several publications state that DW-MRI is capable to predict the response to chemotherapy in malignant tumors, the histologic variability of liver metastasis and their response to different treatments is reflected in intra- and inter-lesion variations of ADC measurements that might delay an accurate imaging diagnosis. We present evidence of this variability, which might encourage prospective clinical trials that would define better cut-off values, would help understand the ADC biological behaviour, and would reach consensus about the best acquisition parameters for this promising quantitative biomarker

Arqueozoología y manufactura de vestimentas rituales en la antigua ciudad de Teotihuacan, México

The city of Teotihuacan (I-VI centuries AD) is the most studied Prehispanic urban center in Mexico from the archaeological and archaeozoological points of view. This allows us to know how faunal resources were managed. Generally leporids, dogs, deer, ducks and turkeys are the most frequently found, particularly related to food consumption activities. In the Teopancazco neighborhood center, which has been extensively excavated from 1997-2005 by Linda R. Manzanilla and her team, a series of adjacent rooms (particularly C251A) show faunal abundance and species diversity way beyond what is generally observed at that site. This fact is complemented by the abundance of bone instruments, particularly needles and instruments for hide preparation. The analysis of all the data allowed us to propose that this space was used as part of the tailoring activities of attires and headdresses used by the intermediate elite that administered the neighborhood in their ritual activities, an option backed by the mural paintings at the site, which represent the “ocean priests”, as Kubler once mentioned. With the spatial analysis of the adjacent rooms, we may propose that the “tailors’ shop” was used as such during two centuries (AD 350-550). La ciudad de Teotihuacan (siglos I-VI d.C.) es el centro urbano del México prehispánico más estudiado a nivel arqueológico y arqueozoológico, lo cual permite conocer la forma en que eran manejados los recursos animales. Generalmente los lepóridos, perros, venados, anátidos y pavos constituyen la gran mayoría de los restos arqueo­zoológicos descubiertos, involucrados principalmente con actividades de alimentación. En el centro de barrio de Teopancazco, excavado extensivamente de 1997 a 2005 por Linda R. Manzanilla y su equipo, fue descubierto un grupo de cuartos adyacentes (particularmente C251A) cuya abundancia de restos faunísticos y diversidad de especies rebasa por mucho lo que generalmente se observa, condición complementada por la abundancia de he­rramientas de hueso, principalmente agujas de costura e instrumentos para el trabajo de pieles. El análisis de esta colección llevó a la propuesta de que en este espacio se confeccionaban vestimentas rituales que utilizaba la elite intermedia que regía el centro de barrio, opción apoyada por la existencia de murales en donde aparecen persona­jes ataviados con indumentarias que portan gran cantidad de elementos de origen animal, particularmente marino (el “sacerdote del océano”, según Kubler). El análisis de esta colección permitió proponer que esta actividad de confección y costura había abarcado un espacio de dos siglos (350-550 d.C.)

Caracterización volumétrica del glioblastoma multiforme y correlación con el Tensor de Difusión mediante imágenes de Resonancia Magnética.

Tesis de Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Física Médica. El objetivo de este trabajo de investigación consistió en relacionar las características volumétricas cerebrales asociadas al glioblastoma multiforme y el tensor de difusión con los grupos de severidad tumoral mediante los modelos de red neuronal y análisis discriminante.l Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) es el tipo más común de tumor cerebral maligno y representa del 40-50% de todas las neoplasias cerebrales primarias en adultos [1]. En México poco se sabe sobre la epidemiología de los tumores del Sistema Nervioso Central. El diagnóstico por imágenes se realiza mediante la tomografía axial computarizada o la resonancia magnética, que permiten conocer la localización y el tamaño del tumor. Sin embargo la resonancia magnética se encuentra subutilizada. Existen varias métricas asociadas al tensor de difusión y volúmenes de los componentes quístico y necrótico tumorales (susceptibles de obtenerse mediante resonancia magnética) que pudieran servir para conocer la severidad del Glioblastoma Multiforme y facilitar la toma temprana de decisiones en cuanto a la planificación del tratamiento. El objetivo de este trabajo fue relacionar las características volumétricas cerebrales asociadas al GBM y el tensor de difusión con los grupos de severidad tumoral mediante los modelos de red neuronal y análisis discriminante. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de 36 pacientes enfermos de GBM con comprobación histopatológica. Se evaluaron imágenes de Resonancia Magnética potenciadas a T1, pre y post contraste (gadolinio), T2 y FLAIR para obtener los siguientes volúmenes: CFS, Gray Matter, White Matter, Necrotic, Non Enhancing, Enhancing y Edema. También se tomaron en consideración las imágenes con DTI para la obtención de métricas asociadas al tensor de difusión (DT): MD, FA, RA, RD, AD, Cs, p, q, L, Cl, Cp y Ca. Además se realizó una clasificación de los pacientes en relación a la severidad del GBM en base a su capacidad invasiva y probable zona anatómica de origen. Con esto se obtuvo un total de 50 variables. Posteriormente, se elaboró un modelo de Red Neuronal Artificial que permite pronosticar la severidad del tumor a partir de los volúmenes cerebrales y las métricas provenientes del DT. Para poder interpretar de forma más clara la interrelación de las variables, se realizó un Análisis Discriminante con las 25 de mayor importancia en la Red Neuronal Artificial. De esta forma quedaron 2 variables, la Cs del Edema y la FA de la Necrosis. Posteriormente se compararon los modelos de Red Neuronal Artificial y Análisis Discriminante en términos de sensibilidad especificidad, valor predictivo positivo, valor predictivo negativo, razón de verosimilitud positiva, razón de verosimilitud negativa, curvas ROC y medidas de las AUROC. Cómo resultados se tiene en primer lugar, la creación de modelos clasificatorios eficaces, siendo el Análisis Discriminante casi tan bueno como la Red Neuronal Artificial en términos de eficiencia diagnóstica, pero de más fácil interpretación. En segundo lugar, la Fracción de Anisotropía de la Necrosis juega un papel importante en ambos modelos, lo cual puede ser un indicador de queConsejo Mexiquense de Ciencia y Tecnología Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (INNN