6 research outputs found

    La gamificación en la competencia comunicativa del inglés en estudiantes de educación básica alternativa ATE 2021

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    Este estudio tiene el propósito de determinar la influencia de la gamificación en la competencia comunicativa del inglés en estudiantes de educación básica alternativa ATE 2021. La metodología aplicada fue el enfoque cuantitativo con un método hipotético – deductivo, diseño pre-experimental, donde la población fue constituida por 44 estudiantes, el muestreo fue no probabilístico intencional. Se utilizó el test como instrumento de recolección de datos. La confiabilidad del instrumento mediante el Kuder Richardson fue 0,827. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian que: en pretest el 81,8% (36) tiene una competencia comunicativa del inglés en inicio, y en el Postest, el 59,1% (26) tiene una competencia comunicativa del inglés en logro esperado. La conclusión fue: La gamificación influye significativamente en la competencia comunicativa del inglés en estudiantes de educación básica alternativa ATE 2021. (Siendo el valor p = 0,000, se rechaza la hipótesis nula y se acepta la Hipótesis alternativa, entonces: Sí existen diferencias significativas entre el Pretest y el Postest

    Microenseñanza y prácticas preprofesionales en los estudiantes de inglés, Universidad Nacional de Educación, 2021

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    The objective of this study was to establish the degree of correlation between microteaching and continuous pre-professional practice in the students of the 2017 promotion of the Academic Department of Foreign Languages. The research was carried out under the quantitative approach, descriptive method and descriptive-correlational design with a census sample made up of 100 students. As instruments, a questionnaire on microteaching and another on continuous pre-professional practice were used, both validated by expert judgment. The results indicate that, with a significance level of 0.05, a p-value = 0.000 and a Pearson's R correlation = 0.495** were obtained, so the null hypothesis is rejected and the alternative hypothesis that states that there is a positive and significant degree of relationship between microteaching and Continuous PPP in English students, National University of Education, 2021. This result coincides with the work of Toro (2017), who concluded that there is a relationship between microteaching and PPP. Continuous PPP (Chi Square test = 39.236). It is recommended to promote in the drivers of pre-professional practices the use of micro-teaching to strengthen the didactic, communicative and digital skills of future teachers.El objetivo de este estudio fue establecer el grado de correlación entre la microenseñanza y la práctica preprofesional continua en los estudiantes de la promoción 2017 del Departamento Académico de Lenguas Extranjeras. La investigación se realizó bajo el enfoque cuantitativo, método descriptivo y diseño descriptivo-correlacional con una muestra censal conformada por 100 estudiantes. Como instrumentos, se empleó un cuestionario sobre la microenseñanza y otro sobre la práctica preprofesional continua, ambos validados por juicio de expertos. Los resultados indican que, con un nivel de significancia de 0,05, se obtuvo un p-valor = 0,000 y una correlación R de Pearson = 0,495**, por lo que se rechaza la hipótesis nula y se acepta la hipótesis alternativa que afirma que existe un grado de relación positivo y significativo entre la microenseñanza y la PPP Continua en los estudiantes de inglés, Universidad Nacional de Educación, 2021. Este resultado coincide con el trabajo de Toro (2017) quién concluyó que existe relación entre la microenseñanza y la PPP continua (prueba Chi Cuadrado = 39,236).  Se recomienda promover en los conductores de las prácticas preprofesionales el uso de la microenseñanza para fortalecer las competencias didáctica, comunicativa y digital de los futuros profesores

    Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

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    Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

    Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

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    Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030
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