Propuesta didáctica de espacios ambientales en las aulas de Educación Infantil

The objective of this article is the design of an action program for environmental education in the early childhood education, specifically for students of 5-6 years aged. So, it’s developed a qualitative study on the perception that future teachers of pre-school education have about environmental education in early age and the convenience to create environmental education programs with children just at the moment when they have incorporated into their schools. Based on the ideas given by the professional futures of the teaching of the first school stage, it has been proposed and designed an active program of environmental education, whose main idea was the use of a methodology based on the environmental spaces. The program has been developed so that classrooms could be transformed as spaces of environmental education, in which has worked a topic related to environmental education (recycling, water, biodiversity, pollution, etc.) in each one, determined in each case whether the activity in every space could affect to the planet and measure the intensity degree. Graphically, every space is represented by a circle above the Earth figure and students evaluated if the activity impacts over the characteristics of the planet and sustainable development. The interaction of each environmental space with the planet is represented by a colour concentric circle that surrounds our planet. The impact level is pointed by circles with different colours (green, yellow and red) in order to explain the level of the interaction between the environmental space activity and our planet.El objetivo de este artículo es el diseño de un programa de actuación de educación ambiental en la etapa de educación infantil, en concreto para alumnos/as de 5-6 años. Para ello se ha realizado un estudio cualitativo sobre la percepción que poseen los futuros docentes de educación infantil respecto a la educación ambiental en edades tempranas y sobre la conveniencia y la necesidad de iniciar y crear programas de educación ambiental con niños/as cuando se incorporan a sus centros educativos. A partir de las ideas dadas por los futuros profesionales de la enseñanza de la primera etapa escolar a la que llega nuestro alumnado, se ha planteado y diseñado un programa de educación ambiental participativo, activo y cuya base principal ha sido el empleo de una metodología basada en los espacios ambientales de trabajo. El programa se ha elaborado de manera que las aulas de educación infantil se han transformado en varios espacios de educación ambiental, en el que se ha trabajado un tema relacionado con la educación ambiental (reciclaje, el agua, la biodiversidad, la contaminación, etc.) en cada uno de ellos, determinándose en cada caso si la actividad propia de cada espacio podía afectar a nuestro planeta y en qué grado de intensidad. De forma gráfica, cada espacio se representa con una figura circular por encima de la Tierra y se analiza si perjudica o no a las características del planeta y al desarrollo sostenible. La interacción de cada espacio con el planeta se representa mediante un círculo concéntrico de colores que rodea a nuestro planeta y en el que se indica el nivel en que puede verse afectado el planeta por la actividad a que se dedica cada espaci

Using ITC in order to improve chemistry learning at the university degrees.

Introduction. The teaching of chemistry has several difficulties for several reasons: the lack of interest and motivation in students and little connection between the curriculum of compulsory education and university. This causes a negative idea about Chemistry. For these reasons, it was thought that the use of ICTs could be very beneficial for chemistry teaching and learning. In general, ICT can help us to increase participation of students in the area and would improve the direct intervention of the students which motivates their learning. On the other hand, every students have smartphone and internet access, therefore they are able to take photos, search on internet and download videos. One experience consists of developing a blog, where the students are responsible for the design, development and inclusion of material in the blog. Thus, they are developing the blog and are enhanced since they are looking for materials to include in the blog. On the other hand, it was identified student misconceptions and misinterpretation for Mechanical Engineering students as they are attempting to interpret and explain the chemical processes. Oxidation-reduction reactions were identified the most difficult concept. The objective has been to carry out a proposal for teaching contents of chemistry using didactic resources for virtual environment, the use of a simulation that lets students to construct useful mental models. Experimental – The first experience was based in a comparative test of 10 questions related with the topics of the subject. Two groups of 60 students of Science education have participated. A group of students, who participated, designed and entered the blog and another group that was not involved in the blog. And the second experience, the survey technique was used. The sample consisted of 50 volunteer students from the first course of Mechanical Engineer degree. Both experiences took place during the course 2013/14. Results. The blog study demonstrated that developing blogs by students significantly increased the number scientifically acceptable ideas in student´s conceptions of science. The use of animation has been demonstrated that showing animations to students, allows them to practise, so significantly increased the number of scientifically acceptable ideas in student’s conceptions of redox reactions. Conclusion. The use of either the blog or the simulation can be helpful in improving problem solving. This encourages students to develop new ideas about science, and allow them to create a memory from viewing animations, leading to confirmation or modification of the existing mental model.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Como hacer interesante la Química a los alumnos/as del Grado de Ingeniería Mecánica. Uso de las TIC para favorecer el aprendizaje de los conceptos más difíciles desde el punto de vista de los estudiantes.

Los profesores de Química en la Universidad se encuentran con el problema del escaso interés que, en general, tienen los alumnos/as por esta materia, y sobre todo, los de las titulaciones de Ingeniería que se manifiesta, entre otros aspectos, en un bajo rendimiento académico. Esta falta de interés dificulta su aprendizaje significativo, provocando una adquisición mecánica de conocimientos y escasa retención. Además la Química no es una disciplina fácil. La Química es una ciencia experimental que supone el manejo de conceptos y principios de alto nivel de abstracción cuya comprensión ofrece severas dificultades a muchos estudiantes. La Química va desde un nivel microscópico (concepto de átomos, teorías atómicas, etc.) hasta la perspectiva macroscópica y simbólica (soluciones, equilibrios, etc.). Por todo ello, son numerosos los intentos para motivar al alumnado haciendo atractiva la Química mediante su acercamiento a situaciones cotidianas mostrando la importancia de la Química en nuestra sociedad, o mediante el uso de simulaciones o aplicaciones informáticas, TICs (Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación). La eficacia de estas experiencias va a depender de la conexión entre el fenómeno considerado, el fundamento científico del mismo y el nivel del alumno/a. Por otro lado, un ambiente de aprendizaje enriquecido con TIC juega un papel muy importante en la enseñanza de la Química, permitiendo a los estudiantes acercarse a conceptos más complejos. En este trabajo se presenta una investigación sobre el uso de los simuladores y videos sobre procesos de la vida cotidiana o profesional en los que se llevan a cabo procesos redox para favorecer el aprendizaje de las reacciones de oxidación-reducción. La investigación se ha realizado con estudiantes de la Universidad de Málaga, durante el curso 2015/16. Para estudiar el efecto del uso de las TIC sobre el proceso de aprendizaje los estudiantes de la asignatura cumplimentaron un cuestionario que consta de 10 preguntas, 8 redactadas en forma positiva y 2 en forma negativa, para evitar tendencias al responder. De los resultados obtenidos, la población estudiada considera útil el uso de la aplicación multimedia, aunque no para involucrarse en su estudio, sino para comprender la naturaleza. En líneas generales la mayoría de los alumnos/as encuestados prefiere el uso de las TICs como recurso a la enseñanza en detrimento a la lectura u otros métodos convencionales. Por ello, considera acertado su uso y, además, se muestra a favor de hacer extensivo este método en la enseñanza en otras ramas.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans – anteaters, sloths, and armadillos – have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with 24 domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, ten anteaters, and six sloths. Our dataset includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data-paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the south of the USA, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to its austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n=5,941), and Cyclopes sp. has the fewest (n=240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n=11,588), and the least recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n=33). With regards to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n=962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n=12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other datasets of Neotropical Series which will become available very soon (i.e. Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans dataset

Admission hyperglycaemia as a predictor of mortality in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 regardless of diabetes status: data from the Spanish SEMI-COVID-19 Registry

Background: Hyperglycaemia has emerged as an important risk factor for death in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between blood glucose (BG) levels and in-hospital mortality in non-critically patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Methods: This is a retrospective multi-centre study involving patients hospitalized in Spain. Patients were categorized into three groups according to admission BG levels: 180 mg/dL. The primary endpoint was all-cause in-hospital mortality. Results: Of the 11,312 patients, only 2128 (18.9%) had diabetes and 2289 (20.4%) died during hospitalization. The in-hospital mortality rates were 15.7% (180 mg/dL), p180 mg/dL: HR 1.50; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.31-1.73) (BG 140-180 mg/dL; HR 1.48; 95%CI: 1.29-1.70). Hyperglycaemia was also associated with requirement for mechanical ventilation, intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mortality. Conclusions: Admission hyperglycaemia is a strong predictor of all-cause mortality in non-critically hospitalized COVID-19 patients regardless of prior history of diabetes. KEY MESSAGE Admission hyperglycaemia is a stronger and independent risk factor for mortality in COVID-19. Screening for hyperglycaemia, in patients without diabetes, and early treatment of hyperglycaemia should be mandatory in the management of patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Admission hyperglycaemia should not be overlooked in all patients regardless prior history of diabetes.The study was completely support by the Spanish Federation of Internal Medicine.Ye

Libro de Proyectos Finales 2021 primer semestre

PregradoIngeniero CivilIngeniero de SistemasIngeniero ElectricistaIngeniero ElectrónicoIngeniero IndustrialIngeniero Mecánic

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data