ATXN3 controls DNA replication and transcription by regulating chromatin structure

The deubiquitinating enzyme Ataxin-3 (ATXN3) contains a polyglutamine (PolyQ) region, the expansion of which causes spinocerebellar ataxia type-3 (SCA3). ATXN3 has multiple functions, such as regulating transcription or controlling genomic stability after DNA damage. Here we report the role of ATXN3 in chromatin organization during unperturbed conditions, in a catalytic-independent manner. The lack of ATXN3 leads to abnormalities in nuclear and nucleolar morphology, alters DNA replication timing and increases transcription. Additionally, indicators of more open chromatin, such as increased mobility of histone H1, changes in epigenetic marks and higher sensitivity to micrococcal nuclease digestion were detected in the absence of ATXN3. Interestingly, the effects observed in cells lacking ATXN3 are epistatic to the inhibition or lack of the histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3), an interaction partner of ATXN3. The absence of ATXN3 decreases the recruitment of endogenous HDAC3 to the chromatin, as well as the HDAC3 nuclear/cytoplasm ratio after HDAC3 overexpression, suggesting that ATXN3 controls the subcellular localization of HDAC3. Importantly, the overexpression of a PolyQ-expanded version of ATXN3 behaves as a null mutant, altering DNA replication parameters, epigenetic marks and the subcellular distribution of HDAC3, giving new insights into the molecular basis of the disease.</p

ATXN3 controls DNA replication and transcription by regulating chromatin structure

The deubiquitinating enzyme Ataxin-3 (ATXN3) contains a polyglutamine (PolyQ) region, the expansion of which causes spinocerebellar ataxia type-3 (SCA3). ATXN3 has multiple functions, such as regulating transcription or controlling genomic stability after DNA damage. Here we report the role of ATXN3 in chromatin organization during unperturbed conditions, in a catalytic-independent manner. The lack of ATXN3 leads to abnormalities in nuclear and nucleolar morphology, alters DNA replication timing and increases transcription. Additionally, indicators of more open chromatin, such as increased mobility of histone H1, changes in epigenetic marks and higher sensitivity to micrococcal nuclease digestion were detected in the absence of ATXN3. Interestingly, the effects observed in cells lacking ATXN3 are epistatic to the inhibition or lack of the histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3), an interaction partner of ATXN3. The absence of ATXN3 decreases the recruitment of endogenous HDAC3 to the chromatin, as well as the HDAC3 nuclear/cytoplasm ratio after HDAC3 overexpression, suggesting that ATXN3 controls the subcellular localization of HDAC3. Importantly, the overexpression of a PolyQ-expanded version of ATXN3 behaves as a null mutant, altering DNA replication parameters, epigenetic marks and the subcellular distribution of HDAC3, giving new insights into the molecular basis of the disease.Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigacion´ [PID2019- 109222RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033]; European Union Regional Funds (FEDER) (to R.F., V.A.J.S.); Agencia Canaria de Investigacion, ´ Innovacion´ y Sociedad de la Informacion´ [ProID2020010109]; FEDER (to R.F.); Agencia Canaria de Investigacion, ´ Innovacion´ y European Social Fund integrated Operational programme of the Canary Islands Sociedad de la Informacion´ de la Consejer´ıa de Econom´ıa, Industria, Comercio y Conocimiento and the 2014–2020, Eje 3 Tema Prioritario 74 (85%) (to E.H.C.); Medical Research Council Programme [MR/X006409/1 to K.R.]; Breast Cancer Now [2019DecPR1406 to K.R.]. Funding for open access charge: Agencia Canaria de Investigacion, ´ Innovacion´ y Sociedad de la Informacion´ [ProID2020010109]; European Union Regional Funds (FEDER)

Innovación docente para convencidos : VI Jornadas de Innovación Educativa de la Universidad de La Laguna

Las VI Jornadas de Innovación Educativa representan la continuidad del esfuerzo de la Universidad de La Laguna en su apuesta por la Innovación en el ámbito de la docencia. El profesorado actual debe formarse en los distintos procesos de diseño, puesta en práctica, evaluación y reflexión necesarios para el desempeño docente, así como adquirir competencias pedagógicas diferentes, adaptadas al entorno social y a un alumnado que demanda nuevos modelos de aprendizaje en la universidad. Esta edición de las Jornadas de Innovación se ha centrado en la idea del docente como un profesional convencido y reflexivo, que conoce y valora la importancia de la innovación en la docencia universitaria como medio para alcanzar unos fines que van más allá de transmitir el conocimiento de un repertorio técnico, por más denso y extenso que éste pueda ser, despreciando la posibilidad de enseñar a preguntar más que a responder. La mejora de la calidad educativa está directamente vinculada a un profesorado que aspira a convertirse en un especialista en enfrentarse a situaciones problemáticas de distinta naturaleza, a través de una actividad reflexiva que no se agota en la búsqueda de los medios idóneos para unos fines ya definidos, sino que trasciende hasta la indagación sobre los propios fines

VII Jornadas de Innovación Educativa de la Universidad de La Laguna: imaginar y comprender la innovación en la Universidad

The change of structure and process of the organizations of the current society has generated a great impact in the new way of working. Work teams coordination ensures that a team functions as a unitary whole; is identified as a key process to understand work team effectiveness. This paper presents a brief introduction of the recent research on Work teams in organizations and raises relevant issues about their implications for Pedagogy studies. This paper aims, first, to analyze the potential of team based organizations. And secondly, to examine the effects in pedagogy studies. Coordination is a process that involves the use of strategies and patterns of behavior aimed to integrate actions, knowledge and goals of interdependent members. The tasks have increased its difficulty, doing that individual resolution is very difficult or impossibleUniversidad de La Lagun

Penicillium digitatum, Penicillium italicum (Green Mold, Blue Mold)

Green and blue molds, caused by the pathogens Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum, respectively, are the most economically important postharvest diseases of citrus fruit in all production areas with low summer rainfall. Both fungi are strict wound pathogens that affect all citrus species and cultivars and can infect the fruit in the field, the packing house, and during distribution and marketing. Taxonomy and morphology of the pathogens and factors that can influence fruit infection and disease development are described in this chapter. Penicillium digitatum is the first phytopathogenic Penicillium species whose complete genome has been entirely sequenced. Implications of basic and applied research on host–pathogen interactions and disease control strategies are discussed. Conventional control with postharvest chemical fungicides like imazalil and alternative non-polluting physical, low-toxicity chemical and biological control methods are reviewed. Emphasis is given to advances developed over the last few years. Satisfactory disease control relies on an integrated disease management (IDM) approach in which all preharvest, harvest and postharvest factors are considered