Manual de Agenda Territorial: Para la implementación de políticas públicas de garantías de derechos en niños, niñas y adolescentes

Twelve (12) years after the enactment of Law 1098 of 2006, by which the Code for Children and Adolescents in Colombia is issued, the results of its implementation are scarce, although it has had important advances, such as the adoption of the Public Policy for Children and Adolescents in the department of Córdoba, period 2014-20231, its achievements are not generalized, given the notable social gaps between various sectors of the population in this region of the country.Compliance with Article 1° and 2° of the aforementioned law, has faced major obstacles, largely determined by factors such as the armed conflict, corruption and the increase in both domestic violence and gender-based violence, and the failure to comply with the territorial approach in the areas where these provisions have been implemented; added to the socioeconomic gap between the countryside and the city, which has exacerbated inequalities in the access and realization of children's rights in several regions of the nation, and particularly in the coastal municipalities of the department of Córdoba, among which is the municipality of Puerto Escondido.Doce (12) años después de promulgada la ley 1098 de 2006, por la cual se expide el Código de la Infancia y la Adolescencia en Colombia, son escasos los resultados de su implementación, si bien ha tenido avances importantes, como la adopción de la Política Pública de Infancia y la Adolescencia en el departamento de Córdoba, periodo 2014-20231, sus logros no son generalizados, dada las notables brechas sociales entre diversos sectores de la población de esta región del país.El cumplimiento del artículo 1° y 2° de la precitada ley, ha enfrentado grandes obstáculos, determinados en gran medida por factores como el conflicto armado, la corrupción y el incremento tanto de la violencia intrafamiliar como de las violencias basadas en género, y el incumplimiento del enfoque territorial en las zonas donde se ha implementado estas disposiciones; sumado a la brecha socioeconómica entre el campo y ciudad que ha agudizado las desigualdades en el acceso y realización de los derechos de niños y niñas en varias regiones de la nación, y de manera particular, en los municipios costaneros del departamento de Córdoba, entre los que se encuentra el municipio de Puerto Escondido

4to. Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad. Memoria académica

Este volumen acoge la memoria académica de la Cuarta edición del Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad, CITIS 2017, desarrollado entre el 29 de noviembre y el 1 de diciembre de 2017 y organizado por la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (UPS) en su sede de Guayaquil. El Congreso ofreció un espacio para la presentación, difusión e intercambio de importantes investigaciones nacionales e internacionales ante la comunidad universitaria que se dio cita en el encuentro. El uso de herramientas tecnológicas para la gestión de los trabajos de investigación como la plataforma Open Conference Systems y la web de presentación del Congreso http://citis.blog.ups.edu.ec/, hicieron de CITIS 2017 un verdadero referente entre los congresos que se desarrollaron en el país. La preocupación de nuestra Universidad, de presentar espacios que ayuden a generar nuevos y mejores cambios en la dimensión humana y social de nuestro entorno, hace que se persiga en cada edición del evento la presentación de trabajos con calidad creciente en cuanto a su producción científica. Quienes estuvimos al frente de la organización, dejamos plasmado en estas memorias académicas el intenso y prolífico trabajo de los días de realización del Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad al alcance de todos y todas

Papel de Colgadura, Vol. 18

Las telas y los hilos envuelven nuestras vidas de manera permanente. Estamos tan acostumbrados a su abrigo que les damos por sentado, a tal punto que les hemos hecho invisibles, como el traje nuevo del emperador. No obstante, con telas e hilos hemos hilado e hilvanado memorias, urdido cosmovisiones, remendado economías, anudado travesías por el océano, zurcido saberes, encriptado textos en nuestros bordados o tejidos de punto y cosido afectos por siglos y siglos. Penélope tejía y destejía en tanto esperaba a Ulises, mientras que las Moiras hilaban el destino de los seres humanos al nacer, nuestras comunidades indígenas van tejiendo el pensamiento al anudar hilos en forma de espiral y elaboran mochilas.Hilos que se movilizan: Bordando presencias, Moni Paulino y Silvia Tabakam. Cosamos el parche, Juanita Prieto Macía y Daniel Martín Rincón. El arte relacional, María Viñolo Berenguel. Unión de fragmentos, Ingrid Pabón. Bordar con cuidado: entre la casa y la plaza, Yessica Paola Beltrán Hernández. Vergel, Guadalupe Gómez Verdi. Puertas pa' adentro, Kaira Romero Polanía. El ojo de la aguja, Isabel Cristina Gonzáles. Geneologías textiles: Neywia. Construyendo su misión a partir de pedazos de historias, Karen Castelblanco Villam. Molas, riqueza de una cultura, Montserrat Ordóñez. Entrevista a Meyby Ríos, Margarita Cuéllar Barona. Tejidos subterráneos, Daniel Bustos Echeverry. Entre Costuras: Autoexploraciones textiles, Laura Estefanía Valbuena Acero. ¿Quién soy yo?, yo soy Isa, Isabel Gonzáles Arango. Una trampa más, Miriam Mabel Martínez. El vestido de Ana, Alejandro Martín Maldonado. Quimera, Sebastian Reyes. El problema de la plancha, Alejandra Soler. La muñeca negra, Mary Grueso. La arpillera de mi abuela, Catalina Herrera Osorio. Costuras que cuidan: Sangre de mi sangre, América Larraín Gonzáles. ¿Es terapéutico el bordado?, Valeria Petruzzi. Tejer el duelo, Margarita Cuéllar Barona. El principio: un derecho, un revés, Neil Henry Arenas Camacho. Libertad, Yancy Castillo Jiménez. Manos de mujeres tejiendo historias. Una aproximación al hacer textil desde las labores de cuidado, Carolina Rosa Rincón Rincón. El vestido, Sandra Viviana Rodríguez Castro. Aprender desde el Hacer: 146 Las manualidades en la pedagogía Waldorf, Entrevista a Luz Elena Marulanda, Maestra Waldorf. La aguja subsersiva, Margarita Cuéllar Barona. La Moira, Luis Córdoba Solarte. Costura, maternidad y economía familiar, Iara Sofía Patiño Marroquín. La costurera, Juan David Hurtado Realpe y Daniel Stiven Cabrera Salazar, Margarita, mi flor infinita, Manuela Castro Vargas. Punto a punto: un antes y un después, Luz Karina Cometa Fajardo. Costuras: Pensando el diseño desde los textiles, Eiliana Sánchez Aldana. Querer ver, Annette Rodríguez Fiorillo. El poder de hacer, Paulina Sáchica. Vena Amoris, Juan David Cáceres Murillo. Sin prisa pero sin pausa, María Angélica Moya. Textiles que cuentan: Amor eterno, Alexandra Chocontá Piraquive. Tejiendo mientras se teje, Eliana Sánchez-Aldana. Cartas de amor, Artesanal Tecnológica. Memoria textil de un profesor universitario, Yoseth Ariza Araújo. Hacer (es), Textil (es): Deshilado: destrucción y remiendo cuidadoso en el bordado de calado, Tania Pérez-Bustos. Mi relato bordado, Diana Carolina Castaño García. Mi primer dechado, Laura Forero. Comentarios alrededor de El artesano de Richard Sennett, Diego Cagüeñas

The interplay between functioning problems and symptoms in first episode of psychosis: An approach from network analysis

The relationship between psychotic symptoms and global measures of functioning has been widely studied. No previous study has assessed so far the interplay between specific clinical symptoms and particular areas of functioning in first-episode psychosis (FEP) using network analysis methods. A total of 191 patients with FEP (age 24.45 ± 6.28 years, 64.9% male) participating in an observational and longitudinal study (AGES-CM) comprised the study sample. Functioning problems were assessed with the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS), whereas the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to assess symptom severity. Network analysis were conducted with the aim of analysing the patterns of relationships between the different dimensions of functioning and PANSS symptoms and factors at baseline. According to our results, the most important nodes were “conceptual disorganization”, “emotional withdrawal”, “lack of spontaneity and flow of conversation”, “delusions”, “unusual thought content”, “dealing with strangers” and “poor rapport”. Our findings suggest that these symptoms and functioning dimensions should be prioritized in the clinical assessment and management of patients with FEP. These areas may also become targets of future early intervention strategies, so as to improve quality of life in this population.Depto. de Psicobiología y Metodología en Ciencias del ComportamientoFac. de PsicologíaTRUEpu

Human activities shape global patterns of decomposition rates in rivers

Rivers and streams contribute to global carbon cycling by decomposing immense quantities of terrestrial plant matter. However, decomposition rates are highly variable and large-scale patterns and drivers of this process remain poorly understood. Using a cellulose-based assay to reflect the primary constituent of plant detritus, we generated a predictive model (81% variance explained) for cellulose decomposition rates across 514 globally distributed streams. A large number of variables were important for predicting decomposition, highlighting the complexity of this process at the global scale. Predicted cellulose decomposition rates, when combined with genus-level litter quality attributes, explain published leaf litter decomposition rates with high accuracy (70% variance explained). Our global map provides estimates of rates across vast understudied areas of Earth and reveals rapid decomposition across continental-scale areas dominated by human activities

Global variation in postoperative mortality and complications after cancer surgery: a multicentre, prospective cohort study in 82 countries

© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licenseBackground: 80% of individuals with cancer will require a surgical procedure, yet little comparative data exist on early outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared postoperative outcomes in breast, colorectal, and gastric cancer surgery in hospitals worldwide, focusing on the effect of disease stage and complications on postoperative mortality. Methods: This was a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of consecutive adult patients undergoing surgery for primary breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer requiring a skin incision done under general or neuraxial anaesthesia. The primary outcome was death or major complication within 30 days of surgery. Multilevel logistic regression determined relationships within three-level nested models of patients within hospitals and countries. Hospital-level infrastructure effects were explored with three-way mediation analyses. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03471494. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and Jan 31, 2019, we enrolled 15 958 patients from 428 hospitals in 82 countries (high income 9106 patients, 31 countries; upper-middle income 2721 patients, 23 countries; or lower-middle income 4131 patients, 28 countries). Patients in LMICs presented with more advanced disease compared with patients in high-income countries. 30-day mortality was higher for gastric cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (adjusted odds ratio 3·72, 95% CI 1·70–8·16) and for colorectal cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (4·59, 2·39–8·80) and upper-middle-income countries (2·06, 1·11–3·83). No difference in 30-day mortality was seen in breast cancer. The proportion of patients who died after a major complication was greatest in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (6·15, 3·26–11·59) and upper-middle-income countries (3·89, 2·08–7·29). Postoperative death after complications was partly explained by patient factors (60%) and partly by hospital or country (40%). The absence of consistently available postoperative care facilities was associated with seven to 10 more deaths per 100 major complications in LMICs. Cancer stage alone explained little of the early variation in mortality or postoperative complications. Interpretation: Higher levels of mortality after cancer surgery in LMICs was not fully explained by later presentation of disease. The capacity to rescue patients from surgical complications is a tangible opportunity for meaningful intervention. Early death after cancer surgery might be reduced by policies focusing on strengthening perioperative care systems to detect and intervene in common complications. Funding: National Institute for Health Research Global Health Research Unit

Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 licenseBackground: Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide. Methods: A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study—a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3·85 [95% CI 2·58–5·75]; p<0·0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63·0% vs 82·7%; OR 0·35 [0·23–0·53]; p<0·0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer. Interpretation: Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised. Funding: National Institute for Health and Care Research