Optimal existence classes and nonlinear-like dynamics in the heat equation in Rd

We analyse the behaviour of solutions of the linear heat equation in R d for initial data in the classes M ε (Rd) of Radon measures with ∫ R d e − ε | x | 2 d | u 0 | 0 M ε (Rd) consists precisely of those initial data for which the a solution of the heat equation can be given for all time using the heat kernel representation formula. After considering properties of existence, uniqueness, and regularity for such initial data, which can grow rapidly at infinity, we go on to show that they give rise to properties associated more often with nonlinear models. We demonstrate the finite-time blowup of solutions, showing that the set of blowup points is the complement of a convex set, and that given any closed convex set there is an initial condition whose solutions remain bounded precisely on this set at the ‘blowup time’. We also show that wild oscillations are possible from non-negative initial data as t →∞ (in fact we show that this behaviour is generic), and that one can prescribe the behaviour of u (0 ,t ) to be any real-analytic function γ ( t ) on [0 , ∞ )

Control of a mobile robot through brain computer interface

This paper poses a control interface to com-mand the movement of a mobile robot according to sig-nals captured from the user’s brain. These signals are acquired and interpreted by Emotiv EPOC device, a 14-electrode type sensor which captures electroenceph-alographic (EEG) signals with high resolution, which, in turn, are sent to a computer for processing. One brain-computer interface (BCI) was developed based on the Emotiv software and SDK in order to command the mobile robot from a distance. Functionality tests are performed with the sensor to discriminate shift inten-tions of a user group, as well as with a fuzzy controller to hold the direction in case of concentration loss. As con-clusion, it was possible to obtain an efficient system for robot movementsEn este artículo se presenta una interfaz de control que permite comandar el movimiento de un robot móvil en función de la captura de señales provenientes del cerebro del usuario. Dichas señales son adquiridas e in-terpretadas por medio del dispositivo Emotiv Epoc, el cual cuenta con 14 sensores tipo electrodo que captan señales electroencefalográficas (EEG) de alta resolución, que des-pués son enviadas a un equipo de cómputo para ser pro-cesadas. Se desarrolla una interfaz cerebro-computador (BCI) basada en el software y SDK del desarrollador del Emotiv mediante la cual se comanda de forma remota el robot móvil. Se realizan pruebas de funcionalidad con el sensor para discriminar una intención de desplazamiento por parte de un grupo de usuarios y un controlador difuso para sostener la dirección en casos de perdida de la con-centración. Como conclusión, se logra obtener un sistema eficiente para la manipulación del robo

Resistance training and clinical status in patients with postdischarge symptoms after COVID‑19: protocol for a randomized controlled crossover trial “The EXER‑COVID Crossover Study”

Background: Physical exercise induces a coordinated response of multiple organ systems, including the immune system. In fact, it has been proposed that physical exercise may modulate the immune system. However, the potential effect of an exercise program on COVID-19 survivors has not been investigated. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the modifications in immunological parameters, physical condition, inflammatory profile, and perceived persistent symptoms after 6 weeks of supervised resistance training (RT), in addition to the standard care on the clinical status of patients with persistent COVID-19 symptoms. The objective of this protocol is to describe the scientific rationale in detail and to provide information about the study procedures. Methods/design: A total of 100 patients with postdischarge symptoms after COVID-19 will be randomly allocated into either a group receiving standard care (control group) or a group performing a multicomponent exercise program two times a week over a period of 6 weeks. The main hypothesis is that a 6-week multicomponent exercise program (EXER-COVID Crossover Study) will improve the immunological and inflammatory profile, physical condition, and persistent perceived symptoms (fatigue/tiredness, musculoskeletal pain, and shortness of breath) in patients with postdischarge symptoms after COVID-19. Discussion: Our results will provide insights into the effects of a multicomponent exercise program on immunological parameters, physical condition, inflammatory profile, and persistent perceived symptoms in patients with postdischarge symptoms after COVID-19. Information obtained by this study will inform future guidelines on the exercise training rehabilitation of patients with postdischarge symptoms after COVID-19."Proyectos de I+D+i" de los Programas Estatales de Generacion de Conocimiento y Fortalecimiento Cientifico y Tecnologico del Sistema de I+D+i Orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad, en el marco del Plan Estatal de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnica y de Inno PID2020-113098RB-I0

Lipidomic signatures from physically frail and robust older adults at hospital admission

Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. This study was funded by a Gobierno de Navarra project Resolucion grant 2186/2014 and acknowledged with the "Beca Ortiz de Landazuri" as the best research clinical project in 2014, as well as by a research grant PI17/01814 of the Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad (ISCIII, FEDER). A.G.-H. is a Miguel Servet Fellow (Instituto de Salud Carlos III -CP18/0150). N.M.-V. received funding from "la Caixa" Foundation (ID 100010434), under agreement LCF/PR/PR15/51100006. R.R.-V. is funded in part by a Postdoctoral Fellowship Resolution ID 420/2019 of the Universidad Publica de Navarra.Identifying serum biomarkers that can predict physical frailty in older adults would have tremendous clinical value for primary care, as this condition is inherently related to poor quality of life and premature mortality. We compared the serum lipid profile of physically frail and robust older adults to identify specific lipid biomarkers that could be used to assess physical frailty in older patients at hospital admission. Fortythree older adults (58.1% male), mean (range) age 86.4 (78–100 years) years, were classified as physically frail (n = 18) or robust (n = 25) based on scores from the Short Physical Performance Battery (≤ 6 points). Nontargeted metabolomic study by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) analysis with later bioinformatics data analysis. Once the significantly different metabolites were identified, the KEGG database was used on them to establish which were the metabolic pathways mainly involved. Area under receiver-operating curve (AUROC) analysis was used to test the discriminatory ability of lipid biomarkers for frailty based on the Short Physical Performance Battery. We identified a panel of five metabolites including ceramides Cer (40:2), Cer (d18:1/20:0), Cer (d18:1/23:0), cholesterol, and phosphatidylcholine (PC) (14:0/20:4) that were significantly increased in physically frail older adults compared with robust older adults at hospital admission. The most interesting in the physically frail metabolome study found with the KEGG database were the metabolic pathways, vitamin digestion and absorption, AGERAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, and insulin resistance. In addition, Cer (40:2) (AUROC 0.747), Cer (d18:1/23:0) (AUROC 0.720), and cholesterol (AUROC 0.784) were identified as higher values of physically frail at hospital admission. The non-targeted metabolomic study can open a wide view of the physically frail features changes at the plasma level, which would be linked to the physical frailty phenotype at hospital admission. Also, we propose that metabolome analysis will have a suitable niche in personalized medicine for physically frail older adults.Gobierno de Navarra project Resolucion grant 2186/2014Spanish Government PI17/01814Instituto de Salud Carlos III III -CP18/0150La Caixa Foundation 100010434 LCF/PR/PR15/51100006Universidad Publica de Navarra 420/2019CRUE-CSIC agreementSpringer Natur

Neither Born nor Made, but Socially Constructed: Promoting Interactive Learning in an Online Environment

The social constructivist approach to translator training represents a clear statement on the importance of directing university teachers towards a student-centered, learning centered mode. By acknowledging the fundamental role of Vygotsky in determining his approach, Kiraly brought translator training in line with the established, broad-based humanistic approach to Foreign Language Learning; by drawing on Stevick and Schön, among others, he made this debt explicit.In this article, we apply the social constructivist approach through blended e-learning environments in courses offered to final year undergraduate students of translation. Our objective is to determine the success of combining technology and social constructivist pedagogy in promoting effective learner-centered learning. In Kiraly’s terms, we have “scaffolded” our instruction by applying instruments such as rating scales of criterion-referenced descriptors; textual and visual aids; and learner generated corpora. Our qualitative data is drawn from a variety of interactive formats: whole group online discussions, team-based online discussions, e-mail exchanges and specific “reflective” activities. We conclude that the quality of the “scaffolding” is essential to success in stimulating learning and that the e-learning environment is an excellent medium for the social constructivist approach.L’approche socio-constructiviste dans la formation de traducteurs permet de mettre en évidence l’importance d’orienter la formation universitaire vers un modèle axé sur l’étudiant et l’apprentissage. Tout en reconnaissant le rôle fondamental de Vygotsky comme point de départ de sa démarche, Kiraly attribue à la formation du traducteur une dimension humaniste caractéristique de l’enseignement des langues étrangères et c’est, entre autres, sur la base des travaux de Stevick et Schön qu’il rend explicite son approche.Dans cet article, nous appliquons la démarche socio-constructiviste au domaine de l’enseignement semi-présentiel (blended e-learning) dans les matières de dernière année de la licence de traduction. Notre objectif est de déterminer le succès dans la conjonction de la technologie et la pédagogie socio-constructiviste afin de favoriser l’enseignement axé sur l’apprenant. À l’instar de Kiraly, nous avons développé un « échafaudage » pour la formation à l’aide d’instruments tels qu’un barème de descripteurs, d’aides visuelles et textuelles, ainsi que de corpus constitués par les apprenants. Les données qualitatives sont extraites de différents moyens interactifs : forums, débats en ligne par groupes, échanges de messages de courrier électronique et activités spécifiques de réflexion. Nous concluons que la qualité de « l’échafaudage » est une condition essentielle visant à stimuler l’apprentissage et que le domaine de l’enseignement semi-présentiel constitue une excellente voie pour développer la démarche socio-constructiviste dans la formation des traducteurs

The woman’s researcher tale: A Review of Bibliometric Methods and Results for Studying Gender in Science

In recent years there has been an increase in the research on the gender gap in academia using bibliometric methods and approaches. Following a snowball method to gather literature, this narrative literature review aims at organizing the ideas of this explosion of research in order to find new insights into the research of gender gap in science. We first analyze methodological elements of research (focusing on gender disambiguation techniques, unit of analysis and causality issues). Then we identify the main topics of research and classify them in three groups: differences within academia, causes of those differences and the main consequences they create. Lastly, we highlight the limitations found in the literature and propose new lines of research given each limitation, which encompass a need for more careful methodological approaches, the requirement of a global vision on research, attempting at researching a more diverse range of topics and a guideline to use certain concepts more systematically

Textual and Visual Aids for E-learning Translation Courses

The methodology of an e-learning course is based on the strategies of proactive learning, focused on the student as the key element of an approach to training in which the teacher acts as a facilitator of the learning process. Within the context of the design of a translation course in an e-learning context, the teacher must bear in mind that the student is faced with tasks that require the previous design of aids that help both in the translation process and in the acquisition of field knowledge to carry them out. Furthermore, the design should reflect the new multimedia structures that the information society has brought about.We present a series of activities generated with both visual and textual material implemented in the design of e-learning courses in audiovisual translation (subtitling and multimedia), technical and scientific translation. One of the courses is accessible through the WebCT e-learning platform, another uses the BSCWTM collaborative learning platform and the virtual classroom www.aulaint.ugr.es. The activities are intended to be of use for other subjects too, since they facilitate communication between students and act at the levels of lexical, phraseological, textual and cultural competence. Emphasis is put on the students’ self-assessment of their progress.La méthodologie d’un cours en ligne est basé sur une stratégie d’apprentissage autonome, dont l’étudiant est l’élément clé. Sous cette perspective éducative, le professeur devient l’élément qui facilite le processus d’apprentissage. Dans le contexte de la conception de cours de traduction destinés à l’enseignement en ligne, le professeur doit considérer que l’étudiant affronte des tâches qui requièrent la conception préalable d’activités facilitant aussi bien le processus de traduction proprement dit que l’acquisition de connaissances expertes pour mener à bien ces tâches. En outre, cette conception devrait être le reflet de nouvelles structures multimédias présentes au sein de la société de l’information.Cette étude présente une série d’activités types créées grâce à un matériel aussi bien visuel que textuel et mises en oeuvre pour les matières de traduction scientifique, technique et audiovisuelle. Ces matières sont disponibles sur la plateforme de téléenseignement WebCT. Lesdites activités prétendent être utiles pour d’autres matières puisqu’elles facilitent la communication entre étudiants, tout en développant un cadre méthodologique qui permet d’acquérir des compétences lexicales, phraséologiques, culturelles et textuelles. Dans la conception des activités, l’accent a été mis sur l’autoévaluation de la part des étudiants

Mapping Earth Analogs from Photometric Variability: Spin-Orbit Tomography for Planets in Inclined Orbits

Aiming at obtaining detailed information of surface environment of Earth analogs, Kawahara & Fujii (2011) proposed an inversion technique of annual scattered light curves named the spin-orbit tomography (SOT), which enables one to sketch a two-dimensional albedo map from annual variation of the disk-integrated scattered light, and demonstrated the method with a planet in a face-on orbit. We extend it to be applicable to general geometric configurations, including low-obliquity planets like the Earth in inclined orbits. We simulate light curves of the Earth in an inclined orbit in three photometric bands (0.4-0.5um, 0.6-0.7um, and 0.8-0.9um) and show that the distribution of clouds, snow, and continents is retrieved with the aid of the SOT. We also demonstrate the SOT by applying it to an upright Earth, a tidally locked Earth, and Earth analogs with ancient continental configurations. The inversion is model independent in the sense that we do not assume specific albedo models when mapping the surface, and hence applicable in principle to any kind of inhomogeneity. This method can potentially serve as a unique tool to investigate the exohabitats/exoclimes of Earth analogs.Comment: 15 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables; published in The Astrophysical Journa

Análisis situacional de la migración venezolana en el Municipio de Yumbo Valle del Cauca en relación al Estatuto temporal especial migrante expedido por el Estado Colombiano período 2020 - 2021.

Pues se ve muy oportuno y de mucha actualidad el profundizar de manera ordenada en esta pregunta y se plantea el siguiente objetivo general: Conocer los mecanismos y garantías que ha conferido el Gobierno Nacional con base a la situación de la migración venezolana en el Municipio de Yumbo Valle del Cauca en relación al Estatuto temporal especial migrante expedido por el Estado Colombiano período 2020 - 2021. Y esto ha llevado a trasegar en tres estrategias u objetivos muy específicos, donde primeramente se quieren conocer que acciones viene realizando el Estado Colombiano para el buen desarrollo e implementación del Nuevo Estatuto Temporal para los Inmigrantes Venezolanos que estaban asentados en Colombia y en especial dentro del Municipio de Yumbo Valle, tomando esta localidad como una muestra real de lo que se viene adelantando con las diferentes acciones con base a este tema en específico. Se realizaron algunas entrevistas de funcionarios públicos como el jefe de la secretaria de Bienestar Social y la Personera Municipal que tiene dentro de sus funciones el velar por los derechos humanos de todos y cada uno de los habitantes de esa localidad. Como segundo objetivo específico se buscó determinar el impacto socioeconómico que ha generado esta población migrante dentro del Municipio de Yumbo y se contó con el apoyo de algunos habitantes y lideres sociales que conoces y viven la realidad en las calles, donde todos coincidieron en que esta población influyó en aumentar los indicadores de pobreza, generadores de violencia, desplazamientos y aumento del trabajo informal, entre otros factores. Y un tercer y último objetivo específico y fue el poder identificar los potenciales riesgos dentro de este proceso de inmigración frente a la presencia de ciudadanos venezolanos en el municipio de Yumbo, siendo la disminución del cumplimiento por parte del Estado en cuanto a satisfacer las necesidades básicas de los moradores de este Municipio, ya que todos los índices de pobreza e informalidad se elevaron de una manera desorbitante.Well, it seems very opportune and very topical to delve into this question in an orderly manner and the following general objective is proposed: Know the mechanisms and guarantees that the National Government has conferred based on the situation of Venezuelan migration in the Municipality of Yumbo Valle del Cauca in relation to the temporary special migrant Statute issued by the Colombian State for the period 2020 - 2021. And this has led to transferring three very specific strategies or objectives, where first they want to know what actions the Colombian State has been carrying out for the good development and implementation of the New Temporary Statute for Venezuelan Immigrants who were settled in Colombia and especially within the Municipality of Yumbo Valle, taking this town as a real example of what is being done with the different actions based on this specific issue. Some interviews were conducted with public officials such as the head of the Social Welfare Secretary and the Municipal Ombudsman whose duties include ensuring the human rights of each and every one of the inhabitants of that town. As a second specific objective, we sought to determine the socioeconomic impact that this migrant population has generated within the Municipality of Yumbo and had the support of some inhabitants and social leaders that you know and live reality on the streets, where everyone agreed that this population influenced to increase the indicators of poverty, generators of violence, displacements and increase of informal work, among other factors. And a third and last specific objective was to be able to identify the potential risks within this immigration process in the presence of Venezuelan citizens in the municipality of Yumbo, being the decrease in compliance by the State in terms of satisfying basic needs. of the inhabitants of this Municipality, since all the indices of poverty and informality rose in an exorbitant way

La obtención de aceite purificado a partir de aceites usados de cocina para la construcción de una estrategia de enseñanza

Los impactos ambientales adversos a causa de los aceites usados de cocina, que son arrojados a los desagües, y desembocan en las fuentes hídricas, son una amenaza para los ecosistemas. Si se trata fisicoquímicamente estos aceites, son la materia prima para muchos productos, como por ejemplo, jabón o biodiesel. En las instituciones educativas de educación media, donde se profundiza en áreas de las ciencias naturales y educación ambiental, se puede establecer relaciones didácticas entre el impacto ambiental de los aceites usados de cocina y la enseñanza-aprendizaje de conceptos fisicoquímicos relacionados con la purificación y control de calidad de los aceites. Por lo anterior se estableció la siguiente pregunta problema: “¿Cómo la obtención de aceite purificado, representa una alternativa, fundamentada en el aprendizaje basado en problemas (ABP), para la enseñanza de procesos fisicoquímicos de la purificación y control de calidad de los aceites usados en estudiantes de educación media?” A través del ABP, se diseñó una estrategia didáctica para la enseñanza de conceptos físicos y químicos, por medio de una metodología mixta, la cual buscó tener un conocimiento más amplio y completo del proyecto de investigación. La estrategia de enseñanza y los instrumentos utilizados en este proyecto de intervención educativo, consta, en la primera fase de actividades de motivación y contextualización, en la segunda fase, se presentan cuatro problemas de conceptos físicos, químicos, de propiedades organolépticas y de técnicas de separación de mezclas. Los estudiantes cuentan con material de apoyo, guías de laboratorio ya normalizadas, donde encuentran, entre otras cosas, buenas prácticas de laboratorio y cuestionarios, relacionados con el tema.In the consumer society, the use of oil of animal and vegetable origin, for all cooking processes in general, and frying in particular, is used in small portions, but constantly, which added to all the families, fast food places, and restaurants in general, results in large amounts of oil, which are poured into the drains. Since oil is a non-polar substance and water is a polar substance, they are not miscible. This generates a heterogeneous mixture, with the less dense oil being on the surface and the denser water below (Bravo Herrera, Osorno Sánchez, & Salgado Bervis, 2016). This results in physicochemical alterations in water sources, causing negative consequences in ecosystems