Síndrome de Burnout en estudiantes de último curso de las carreras de Medicina, Psicología y Enfermería de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua, León en el año 2011 y su influencia en el rendimiento académico

Tesis (Dr. Médico y Cirujano)-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua, LeónUNAN-Leó

The role of tropical small-scale fisheries in trace element delivery for a Small Island Developing State community, the Seychelles

International audienceThe concentrations of 13 trace elements were determined in 1032 muscles of 54 small-scale fisheries species collected from the Seychelles waters between 2013 and 2019. Overall, profiles were dominated by zinc (Zn) > arsenic (As) > iron (Fe) > copper (Cu) > selenium (Se), with the spiny lobsters, spanner crab and octopus exhibiting the highest levels of As, Cu and Zn while fish had higher Fe concentrations. Both taxonomy-dependent processes and ecological factors explained the interspecific differences of trace element profiles observed. A benefit-risk assessment revealed that crustaceans and cephalopods were good sources of Cu and Zn. One portion of any fish could provide 30–100 % of daily Se needs, and one portion of demersal and pelagic teleost fish could bring 5–20 % of Cu, Fe and Zn needs, especially for young adult and adult women. Finally, our analysis showed that there was very low health risks associated with small-scale fisheries consumption for the Seychelles population.population

Magnetically responsive dry fluids

Ferrofluids and dry magnetic particles are two separate classes of magnetic materials with specific niche applications, mainly due to their distinct viscosity and interparticle distances. For practical applications, the stability of these two properties is highly desirable but hard to achieve. Conceptually, a possible solution to this problem would be encapsulating the magnetic particles but keeping them free to rotate inside a capsule with constant interparticle distances and thus shielded from changes in the viscosity of the surrounding media. Here we present an example of such materials by the encapsulation of magnetic ferrofluids into highly hydrophobic silica, leading to the formation of dry ferrofluids, i.e., a material behaving macroscopically as a dry powder but locally as a ferrofluid where magnetic nanoparticles are free to rotate in the liquid

FasTag: Automatic text classification of unstructured medical narratives.

Unstructured clinical narratives are continuously being recorded as part of delivery of care in electronic health records, and dedicated tagging staff spend considerable effort manually assigning clinical codes for billing purposes. Despite these efforts, however, label availability and accuracy are both suboptimal. In this retrospective study, we aimed to automate the assignment of top-level International Classification of Diseases version 9 (ICD-9) codes to clinical records from human and veterinary data stores using minimal manual labor and feature curation. Automating top-level annotations could in turn enable rapid cohort identification, especially in a veterinary setting. To this end, we trained long short-term memory (LSTM) recurrent neural networks (RNNs) on 52,722 human and 89,591 veterinary records. We investigated the accuracy of both separate-domain and combined-domain models and probed model portability. We established relevant baseline classification performances by training Decision Trees (DT) and Random Forests (RF). We also investigated whether transforming the data using MetaMap Lite, a clinical natural language processing tool, affected classification performance. We showed that the LSTM-RNNs accurately classify veterinary and human text narratives into top-level categories with an average weighted macro F1 score of 0.74 and 0.68 respectively. In the "neoplasia" category, the model trained on veterinary data had a high validation accuracy in veterinary data and moderate accuracy in human data, with F1 scores of 0.91 and 0.70 respectively. Our LSTM method scored slightly higher than that of the DT and RF models. The use of LSTM-RNN models represents a scalable structure that could prove useful in cohort identification for comparative oncology studies. Digitization of human and veterinary health information will continue to be a reality, particularly in the form of unstructured narratives. Our approach is a step forward for these two domains to learn from and inform one another

Joining Time-Resolved Thermometry and Magnetic-Induced Heating in a Single Nanoparticle Unveils Intriguing Thermal Properties

International audienceWhereas efficient and sensitive nanoheaters and nanothermometers are demanding tools in modern bio- and nanomedicine, joining both features in a single nanoparticle still remains a real challenge, despite the recent progress achieved, most of it within the last year. Here we demonstrate a successful realization of this challenge. The heating is magnetically induced, the temperature readout is optical, and the ratiometric thermometric probes are dual-emissive Eu3+/Tb3+ lanthanide complexes. The low thermometer heat capacitance (0.021·K–1) and heater/thermometer resistance (1 K·W–1), the high temperature sensitivity (5.8%·K–1 at 296 K) and uncertainty (0.5 K), the physiological working temperature range (295–315 K), the readout reproducibility (>99.5%), and the fast time response (0.250 s) make the heater/thermometer nanoplatform proposed here unique. Cells were incubated with the nanoparticles, and fluorescence microscopy permits the mapping of the intracellular local temperature using the pixel-by-pixel ratio of the Eu3+/Tb3+ intensities. Time-resolved thermometry under an ac magnetic field evidences the failure of using macroscopic thermal parameters to describe heat diffusion at the nanoscale

Habitat degradation increases interspecific trophic competition between three spiny lobster species in Seychelles

International audienceSpiny lobsters (P. penicillatus, P. longipes and P. versicolor) are heavily dependent on habitats like coral reefs, known to be highly vulnerable to climate change-driven degradation. Yet, little is known about their trophic ecology and their adaptive capacity to a changing environment. In this study, we used fatty acids (FA) analysed in the hepatopancreas and δ13C and δ15N stable isotopes analysed in the tail muscle of three spiny lobster species from the Seychelles coastal waters to (1) infer habitat use, dietary patterns and potential for resource competition and (2) investigate the effects of reef type and coral bleaching on their trophic niche metrics. We found that there was a potential for interspecific competition between the three species, shown by their high dietary overlap (mean FA niche overlap ranging from 71.2% to 99.5% for P. longipes and P. versicolor in P. penicillatus) and similar habitat use (δ13C value ranges). P. penicillatus, the largest of the three species, was more a generalist than the two other species (i.e., had a larger FA niche) and P. versicolor seemed to feed on smaller/earlier life stage prey than P. longipes (based on differences in δ15N values). The potential for resource competition of Seychelles spiny lobsters appeared higher in granite than carbonate reefs, and in post-2016 coral bleaching reefs. Our results suggest that P. penicillatus could have a greater adaptive capacity to climate change due to its higher dietary plasticity and that competition between Seychelles spiny lobsters may increase in the future as the frequency and severity of bleaching events is predicted to increase with climate change

Advancing tools for human early lifecourse exposome research and translation (ATHLETE): Project overview

Early life stages are vulnerable to environmental hazards and present important windows of opportunity for lifelong disease prevention. This makes early life a relevant starting point for exposome studies. The Advancing Tools for Human Early Lifecourse Exposome Research and Translation (ATHLETE) project aims to develop a toolbox of exposome tools and a Europe-wide exposome cohort that will be used to systematically quantify the effects of a wide range of community- and individual-level environmental risk factors on mental, cardiometabolic, and respiratory health outcomes and associated biological pathways, longitudinally from early pregnancy through to adolescence. Exposome tool and data development include as follows: (1) a findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable (FAIR) data infrastructure for early life exposome cohort data, including 16 prospective birth cohorts in 11 European countries; (2) targeted and nontargeted approaches to measure a wide range of environmental exposures (urban, chemical, physical, behavioral, social); (3) advanced statistical and toxicological strategies to analyze complex multidimensional exposome data; (4) estimation of associations between the exposome and early organ development, health trajectories, and biological (metagenomic, metabolomic, epigenetic, aging, and stress) pathways; (5) intervention strategies to improve early life urban and chemical exposomes, co-produced with local communities; and (6) child health impacts and associated costs related to the exposome. Data, tools, and results will be assembled in an openly accessible toolbox, which will provide great opportunities for researchers, policymakers, and other stakeholders, beyond the duration of the project. ATHLETE's results will help to better understand and prevent health damage from environmental exposures and their mixtures from the earliest parts of the life course onward.ISGlobal acknowledges support from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities through the “Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2019–2023” Program (CEX2018-000806-S) and support from the Generalitat de Catalunya through the Centres de Recerca de Catalunya Program. We acknowledge collaboration with European projects, specifically: Human Early Life Exposome (HELIX) (FP7 grant agreement number 308333), LifeCycle (H2020 grant agreement number 733206), and Connecting Europe and Canada in personalized health (EUCAN-Connect) (H2020 Grant Agreement number 824989). The Born in Bradford (BiB) cohort is only possible because of the enthusiasm and commitment of the Children and Parents in BiB. We are grateful to all the participants, health professionals, and researchers who have made BiB happen. The BiB cohort is only possible because of the enthusiasm and commitment of the children and parents in BiB. We are grateful to all the participants, health professionals, schools, and researchers who have made BiB happen. BiB has received funding from the Wellcome Trust (101597), a joint grant from the UK Medical Research Council and UK Economic and Social Science Research Council (MR/N024391/1), a British Heart Foundation Clinical Study grant (CS/16/4/32482). The Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study is supported by the Norwegian Ministry of Health and Care Services and the Ministry of Education and Research. We are grateful to all the participating families in Norway who take part in this ongoing cohort study. The Danish National Birth Cohort was established with a significant grant from the Danish National Research Foundation. Additional support was obtained from the Danish Regional Committees, the Pharmacy Foundation, the Egmont Foundation, the March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation, the Health Foundation, and other minor grants. The Danish National Birth Cohort Biobank has been supported by the Novo Nordisk Foundation and the Lundbeck Foundation. Follow-up of mothers and children have been supported by the Danish Medical Research Council (SSVF 0646, 271-08-0839/06-066023, O602-01042B, 0602-02738B); the Lundbeck Foundation (195/04, R100-A9193); The Innovation Fund Denmark 0603-00294B (09-067124); the Nordea Foundation (02-2013-2014); Aarhus Ideas (AU R9-A959-13-S804); University of Copenhagen Strategic Grant (IFSV 2012); and the Danish Council for Independent Research (DFF—4183-00594 and DFF—4183-00152). The general design of the Generation R Study is made possible by financial support from the Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw), Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport, and Ministry of Youth and Families. This project received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (LIFECYCLE, grant agreement number 733206, 2016; EUCAN-Connect grant agreement number 824989; ATHLETE, grant agreement number 874583). We gratefully acknowledge the contribution of participants, research collaborators, general practitioners, hospitals, midwives, and pharmacies in Rotterdam. The INfancia y Medio Ambiente cohort (INMA) Sababell study was funded by grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Red INMA G03/176; CB06/02/0041; PI041436; PI081151 incl. Fondo Europeo de Desarollo Regional (FEDER) funds; PI12/01890 incl. FEDER funds; CP13/00054 incl. FEDER funds; PI15/00118 incl. FEDER funds; CP16/00128 incl. FEDER funds; PI16/00118 incl. FEDER funds; PI16/00261 incl. FEDER funds; PI17/01340 incl. FEDER funds, PI18/00547 incl. FEDER funds, PI20/01695 incl. FEDER funds), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Generalitat de Catalunya-Comissió Interdepartamental de Recerca i Innovació Tecnològia 1999SGR 00241, Generalitat de Catalunya-Agencia de Gestión de Ayudas Universitarias y de Investigación (2009 SGR 501, 2014 SGR 822), Fundació La Marató de TV3 (090430), Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (SAF2012-32991 incl. FEDER funds), Agence Nationale de Securite Sanitaire de l’Alimentation de l’Environnement et du Travail (1262C0010; EST-2016 RF-21, EST-19 RF-04), and the European Commission (261357, 308333, 603794 and 634453). The INMA Valencia study was supported by grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (FIS-FEDER: 13/2032, 13/1944, 14/00891, 16/1288, 17/00663, and 19/1338; Miguel Servet-FSE: CP15/0025 and MSII16/00051, 00051, and MSII20/0006), Alicia Koplowitz Foundation 2017, Generalitat Valenciana (AICO/2020/285), and Spanish Association Against Cancer (AECC) “Seed Ideas” 2019 (IDEAS19098LOPE). INMA Gipuzkoa was funded by grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (FIS-PI06/0867, FIS-PI09/00090, FIS-PI13/02187, and FIS-PI18/01142 incl. FEDER funds), CIBERESP, Department of Health of the Basque Government (2005111093, 2009111069, 2013111089, and 2015111065), and the Provincial Government of Gipuzkoa (DFG06/002, DFG08/001, and DFG15/221) and annual agreements with the municipalities of the study area (Zumarraga, Urretxu, Legazpi, Azkoitia y Azpeitia y Beasain). The Sepages cohort would like to thank the Grenoble University Hospital (CHU-GA) biobank (bb-0033-00069). We thank the Sepages Study group (E. Eyriey, P. Hoffmann, E. Hullo, J. Lepeule, C. Llerena, S. Lyon-Caen, X. Morin, A. Morlot, C. Philippat, I. Pin, J. Quentin, V. Siroux, R. Slama) and the participants of the Suivi de l’Exposition à la Pollution Atmosphérique durant la Grossesse et Effets sur la Santé (SEPAGES) study. We acknowledge support from Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Région, Soutien aux coopérations universitaires et scientifiques internationales fund to support collaborations between Catalunya and Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. SEPAGES cohort was supported by the European Research Council (consolidator grant N 311765-E-DOHaD, Principal Investigator [PI], R. Slama), by French National Research Agency (ANR), the ANR (Pregnancy, Air Pollution, Epigenetics and Respiratory health project ANR-12-PDOC-0029-01, PI, J. Lepeule; A Longitudinal Analysis of Effects of Early Life Exposure to Phenols on Health in Humans project, 14-CE21-0007-01, PI, R. Slama; Gut Microbiota in early childhood and Maternal Environmental exposures project, PI, R. Slama; Prenatal Exposure to Tobacco smoking and Air Pollution and Effects on offspring respiratory and neurodevelopmental outcomes ANR 18-CE36-005, PI, J. Lepeule). The Central European Longitudinal Study of Pregnacy and Childhood: The Next Generation (TNG) cohort is supported by the RECETOX research infrastructure (the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic: LM2018121) and the CETOCOEN EXCELLENCE Teaming 2 project of European Union (EU) Horizon 2020 (857560) and the MEYS of the Czech Republic (02.1.01/0.0/0.0/18_ 046/0015975). The Barcelona Life Study Cohort has received funding from European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement number (785994) (Prenatal exposure to urban air pollution and pre and post-natal brain development project) and from the Health Effects Institute (HEI) under Agreement number 4959-RFPA15-1/18-1 (FRONTIER project). Genotyping in the HELIX study was supported by project PI17/01225 (Instituto de Salud Carlos III, co-funded by European Union [European Regional Development Fund], “A way to make Europe”) and the Centro Nacional de Genotipado-CEGEN (PRB2-ISCIII). The Nascita e Infanzia: gli Effetti dell’Ambiente cohort was partially funded by the Compagnia SanPaolo Foundation and the Piedmont Region. The Piccolipiù project was funded by the Italian National Center for Disease Prevention and Control (National Centre for Disease Prevention and Control grants years 2010 and 2014) and by the Italian Ministry of Health (art 12 and 12 bis D.lgs 502/92). The Perturbateurs Endocriniens: Étude Longitudinale sur les Anomalies de la Grossesse, l’Infertilité et l’Enfance study is supported by National Institute of Health and Medical Research and has received multiple funds from the ANR, the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), the Fondation de France, the National Institute for Public Health Surveillance (InVS), the French, Ministry of Labor, the French Ministry of Health, and the French Ministry of Ecology. DataSHIELD is funded under a group of projects that underpin a program of development and application of secure methods for co-analysis, data sharing, and visualization in the Population Health Sciences Institute at Newcastle University (United Kingdom). These include: the “Connected Health Cities project” (North East and North Cumbria) funded by the UK Department of Health (RES/0150/7943/202); the “EUCanConnect project” (European Commission H2020 Flagship Collaboration with Canada); the “58FORWARDS project” (Fostering new Opportunities for Researchers via Wider Access to Research Data and Samples) funded jointly by the Wellcome Trust and the Medical Research Council (108439/Z/15/Z); and the “METADAC project” (Managing Ethico-social, Technical and Administrative issues in Data ACcess) funded jointly by the Medical Research Council, the Wellcome Trust, and the Economic and Social Research Council (MR/N01104X/1 and MR/N01104X/2). We acknowledge the Molecular Genetics Information System team, including Fleur Kelpin, Tommy de Boer, Mariska Slofstra, Connor Stroomberg, Jelmer Veen, Jeroen van Veen, Fernanda de Andrade, Marije van der Geest, Dieuwke Roelofs-Prins, Dennis Hendriksen, Bart Charbon, Joeri van der Velde, Max Postema, Erik Schaberg, Christiaan Hilbrands, Alexander Kellmann, and Luuk Dijkhuis