Comparison of Three-Dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography and Two-Dimensional Echocardiography for Evaluation of Left Atrial Size and Function in Healthy Volunteers (Results from the MAGYAR-Healthy Study)

This thesis explores the possibilities of constructing an indoor positioning system based on Bluetooth Smart technology. Two non-trainable trilateration approaches and two trainable fingerprinting were implemented and evaluated at Mobiento's offices in Stockholm, Sweden. A trilateration approach is based on finding a sought location based on known distances towards know locations, at least three locations and distances are needed. A fingerprinting approach is based on creating a radio map, which describes transmission signals within the room, towards different transmitters. A set amount of coordinates are assigned a fingerprint. These are then used as reference points for a sought location. For each major approach, trilateration and fingerprinting, a weighted approach is conducted. These approaches are evaluated in a disturbance free environment in term of accuracy, implementation and setup. In terms of accuracy, the non-weighted fingerprinting approach performs slightly better than the weighted fingerprinting approaches. Both of these are more accurate than the trilateration approaches. When it comes to implementation and setup, the trilateration algorithms impose less cost. These allow for better scalability when the indoor environment becomes larger.

Novel echocardiographic techniques to assess left atrial size, anatomy and function

Three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) and speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) have recently applied as imaging techniques to accurately evaluate left atrial (LA) size, anatomy and function. 3DE and off-line quantification softwares, have allowed, in comparison to magnetic resonance imaging, the most time-efficient and accurate method of LA volume quantification. STE provides a non-Doppler, angle-independent and objective quantification of LA myocardial deformation. Data regarding feasibility, accuracy and clinical applications of LA analysis by 3DE and STE are rapidly gathering. This review describes the fundamental concepts of LA 3DE and STE, illustrates how to obtain respective measurements and discuss their recognized and emerging clinical applications