Instrumentos que avaliam o vínculo materno e os riscos de alteração no desenvolvimento infantil

This study was part of the activities developed at the Master of Medicine of the Maternal and Child Health Program of the Federal University of Ceará, Brazil. Objective: To evaluate the bibliographic consistency of the Maternal Attachment Perception Inventory (MAPI) and the Survey of Wellbeing of Young Children (SWYC), indicating reliability and validity information about their measurements. Methods: This is a review study, conducted from February to December of 2017, in the bases of the CAPES journals, the Virtual Health Library (LILACS, MEDLINE and IBECS), Pubmed and Scielo. Results: It was found that these investigative instruments are very necessary in research involving public health, as they are useful for early identification of risks in child health, as well as identify and strengthen family ties of care for children from zero to three years. Conclusion: It was concluded that SWYC is considered a very useful instrument for surveillance of neuropsychomotor, socioemotional and behavioral development, and is also an important indicator of children’s life context. The MAPI proved to be consistent to assess the attachment of mothers of children from six to thirteen years of age, indicating high reliability, however, we indicate the need for further research with this instrument in Brazil, in order to enable its validation. Both instruments proved to be useful in primary care because they are easily accessible, viable, inexpensive and easy to apply, as well as being technically effective and widely used.Este estudo fez parte das atividades desenvolvidas no Mestrado de Medicina do Programa de saúde Materno Infantil da Universidade Federal do Ceará, no Brasil. Objetivo. Avaliar a consistência bibliográfica do inventário de percepção de vinculação materna (IPVM) e do Survey of Wellbeing of Young Children (SWYC), apontando informações de confiabilidade e validade sobre suas medidas. Métodos: Este é um estudo de revisão, realizado no período de fevereiro a dezembro do ano de 2017, nas bases dos periódicos CAPES, na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (LILACS, MEDLINE e IBECS), no Pubmed e Scielo. Resultados: Constatou-se que esses instrumentos investigativos são bastante necessários nas pesquisas que envolvem saúde pública, por serem úteis para identificação precoce de riscos na saúde da criança, como também identificar e fortalecer os vínculos familiares dos cuidados das crianças de zero a três anos. Conclusão: Concluiu-se que o SWYC é tido como um instrumento bastante útil para vigilância do desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor, socioemocional e de comportamento, sendo também um importante sinalizador do contexto de vida das crianças. O IPVM mostrou-se consistente para avaliar a vinculação das mães de crianças de seis a treze anos de idade, denotando elevada fidedignidade, contudo indicamos a necessidades de novas pesquisas com este instrumento no Brasil, a fim de possibilitar a sua validação.Os dois instrumentos se mostraram úteis na atenção primária, por serem de fácil acesso, viáveis, de baixo custo e fácil aplicação, além de possuírem eficácia técnica e poderem ser utilizados em larga escala

Professores e Alunos: o engendramento da violência da escola

The school violence engendering is partially analyzed, considering the violence production in the school environment. This is a bibliographic research with quantitative and qualitative approach. Sources: 77 theses and 15 dissertations carried out in Brazil (2007 to 2012). Data collection and organization: Content Analysis. Main reference: Bernard Charlot and Pierre Bourdieu. Results: the sources showed that Brazilian teachers participate effectively in the school violence engendering, contributing to violence production in the school environment. The students are the main victims. The teacher is less affected by physical and verbal violence. The symbolic power is the most perpetrated by the teacher against the student. The school also plays a major role in it.Analisa-se o engendramento de uma face da violência da escola, tendo em vista a produção da violência em espaço escolar. Pesquisa bibliográfica quanti-qualitativa. Fontes: 77 dissertações e 15 teses produzidas no Brasil (2007 a 2012). Coleta e organização dos dados: Análise de Conteúdo. Fundamentação base: Bernard Charlot e Pierre Bourdieu. Resultados: as fontes apontaram que professores brasileiros são protagonistas na constituição da violência da escola, contribuindo para a produção da violência em espaço escolar. Os alunos são as principais vítimas dessa violência. O professor sofre menos violência física e verbal do que o aluno. A violência simbólica é a mais usada pelo professor contra o aluno. A escola também usa desse expediente

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data