39 research outputs found

    QUALIDADE MICROBIOLÓGICA, FÍSICO-QUÍMICA E SENSORIAL DE COOKIES ENRIQUECIDOS COM FARINHA DE BARU

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    The baru (Dipteryx alata) is a tree found in the Brazilian Cerrado region and is part of the group of native species used by the regional population as a source of family income. Much is said about the use of chestnuts in human health, since it has antioxidant properties, rich in vitamin E and its seeds are used to extract an aromatic oil used against muscle pain and rheumatism. In addition, its seeds are sources of lipids and protein and some studies show that it is effective in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, reduces the risk of Alzheimer's, diabetes, cholesterol and cardiovascular diseases. Currently, the consumption of nuts and their association with different foods has increased. Cookies type cookies are widely consumed and well accepted, especially among children and have been modified with different types of nuts and other cereals with the intention of making them sources of fiber or protein. The objective of this work was to develop a tasty product, easy to prepare and with high nutritional value based on baru flour. Three treatments were elaborated: T1 (25% baru flour), T2 (50% baru flour) and T3 (100% wheat flour). The parameters of pH, titratable acidity, moisture and total solids were evaluated. Microbiological analyzes were performed to determine total coliform contamination at 35°C (NPM/g) in different cookie formulations and sensory acceptance tests were performed with 50 untrained panelists using a 9-point structured hedonic scale. The results of these interactions and their acceptance with potential consumers were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey's test at a significance level of 5% using the R version 3.4.3 program. The microbiological analyzes of the treatments showed low levels of contamination by total coliforms and the results of the physical-chemical analyzes indicated that the samples were within the parameters established by Brazilian legislation. Keywords: Cookies. Brazilian Cerrado. Oilseeds. Lipids.O baru (Dipteryx alata) é uma árvore encontrada na região de Cerrado brasileiro e faz parte do grupo das espécies nativas usadas pela população regional como fonte de renda familiar. Muito se diz sobre a utilização das castanhas na saúde humana, uma vez que possui propriedades antioxidantes, rica em vitamina E e suas sementes são utilizadas para a extração de um óleo aromático usado contra dores musculares e reumatismo. Além disso, suas sementes são fontes de lipídios e proteína e alguns estudos mostram que apresenta uma eficácia no tratamento de distúrbios gastrointestinais, diminui riscos de Alzheimer, diabetes, colesterol e doenças cardiovasculares. Atualmente, tem aumentado o consumo de castanhas e a sua associação com diferentes alimentos. Biscoitos do tipo cookies apresentam grande consumo e boa aceitação sobretudo entre as crianças e têm sido modificados com diferentes tipos de castanhas e demais cereais com a intenção de torná-los fontes de fibras ou proteínas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um produto saboroso, de fácil preparo e com elevado valor nutritivo à base de farinha de baru. Foram elaborados três tratamentos: T1 (25% de farinha de baru), T2 (50% de farinha de baru) e T3 (100% de farinha de trigo). Foram avaliados os parâmetros de pH, acidez titulável, umidade e sólidos totais. Foram realizadas análises microbiológicas para determinar a contaminação por coliformes totais a 35°C (NPM/g) nas diferentes formulações de cookies e testes de aceitação sensorial com 50 provadores não treinados utilizando-se uma escala hedônica estruturada de 9 pontos. Os resultados dessas interações e sua aceitação junto aos potenciais consumidores foram submetidos a análise de variância e teste de Tukey em nível de significância de 5% utilizando o programa R version 3.4.3. As análises microbiológicas dos tratamentos apresentaram baixos índices de contaminação por coliformes totais e os resultados das análises físico-químicas indicaram que as amostras se encontravam dentro dos parâmetros estabelecidos pela legislação brasileira. Palavras-chave: Biscoitos. Cerrado Brasileiro. Oleaginosas. Lipídeos

    Exercise training improves sleep pattern and metabolic profile in elderly people in a time-dependent manner

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    Aging and physical inactivity are two factors that favors the development of cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabetes, and sleep dysfunction. in contrast, the adoption a habitual of moderate exercise may present a non-pharmacological treatment alternative for sleep and metabolic disorders. We aimed to assess the effects of moderate exercise training on sleep quality and on the metabolic profile of elderly people with a sedentary lifestyle. Fourteen male sedentary, healthy, elderly volunteers performed moderate training for 60 minutes/day, 3 days/week for 24 wk at a work rate equivalent to the ventilatory aerobic threshold. the environment was kept at a temperature of 23 +/- 2 degrees C, with an air humidity 60 +/- 5%. Blood and polysomnographs analysis were collected 3 times: at baseline (1 week before training began), 3 and 6 months (after 3 and 6 months of training). Training promoted increasing aerobic capacity (relative VO2, time and velocity to VO(2)max; p < 0.05), and reduced serum NEFA, and insulin concentrations as well as improved HOMA index (p < 0.05), and increased adiponectin levels (p < 0.05), after 3 months of training when compared with baseline data. the sleep parameters, awake time and REM sleep latency were decreased after 6 months exercise training (p < 0.05) in relation baseline values. Our results demonstrate that the moderate exercise training protocol improves the sleep profile in older people, but the metabolism adaptation does not persist. Suggesting that this population requires training strategy modifications as to ensure consistent alterations regarding metabolism.Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Psicobiol, São Paulo, BrazilCtr Estudo Psicobiol Exercicio, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Estadual Campinas, Dept Internal Med, Campinas, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biociencia, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Fisiol, Disciplina Fisiol Nutr, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Psicobiol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biociencia, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Fisiol, Disciplina Fisiol Nutr, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

    Highlights of the Brazilian Thoracic Association guidelines for interstitial lung diseases

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    Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are heterogeneous disorders, involving a large number of conditions, the approach to which continues to pose an enormous challenge for pulmonologists. The 2012 Brazilian Thoracic Association ILD Guidelines were established in order to provide Brazilian pulmonologists with an instrument that can facilitate the management of patients with ILDs, standardizing the criteria used for the diagnosis of different conditions and offering guidance on the best treatment in various situations. The objective of this article was to briefly describe the highlights of those guidelines.As doenças pulmonares intersticiais (DPIs) são afecções heterogêneas, envolvendo um elevado número de condições, cuja abordagem ainda é um grande desafio para o pneumologista. As Diretrizes de DPIs da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia, publicadas em 2012, foram estabelecidas com o intuito de fornecer aos pneumologistas brasileiros um instrumento que possa facilitar a abordagem dos pacientes com DPIs, padronizando-se os critérios utilizados para a definição diagnóstica das diferentes condições, além de orientar sobre o melhor tratamento nas diferentes situações. Esse artigo teve como objetivo descrever resumidamente os principais destaques dessas diretrizes.Universidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Medicina Hospital das ClínicasUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Curso de Pós-Graduação de Doenças Pulmonares IntersticiaisUniversidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto AlegreSanta Casa de Porto Alegre Ambulatório de Doenças IntersticiaisSES Hospital Regional da Asa Norte Serviço de Doenças TorácicasFundação Jorge Duprat Figueiredo de Segurança e Medicina do Trabalho Serviço de MedicinaUniversidade Estadual de Campinas Faculdade de Ciências Médicas Departamento de Clínica MédicaUniversidade Federal do Estado do Rio de JaneiroUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Departamento de PatologiaHospital do Servidor Público Estadual de São Paulo Serviço de Anatomia PatológicaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de MedicinaUniversidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto Divisão de PneumologiaUniversidade Federal de Santa Catarina Departamento de Clínica MédicaUniversidade Federal de Santa Catarina Hospital UniversitárioHospital de Messejana Ambulatório de Doenças IntersticiaisHospital do Servidor Público Estadual de São Paulo Ambulatório de Doenças IntersticiaisUniversidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Medicina Instituto do CoraçãoUniversidade Federal FluminenseUniversidade de São Paulo Faculdade de MedicinaHospital Sírio Libanês Núcleo Avançado de TóraxUniversidade Federal da BahiaHospital do Servidor Público Estadual de São PauloHospital do Câncer Antônio Cândido CamargoUNIFESP, EPM, Curso de Pós-Graduação de Doenças Pulmonares IntersticiaisUNIFESP, EPM, Depto. de PatologiaUNIFESP, EPMSciEL

    Highlights of the Brazilian Thoracic Association guidelines for interstitial lung diseases

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    Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are heterogeneous disorders, involving a large number of conditions, the approach to which continues to pose an enormous challenge for pulmonologists. The 2012 Brazilian Thoracic Association ILD Guidelines were established in order to provide Brazilian pulmonologists with an instrument that can facilitate the management of patients with ILDs, standardizing the criteria used for the diagnosis of different conditions and offering guidance on the best treatment in various situations. The objective of this article was to briefly describe the highlights of those guidelines.As doenças pulmonares intersticiais (DPIs) são afecções heterogêneas, envolvendo um elevado número de condições, cuja abordagem ainda é um grande desafio para o pneumologista. As Diretrizes de DPIs da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia, publicadas em 2012, foram estabelecidas com o intuito de fornecer aos pneumologistas brasileiros um instrumento que possa facilitar a abordagem dos pacientes com DPIs, padronizando-se os critérios utilizados para a definição diagnóstica das diferentes condições, além de orientar sobre o melhor tratamento nas diferentes situações. Esse artigo teve como objetivo descrever resumidamente os principais destaques dessas diretrizes.28229

    Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

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    Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

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    Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

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    Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

    Canagliflozin and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes and nephropathy

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    BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of kidney failure worldwide, but few effective long-term treatments are available. In cardiovascular trials of inhibitors of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), exploratory results have suggested that such drugs may improve renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS In this double-blind, randomized trial, we assigned patients with type 2 diabetes and albuminuric chronic kidney disease to receive canagliflozin, an oral SGLT2 inhibitor, at a dose of 100 mg daily or placebo. All the patients had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 30 to &lt;90 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area and albuminuria (ratio of albumin [mg] to creatinine [g], &gt;300 to 5000) and were treated with renin–angiotensin system blockade. The primary outcome was a composite of end-stage kidney disease (dialysis, transplantation, or a sustained estimated GFR of &lt;15 ml per minute per 1.73 m2), a doubling of the serum creatinine level, or death from renal or cardiovascular causes. Prespecified secondary outcomes were tested hierarchically. RESULTS The trial was stopped early after a planned interim analysis on the recommendation of the data and safety monitoring committee. At that time, 4401 patients had undergone randomization, with a median follow-up of 2.62 years. The relative risk of the primary outcome was 30% lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group, with event rates of 43.2 and 61.2 per 1000 patient-years, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59 to 0.82; P=0.00001). The relative risk of the renal-specific composite of end-stage kidney disease, a doubling of the creatinine level, or death from renal causes was lower by 34% (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.81; P&lt;0.001), and the relative risk of end-stage kidney disease was lower by 32% (hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.86; P=0.002). The canagliflozin group also had a lower risk of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.95; P=0.01) and hospitalization for heart failure (hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.80; P&lt;0.001). There were no significant differences in rates of amputation or fracture. CONCLUSIONS In patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease, the risk of kidney failure and cardiovascular events was lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group at a median follow-up of 2.62 years
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