The 103d Infantry March

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-me/1676/thumbnail.jp

Contemplation in Db

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-me/1532/thumbnail.jp

Locating food sovereignty: geographical and sectoral distance in the global food system

This paper seeks to problematize the role of local food systems within the food sovereignty movement and as a counter to the logic of the global industrial food system. It answers the question of how food sovereignty, via its tenet of local food systems, addresses the geographical and sectoral distances in the global food system. In doing this, it utilizes an approach loosely based on Chayanovian thinking and analytical tools provided through food regime analysis, the theory of uneven geographical development and the metabolic rift. The paper explores six forms of distance in the industrial food system – production from consumption, distant markets, peasants from their land, producers from consumers, the rural-urban divide and agriculture from nature. Then the paper situates local food systems within food sovereignty and food sovereignty within the wider transnational agrarian movements from which it emerged. Next the paper differentiates local food systems by scale, method and character. Finally, it illustrates how and to what extent food sovereignty counters these distances by evaluating the abilities and gaps of food sovereignty in relation to the various forms of distance

Let Jesus Hold Your Hand

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-me/1584/thumbnail.jp

I Hear His Footsteps Approaching

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-me/1570/thumbnail.jp

The Lilac Tree

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-me/1587/thumbnail.jp

Eastern gorilla (Gorilla beringei)

First paragraph: Eastern gorillas (Gorilla beringei Matschie, 1903), occur in the wild more than 1 000 km from the nearest western gorillas (G. gorilla Savage, 1847). They are larger than the western gorilla but otherwise similar, with a broad chest and shoulders, a large head, and a hairless, shiny black face. A full-grown adult male can weigh up to about 220 kg, and a full-grown adult female about half this.46, 97, 99 Two subspecies of eastern gorilla are currently recognized by the Primate Specialist Group of IUCN–The World Conservation Union:48 the eastern lowland or Grauer’s gorilla (G. b. graueri Matschie, 1914); and the mountain gorilla (G. b. beringei Matschie, 1903)

Sex Pheromone of the Cranberry Root Grub Lichnanthe vulpina

The cranberry root grub Lichnanthe vulpina (Hentz) (Coleoptera: Glaphyridae) is a pest of cranberries in Massachusetts, reducing yield and vine density. (Z)-7-Hexadecenol and (Z)-7-hexadecenal were identified from the female effluvia collection by gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The double-bond position was confirmed by dimethyl disulfide derivatization. Both compounds were tested in the field, each alone and as blends of the two. Each compound alone captured males; however, (Z)-7-hexadecenol alone captured significantly more males than did (Z)-7-hexadecenal alone. The addition of varying amounts of (Z)-7-hexadecenal to (Z)-7-hexadecenol did not statistically affect male capture. Flight activity of the cranberry root grub may be monitored with traps baited with rubber septa containing 300μg of (Z)-7-hexadecenol. A test of trap vane colors indicated that traps with green or black vanes maximized target male catch while minimizing nontarget catch of important cranberry pollinator

Facilitation of spatial working memory performance following intra-prefrontal cortical administration of the adrenergic alpha1 agonist phenylephrine.

RATIONALE: Spatial working memory is dependent on the appropriate functioning of the prefrontal cortex (PFC). PFC activity can be modulated by noradrenaline (NA) released by afferent projections from the locus coeruleus. The coreuleo-cortical NA system could therefore be a target for cognitive enhancers of spatial working memory. Of the three classes of NA receptor potentially involved, the α2 and α1 classes seem most significant, though agents targeting these receptors have yielded mixed results. This may be partially due to the use of behavioural assays that do not translate effectively from the laboratory to the clinical setting. Use of a paradigm with improved translational potential may be essential to resolve these discrepancies. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to assess the effects of PFC-infused α2 and α1 adrenergic receptor agonists on spatial working memory performance in the touchscreen continuous trial-unique non-matching to location (cTUNL) task in rats. METHODS: Young male rats were trained in the cTUNL paradigm. Cannulation of the mPFC allowed direct administration of GABA agonists for task validation, and phenylephrine and guanfacine to determine the effects of adrenergic agonists on task performance. RESULTS: Infusion of muscimol and baclofen resulted in a delay-dependent impairment. Administration of the α2 agonist guanfacine had no effect, whilst infusion of the α1 agonist phenylephrine significantly improved working memory performance. CONCLUSIONS: Spatial working memory as measured in the rat cTUNL task is dependent on the mPFC. Enhancement of noradrenergic signalling enhanced performance in this paradigm, suggesting a significant role for the α1 receptor in this facilitation.This work was supported by the Innovative Medicine Initiative Joint Undertaking under grant agreement no. 115008 of which resources are composed of EFPIA inkind contribution and financial contribution from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013). CJH was funded by Wellcome Trust grant 089703/Z/09/Z.This is the final version of the article. It first appeared from Springer via http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00213-015-4038-

Ape socioecology

First paragraph: This section presents an overview of the socioecology of the seven species of nonhuman apes: bonobos, chimpanzees, gibbons (including siamangs), eastern and western gorillas, and Bornean and Sumatran orangutans. For more detailed information, see Wich et al. (2009b), Emery Thompson and Wrangham (2013), Reinartz, Ingmanson and Vervaecke (2013), Williamson and Butynski (2013a, 2013b), and Williamson, Maisels and Groves (2013)