Risk factors and navigation accidents: A historical analysis comparing accident-free and accident-prone vessels using indicators from AIS data and vessel databases

This paper presents the results of an explorative analysis aiming to identify indicators and factors associated with navigation accidents (groundings and collisions). The analysis compares cargo vessels with at least one registered navigation accident (grounding or collision) within Norwegian waters with those that have none, in the period 2010–2019. The comparison is made using data based on automatic identification system (AIS) satellite data in combination with information from IHS Fairplay, to construct indicators that reflect different characteristics of the vessels. Hallmarks of vessels involved in navigation accidents have been identified using bivariate and multivariate statistical analysis. The multivariate model was a strong predictor of vessels' accident involvement with 44% of the variance explained. Indicators that predicted reported navigation accidents included: (1) vessel type, (2) higher age, (3) smaller size, (4) longer distance sailed, (5) higher average speed, (6) flying Norwegian flag, (7) gray or black Tokyo MoU rating, and 8) not on US Coast Guard target list. The results are discussed relative to their potential causes as well as limits and practical applications. The study shows the promising potential of utilizing AIS data combined with various data sets to obtain knowledge on risk factors and risk indicators.publishedVersio

Riktlinjer för förvaltning av stora fåglar i odlingslandskapet – åtgärder, bidrag och ersättningar 2023

På uppdrag från regeringen utformade Naturvårdsverket och SLU Viltskadecenter nationella riktlinjer för förvaltning av gäss, tranor och svanar under 2014. SLU Viltskadecenter har gått igenom och uppdaterat riktlinjerna så att de inkluderar ny kunskap och tar hänsyn till ändrade regelverk. Riktlinjerna ska tjäna som vägledning för länsstyrelserna i den regionala förvaltningen av dessa fåglar och i arbetet med att förebygga och ersätta skador. Skador av stora fåglar på grödor kan uppstå under hela året och är utspridda över i stort sett hela Sverige. Skademönstren (som grödor, plats och tidpunkt) varierar över landet och mellan de olika fågelarterna. Även om omständigheterna varierar bör förvaltningen sträva efter att skapa så lika förutsättningar som möjligt för de som berörs, så att åtgärder och ärendehantering inte skiljer sig åt mellan olika delar av landet. I riktlinjerna presenteras skadeförebyggande åtgärder som antingen utvärderats vetenskapligt eller som Viltskadecenter och länsstyrelsernas skrämselpersonal bedömer har tillräcklig effekt

Predictive and Prognostic Impact of TP53 Mutations and MDM2 Promoter Genotype in Primary Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Epirubicin or Paclitaxel

Background: TP53 mutations have been associated with resistance to anthracyclines but not to taxanes in breast cancer patients. The MDM2 promoter single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) T309G increases MDM2 activity and may reduce wildtype p53 protein activity. Here, we explored the predictive and prognostic value of TP53 and CHEK2 mutation status together with MDM2 SNP309 genotype in stage III breast cancer patients receiving paclitaxel or epirubicin monotherapy. Experimental Design: Each patient was randomly assigned to treatment with epirubicin 90 mg/m2 (n= 109) or paclitaxel 200 mg/m2 (n = 114) every 3rd week as monotherapy for 4–6 cycles. Patients obtaining a suboptimal response on first-line treatment requiring further chemotherapy received the opposite regimen. Time from last patient inclusion to follow-up censoring was 69 months. Each patient had snap-frozen tumor tissue specimens collected prior to commencing chemotherapy. Principal Findings: While TP53 and CHEK2 mutations predicted resistance to epirubicin, MDM2 status did not. Neither TP53/ CHEK2 mutations nor MDM2 status was associated with paclitaxel response. Remarkably, TP53 mutations (p = 0.007) but also MDM2 309TG/GG genotype status (p = 0.012) were associated with a poor disease-specific survival among patients having paclitaxel but not patients having epirubicin first-line. The effect of MDM2 status was observed among individuals harbouring wild-type TP53 (p = 0.039) but not among individuals with TP53 mutated tumors (p.0.5). Conclusion: TP53 and CHEK2 mutations were associated with lack of response to epirubicin monotherapy. In contrast, TP53 mutations and MDM2 309G allele status conferred poor disease-specific survival among patients treated with primary paclitaxel but not epirubicin monotherapy

Design and baseline characteristics of the finerenone in reducing cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in diabetic kidney disease trial

Background: Among people with diabetes, those with kidney disease have exceptionally high rates of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality and progression of their underlying kidney disease. Finerenone is a novel, nonsteroidal, selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist that has shown to reduce albuminuria in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) while revealing only a low risk of hyperkalemia. However, the effect of finerenone on CV and renal outcomes has not yet been investigated in long-term trials. Patients and Methods: The Finerenone in Reducing CV Mortality and Morbidity in Diabetic Kidney Disease (FIGARO-DKD) trial aims to assess the efficacy and safety of finerenone compared to placebo at reducing clinically important CV and renal outcomes in T2D patients with CKD. FIGARO-DKD is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, event-driven trial running in 47 countries with an expected duration of approximately 6 years. FIGARO-DKD randomized 7,437 patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate >= 25 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and albuminuria (urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio >= 30 to <= 5,000 mg/g). The study has at least 90% power to detect a 20% reduction in the risk of the primary outcome (overall two-sided significance level alpha = 0.05), the composite of time to first occurrence of CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for heart failure. Conclusions: FIGARO-DKD will determine whether an optimally treated cohort of T2D patients with CKD at high risk of CV and renal events will experience cardiorenal benefits with the addition of finerenone to their treatment regimen. Trial Registration: EudraCT number: 2015-000950-39; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02545049

Vad händer sen? : Upplevelser och reaktioner efter att en polis använt sitt tjänstevapen

Denna rapport undersöker vad som händer när en polis har tvingats använda sitt tjänstevapen i nödvärn, nöd eller med laga befogenhet. I bakgrunden presenteras statistik om hur ofta och mot vad poliser i Sverige skjuter och när enligt lagstiftningen en polis har rätt att skjuta. Vidare presenterar rapporten de olika studier som gjorts på poliser som skjutit i tjänsten, vilka psykiska reaktioner de har upplevt. Rapporten presenterar de krav som Polismyndigheterna har för att utreda dessa händelser samt hur de ska hjälpa och stötta den enskilda polismannen. För att kontrollera hur omhändertagandet och utredning upplevs redovisas tre intervjuer med poliser som skjutit i tjänsten. Intervjuerna beskriver hur polismännen har upplevt händelserna, hur de upplevt utredningarna, vilka reaktioner som följt av händelserna samt vilket stöd och omhändertagande de fått från Polismyndigheterna. Poliserna i intervjuerna beskriver att de upplevt olika psykiska reaktioner efter händelserna t.ex. irritation, och sömnsvårigheter. Resultatet visar att det är stor skillnad för omhändertagandet mellan olika Polismyndigheter och att samtliga intervjuade känt att de behövt hjälp och stöd av något slag

Emerging and changing tasks in the development process for machine learning systems

Integrating machine learning components in software systems is a task more and more companies are confronted with. However, there is not much knowledge today on how the software development process needs to change, when such components are integrated into a software system. We performed an interview study with 16 participants, focusing on emerging and changing task. The results uncover a set of 25 tasks associated to different software development phases, such as requirements engineering or deployment. We are just starting to understand the implications of using machine-learning components on the software development process. This study allows some first insights into how widespread the required process changes are

3D Synthetic Aperture Imaging Using a Water-Jet Coupled Large-Aperture Single Transducer

Godkänd; 2014; 20141125 (migcas

Equilibrium sampling through membranes (ESTM) of acidic organic pollutants using hollow fibre modules in continuous steady-state mode.

Hollow fibre (HF) membrane modules were applied in continuous mode for equilibrium sampling through membranes (ESTM) of polar organic pollutants. Phenolic compounds (chlorophenols, cresols and phenol) served as model substances and ESTM was tuned towards the measurement of freely dissolved concentrations (C(free)). HF membrane modules were constructed using thin-walled membrane, 1-m module length and low packing density in order to optimise the uptake kinetics of the analytes into the acceptor solution. Such custom made devices were tested and compared to commercially available modules. The former modules performed best for continuous ESTM. The custom made modules provided steady-state equilibrium within 20-40min and enrichment that was in general agreement with calculated distribution ratios between acceptor and sample. In experiments during which sample concentration was changed, acceptor response time to decreased sample concentration was around 30min for custom built modules. In the presence of commercial humic acids, analytes showed lower steady-state enrichment, which is due to a decrease in C(free). Continuous ESTM may be automated and is suggested for use in online determination of C(free) of pollutants and studies on sorption of pollutants. Future studies should include optimisation of the membrane liquid and factors regarding the residence time of the acceptor solution in the fibre lumen. Qualitative aspects of DOM should also be included, as natural DOM can be fractionated. C(free) could be correlated to DOM properties that have previously been shown to influence sorption, such as aromaticity, carboxylic acid content and molecular size