Efecto lente gravitatoria en fuentes extensas.

Trabajo de fin de Grado. Grado en Física. Curso académico 2020-2021[ES]Estrellas que pasen cerca de la línea de visión entre un observador y una fuente amplifican la radiación proveniente de la fuente, actuando como una lente. Existen numerosos programas observaciones dedicados a la detección y observación de lentes gravitatorias. Resulta de gran interés obtener soluciones analíticas de la curva de luz de la estrella fuente cuando esta es extensa porque permite determinar importantes propiedades de la atmósfera de la estrella. Las soluciones analíticas permiten ajustes a la curva de luz en tiempo real, haciendo factible un muestreo denso de la curva de luz a fin de detectar los parámetros característicos de la atmósfera con mejor precisión. En este trabajo obtendremos aproximaciones analíticas a distintos perfiles de luminosidad de estrellas extensas y analizaremos la viabilidad de su detección.[EN]Stars passing near the line of sight between an observer and a source amplify radiation coming from the source, acting like a lens. There are many programs observations dedicated to the detection and observation of gravitatory lenses. It is of great interest to obtain analytical solutions of the light curve of the source star when it is extended because it allows determine important properties of the star's atmosphere. The analytical solutions allow adjustments to the light curve in real time, making a dense sampling of the light curve in order to detect the characteristic parameters of the atmosphere with better accuracy. In this work we will obtain analytical approaches to different profiles of luminosity of large stars and we will analyze the viability of its detectio

The role of the anterior insular cortex in self-monitoring: a novel study protocol with electrical stimulation mapping and functional magnetic resonance imaging

Becoming aware of one's own states is a fundamental aspect for self-monitoring, allowing us to adjust our beliefs of the world to the changing context. Previous evidence points out to the key role of the anterior insular cortex (aIC) in evaluating the consequences of our own actions, especially whenever an error has occurred. In the present study, we propose a new multimodal protocol combining electrical stimulation mapping (ESM) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to explore the functional role of the aIC for self-monitoring in patients undergoing awake brain surgery. Our results using a modified version of the Stroop task tackling metacognitive abilities revealed new direct evidence of the involvement of the aIC in monitoring our performance, showing increased difficulties in detecting action-outcome mismatches when stimulating a cortical site located at the most posterior part of the aIC as well as significant BOLD activations at this region during outcome incongruences for self-made actions. Based on these preliminary results, we highlight the importance of assessing the aIC's functioning during tumor resection involving this region to evaluate metacognitive awareness of the self in patients undergoing awake brain surgery. In a similar vein, a better understanding of the aIC's role during self-monitoring may help shed light on action/outcome processing abnormalities reported in several neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, anosognosia for hemiplegia or major depression

An institutional perspective on the impact of recent antibiotic exposure on length of stay and hospital costs for patients with gram-negative sepsis

Carta a Alfonso Sastre Pascual Serrano Pero ¿qué pasa con los intelectuales? (para mi amigo Pascual Serrano) Alfonso Sastre Una reflexión necesaria Pascual Serrano Carta a Alfonso Sastre y a Pascual Serrano, Octavio Rodríguez Araujo. La cobardía de los intelectuales, Carlo Frabetti. Los intelectuales y la apatía, Santiago Alba Ric

Effect of spinels on the mechanical and tribological behavior of plasma sprayed alumina based coatings

Plasma sprayed ceramic coatings are widely used to protect metallic substrates when high temperature and/or friction are developed in service. In particular, alumina based coatings have been extensively used. Examples of applications are pistons in pumps or internal combustion engines and steam valve spindles. Alumina is hard, it shows a very high oxidation resistance and it is not permeable to aggressive gases. However, the alumina main drawback is its low fracture toughness. Brittle fracture is one of the most common wear mechanisms reported for ceramics. It is well known that the fracture toughness and the operative conditions are the key parameters controlling the crack propagation throughout the material. As a consequence, transition from mild to severe wear in ceramic coatings is mainly controlled by the fracture toughness of the coating. The typical solutions to improve the fracture behavior of alumina coatings are based on mixing alumina powders with other ceramic powders with superior toughness. Alumina – Zircona systems are used in this way. When a mixture of ceramics is thermally sprayed, a very complex microstructure is attained in the coating. Nevertheless, a common feature can be pointed out for different systems: formation of spinels from both oxides is commonly reported. These phases seem to play an important role in the fracture behavior of the coatings and subsequently in their tribological behavior. This paper presents a summary of the work done in the microstructural, mechanical and tribological characterization of plasma sprayed alumina based coatings (Al2O3 – TiO2, Al2O3 – ZrO2 and Al2O3 – Cr2O3). Special attention is paid on the role played by spinels formed during deposition

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) from JAK2+ myeloproliferative neoplasms differ from normal MSC and contribute to the maintenance of neoplastic hematopoiesis

[EN]There is evidence of continuous bidirectional cross-talk between malignant cells and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSC), which favors the emergence and progression of myeloproliferative neoplastic (MPN) diseases. In the current work we have compared the function and gene expression profile of BM-MSC from healthy donors (HDMSC) and patients with MPN (JAK2V617F), showing no differences in the morphology, proliferation and differentiation capacity between both groups. However, BM-MSC from MPN expressed higher mean fluorescence intensity (MIF) of CD73, CD44 and CD90, whereas CD105 was lower when compared to controls. Gene expression profile of BM-MSC showed a total of 169 genes that were differentially expressed in BM-MSC from MPN patients compared to HD-MSC. In addition, we studied the ability of BM-MSC to support the growth and survival of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC), showing a significant increase in the number of CFU-GM colonies when MPN-HSPC were co-cultured with MPN-MSC. Furthermore, MPN-MSC showed alteration in the expression of genes associated to the maintenance of hematopoiesis, with an overexpression of SPP1 and NF-kB, and a downregulation of ANGPT1 and THPO. Our results suggest that BM-MSC from JAK2+ patients differ from their normal counterparts and favor the maintenance of malignant clonal hematopoietic cell

Can the Cytokine Profile According to ABO Blood Groups Be Related to Worse Outcome in COVID-19 Patients? Yes, They Can

Producción CientíficaSevere status of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is extremely associated to cytokine release. Moreover, it has been suggested that blood group is also associated with the prevalence and severity of this disease. However, the relationship between the cytokine profile and blood group remains unclear in COVID-19 patients. In this sense, we prospectively recruited 108 COVID-19 patients between March and April 2020 and divided according to ABO blood group. For the analysis of 45 cytokines, plasma samples were collected in the time of admission to hospital ward or intensive care unit and at the sixth day after hospital admission. The results show that there was a risk of more than two times lower of mechanical ventilation or death in patients with blood group O (log rank: p = 0.042). At first time, all statistically significant cytokine levels, except from hepatocyte growth factor, were higher in O blood group patients meanwhile the second time showed a significant drop, between 20% and 40%. In contrast, A/B/AB group presented a maintenance of cytokine levels during time. Hepatocyte growth factor showed a significant association with intubation or mortality risk in non-O blood group patients (OR: 4.229, 95% CI (2.064–8.665), p < 0.001) and also was the only one bad prognosis biomarker in O blood group patients (OR: 8.852, 95% CI (1.540–50.878), p = 0.015). Therefore, higher cytokine levels in O blood group are associated with a better outcome than A/B/AB group in COVID-19 patients.Instituto de Salud Carlos III (grant COV20/00491)Junta de Castilla y León (grant 18IGOF

Buenas Prácticas en los Programas Universitarios para Mayores en España

Ana Isabel Muñoz Alcón y Francisco Trullén Galve (Universidad Catolica de Ávila); María P. García de la Torre y Francisco Ascón Belver (Universidad de A Coruña); M. Isabel Luis Rico, Ángel Gañán Adánez, Tamara de la Torre Cruz, Vanesa Baños Martínez (Universidad de Burgos); Yolanda Lázaro Fernández y Jaime Cuenca Amigo (Universidad de Deusto); Camino Caballero Posado (Universidad de Extremadura); Mª Adoración Holgado Sánchez y Mª Teresa Ramos Bernal (Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca); Sara Serrate González, Javier Alba Barrios y José Manuel Muñoz Rodríguez; Miguel Ángel Nombela Castaño (Universidad de Vigo

Jornadas de encuentro entre alumnado y egresados del Máster Universitario en Atención Temprana como estrategia de innovación docente para la realización del TFM.

Depto. de Estudios EducativosFac. de EducaciónFALSEsubmitte

PAdGUE

"Web semántica y patrimonio cultural. Los paisajes y lugares de la Guerra de la Independencia española" (PR-18-HUM-D4-0039) es un proyecto de investigación liderado por la Universidad de Alicante y financiado por la Fundación BBVA. Su objetivo es la creación de esta plataforma inteligente, de diversos recursos digitales y audiovisuales alojados en ella, y el desarrollo de aplicaciones para dispositivo móvil que utilizarán dichos recursos. La plataforma se concibe como una web semántica, donde el sistema de etiquetado de los recursos permite vincularlos entre sí. Gracias a esta transferencia de conocimiento, el proyecto PAdGUE contribuye a la puesta en valor, como patrimonio cultural, de los paisajes de la Guerra de la Independencia española. Y lo hace con la intención de que la comprensión de la guerra y de sus consecuencias contribuya a la cultura de la paz. Los reportajes y los demás recursos, así como las Rutas propuestas, están a disposición de docentes, investigadores/as y gestores del patrimonio y del turismo cultural.Sitio web del proyecto Patrimonio y Paisajes de Guerra: una plataforma inteligente para la puesta en valor de los paisajes de la guerra de la Independencia española como patrimonio cultural.Fundación BBV

Vertebrate populations' trends across the Iberian Peninsula

Resumen del trabajo presentado a: 2nd Meeting of the Iberian Ecological Society (SIBECOL); XXI conference of the Iberian Association of Limnology (AIL) and 21st National Congress of Ecology of the Portuguese Ecological Society (SPECO), celebrados en Aveiro (Portugal) del 3 al 8 de julio de 2022.Understanding and identifying the impacts of multiple stressors on natural populations has become a key objective for post-2020 biodiversity conservation. Of particular concern are the impacts of stressors at the local scale, which are not necessarily reflected in current global conservation assessments. As a hotspot of biodiversity, the Iberian Peninsula is an area of special interest for conservation, but it is currently facing myriad environmental problems. Yet, a synthesis of the impacts of multiple stressors on the Iberian faunal populations is glaringly missing. To contribute to this challenge, we join our efforts in an Early Career Researchers project funded by SIBECOL, which aims to synthesise current knowledge on population trends of Iberian marine, terrestrial and freshwater vertebrates, and, eventually, to identify the most common stressors for Iberian fauna populations, and their differences between major taxonomic groups and ecosystems. Here, we will present the results of the first phase of this project, whose objective was to describe the trends of Iberian vertebrate populations and identify knowledge gaps related to taxonomic groups and ecosystems. To that aim, we conducted an extensive literature review, with more than 5,000 scientific manuscripts and grey literature screened. From this initial review, and after applying data quality controls, we obtained > 1,000 population time series of Iberian vertebrates across marine, terrestrial, and freshwater ecosystems. Once we compiled this database, we analysed the population trends using a two-step modelling process: (i) first, we applied state-space models to derive the population trend of each population time series; and (ii) second, we used multilevel Bayesian models to determine the factors influencing these population trends. Overall, we found that Iberian vertebrate populations display a disparity in trends, with both declines and increases, with fishes (both marine and freshwater) being the taxa showing clear signs of decline. Additionally, we identified important gaps in monitoring data across the Iberian Peninsula, with amphibians and reptiles severely underrepresented in our dataset, despite being among the most threatened taxonomic groups. These gaps may limit our understanding of the impacts of stressors at local scales and eventually bias current conservation assessments. Overall, our approach will bridge the significant gap in our knowledge between the global and local scale conservation status of wild Iberian populations and help focus future conservation policies.Peer reviewe