O TRABALHO SOB A ÉGIDE NEOLIBERAL E O SETOR SUCROALCOOLEIRO NO NOROESTE DO PARANÁ: ALGUMAS CONSIDERAÇÕES

O mundo do trabalho passou, nas últimas décadas, por intensas transformações resultantes daintrodução da técnica e da tecnologia em sua esfera de domínio. Este período, principalmente após os anos 1970,marcado pela globalização e produção pautada na acumulação flexível, é típica do neoliberalismo: modelopolítico-econômico que conheceu sua gênese ao longo do século XIX. Neste sentido, o presente artigo traz umabreve contextualização e considerações acerca da formação do liberalismo econômico e algumas de suascaracterísticas, perfazendo brevemente sua história até a contemporaneidade, quando a tecnologia introduziunovas e profundas transformações nas relações de trabalho. Estas, por sua vez, trouxeram novas realidades para otrabalhador, impondo-lhe desafios que perpassam pela qualificação profissional. Exemplo dessas transformaçõesé o que acontece na região noroeste do estado do Paraná, principalmente no setor sucroalcooleiro. Afinal, otrabalhador que antes via o corte da cana-de-açúcar como um dos únicos meios de sobrevivência, agora sedepara com oportunidades de investimento em capital humano proporcionado pelas próprias usinas de cana-de-açúcar da região, que viabilizam cursos de formação que podem gerar mobilidade social ascendente para esteestirpe da força de trabalho

EXPLORAÇÃO E ALIENAÇÃO DA FORÇA DE TRABALHO: OS TRABALHADORES DA CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR MOBILIZADOS PELAS UNIDADES DE PRODUÇÃO DE CIDADE GAÚCHA E RONDON-PR

Este artigo, resultado de uma pesquisa de mestrado em geografia, teve por objetivo estudar a mobilidade dos cortadores da cana-de-açúcar dos municípios de Cidade Gaúcha e Rondon-PR e avaliar a mobilidade dos trabalhadores em relação às Unidades de Produção (Usina de Açúcar Santa Terezinha LTDA) dos municípios em questão. Para dar ênfase à problemática acerca dos bóias frias na atualidade em razão da superexploração do trabalho no eito do corte, foi levado em consideração os princípios teóricos da mobilidade da força de trabalho nos moldes de Gaudemar (1976) e a noção de mobilidade física contida nos estudos de Rocha (1998). No que tange a parte técnica, procurou-se elaborar mapas, tabelas, além de buscar dados e informações de campo bem como entrevistas que se apresentaram relevantes para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa.

One-year timeline kinetics of cytokine-mediated cellular immunity in dogs vaccinated against visceral leishmaniasis

BACKGROUND: The main control strategy for visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil has been based on the elimination of seropositive dogs, although this is not widely accepted. In this context, the use of a long-lasting protective vaccine against canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) has been highly expected. The aim of this work was to determine the timeline kinetics of the cytokine microenvironment derived from circulating leukocytes as supportive immunological biomarkers triggered by Leishmune® vaccine. Cross-sectional kinetic analysis of cellular immunity cytokines was carried out at three times (1, 6 and 12 months) after primovaccination with Leishmune®. In vitro short-term whole blood cultures were stimulated with Leishmania infantum soluble antigen (SLAg). The secreted cytokine signatures and their major sources were determined. RESULTS: At six months after vaccination, Leishmune® induced an increase in IL-8, IFN-γ, IL-17a and TNF-α levels and a decrease in IL-10. Cytokine signature analysis revealed a shift in the microenvironment towards a pro-inflammatory profile mediated by IL-8 and IFN-γ. Both, CD4(+) (↑TNF-α(+) and ↑IFN-γ (+)) and CD8(+) (↑IL-17a and ↓IL-4) T-cells contributed to the acquired immune responses observed after stimulation with SLAg. CONCLUSIONS: The changes observed in the cytokine profile suggested that Leishmune® was able to induce an effective response at six months after primovaccination. After one year, it returned to baseline suggesting the need of additional boosting

Prevalência de lesão no quadril em praticantes de tênis: revisão sistemática / Prevalence of hip injury in tennis players: systematic review

O Tênis é uma modalidade esportiva que cresce e ganha novos adeptos a cada dia, com isso, aumenta a incidência de lesões no quadril. O objetivo desta revisão bibliográfica é investigar estudos que demostrem a prevalência de lesões causadas pela prática do Tênis. Metodologia: O estudo é uma revisão bibliográfica. Foram utilizados para esta pesquisa as plataformas Scielo, Google acadêmico e Pubmed, com as palavras chaves “Lesões no quadril do tenista, Lesões no quadril, Síndrome da Banda Iliotibial, Tendinopatia de Isquiossurais, Impacto Femoacetabular, Disfunção Sacroilíaca”. Resultados: Foram encontrados, 29 artigos nas 3 plataformas, e após criteriosa análise de títulos e de resumos, 16 artigos foram descartados.  13 artigos foram considerados apropriados para a realização desta revisão. Após detalhada leitura desses artigos, 5 foram descartados por não se tratarem de lesão no quadril, ou no quadril de tenistas. Conclusão: A combinação do excesso de treinamento em alta intensidade e o volume elevado de repetições podem levar ao desequilíbrio muscular, causando diversos tipos de lesões no quadril como Síndrome da banda iliotibial, Tendinopatia de Isquiossurais (posterior da coxa), Impacto Femoroacetabular (IFA) e Disfunção Sacroilíaca (dor sacroilíaca)

Tumor necrosis factor α, and agonist and antagonists of cannabinoid receptor type 1 and type 2 alter the immunophenotype of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth

ABSTRACT Objective To verify the involvement of the endocannabinoid system in the immunomodulatory profile of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, in the presence or absence of TNF-α, and agonist and antagonists of CB1 and CB2. Methods Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth were cultured in the presence or absence of an agonist, anandamide, and two antagonists, AM251 and SR144528, of CB1 and CB2 receptors, with or without TNF-α stimulation. For analysis of immunomodulation, surface molecules linked to immunomodulation, namely human leukocyte antigen-DR isotype (HLA-DR), and programmed death ligands 1 (PD-L1) and 2 (PD-L2) were measured using flow cytometry. Results The inhibition of endocannabinoid receptors together with the proinflammatory effect of TNF-α resulted in increased HLA-DR expression in stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, as well as, in these cells acquiring an anti-inflammatory profile by enhancing the expression of PD-L1 and PD-L2. Conclusion Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth respond to the endocannabinoid system and TNF-α by altering key immune response molecules

Vaccination against canine Leishmaniasis in Brazil : a position paper

Prevention of canine Leishmania infantum infection is critical to management of visceral leishmaniasis in people living in endemic areas of Brazil. A bill (PL 1738/11), currently under consideration, proposes to establish a national vaccination policy against canine leishmaniasis in Brazil. However, there is no solid scientific evidence supporting the idea that this could reduce transmission from infected vaccinated dogs to sand flies to a level that would significantly reduce the risk of L. infantum infection or visceral leishmaniasis in humans. Thus, we advocate that insecticide-impregnated collars should the first line protective measure for public health purposes and that vaccines are applied on a case-by-case, optional basis for individual dog protection

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost