Relação entre Valores Pessoais e Comprometimento Organizacional: O Caso das Empresas Juniores de Santa Maria

This study aims to determine if there is relationship between personal values and organizationalcommitment in members of junior companies. These companies are non-profit associations thataim to provide to students, improvements of theoretical knowledge acquired during their academiceducation. Questionnaires were used in a sample of 119 students members of eight juniorcompanies of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul The instrument used for data collection wascomposed of three parts. The initial part aims to identify the profile of the sample, the second part,based on Medeiros (2003), looks to verify the organizational commitment and the third part,developed from the study by Gouveia et al. (2008),aims to identify the personal values. Dataanalysis was performed tests of descriptive statistics, and correlations between personal values andconstructs of organizational commitment and application of regression models. The results showedthat personal values:ObedienceandPrestigeare the only ones that showed significant correlationswith all the constructs of organizational commitment

INTERNAÇÕES HOSPITALARES E MORTALIDADE POR SÍNDROME RESPIRATÓRIA AGUDA GRAVE: COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE OS PERÍODOS PRÉ-PANDÊMICO E PANDÊMICO

Objective: To analyze the characteristics and the factors associated with mortality of cases hospitalized for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome in a health region, in pre-pandemic and pandemic periods. Methods: A retrospective documentary study of epidemiological surveillance carried out with secondary data from the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System, regarding the cases of patients belonging to a health region of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Results: During the pandemic period, there was an increase in the number of hospitalizations and deaths due to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, in addition to diferences between socioemographic and clinical-epidemiological characteristics. In both periods, the age and the use of invasive ventilatory support were the predictors of hospital mortality. The mortality in the pandemic period was also associated with male gender, presence of risk factors, admission to an intensive care unit, use of non-invasive ventilatory support and infection by COVID-19. Conclusions: In 2020, the detection rate of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome was 21 times higher than in 2019 and new symptoms, such as anosmia and ageusia, were included in their investigation. In both periods evaluated, elderly patients and patients on invasive mechanical ventilation had a higher risk of mortality. With the pandemic, there was a greater number of hospitalizations and factors associated with mortality.Objetivo: Analisar as características e os fatores associados à mortalidade dos casos hospitalizados por Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave em uma regional de saúde, nos períodos pré-pandêmico e pandêmico. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo documental de vigilância epidemiológica realizado com dados secundários provenientes do Sistema de Informação de Vigilância Epidemiológica da Gripe, referentes aos casos de pacientes pertencentes a uma regional de saúde de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Resultados: Observou-se, no período pandêmico, aumento do número de hospitalizações e óbitos por Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave, além de diferenças entre as características sociodemográficas e clínico-epidemiológicas. Em ambos os períodos, comportaram-se como preditores da mortalidade hospitalar, a idade e o uso de suporte ventilatório invasivo. A mortalidade no período pandêmico se associou também ao sexo masculino, presença de fatores de risco, internação em unidade de terapia intensiva, uso de suporte ventilatório não invasivo e infecção por COVID-19. Conclusões: Em 2020, a taxa detecção de Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave foi 21 vezes maior do que em 2019 e novos sintomas, como a anosmia e ageusia, foram incluídos em sua investigação. Nos dois períodos avaliados, pacientes idosos e em ventilação mecânica invasiva apresentaram maior risco de mortalidade. Com a pandemia, houve maior número de hospitalizações e fatores associados à mortalidade

Completude das notificações de síndrome respiratória aguda grave no âmbito nacional e em uma regional de saúde de Minas Gerais, durante a pandemia de COVID-19, 2020

Objective: To analyze the completeness of notifications of cases of severe acute respiratory illness from the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System (SIVEP-Gripe) during the COVID-19 pandemic, in the national database and in a regional database in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, in 2020. Methods: Descriptive study of the completeness of sociodemographic variables and those related to the etiology, clinical condition, evolution and diagnostic criteria of SIVEP-Influenza. Completeness was classified as excellent (greater than 95%), good (90 to 95%), fair (80 to 90%), poor (50 to 80%), and very poor (less than 50%). Results: The percentage of variables with excellent completeness was only 18.1% in the national database and 27.8% in the regional database. Conclusion: Low completeness of both SIVEP-Gripe databases was evidenced, making it necessary to improve the work process and routine training of professionals for the correct completion.Objetivo: Analizar la completitud de las notificaciones de casos de síndrome respiratorio agudo severo del Sistema de Información de Vigilancia Epidemiológica de Influenza (SIVEP-Gripe) durante la pandemia de COVID-19, en la base de datos nacional y en una base de datos regional de salud en el estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, en 2020. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de la completitud de las variables sociodemográficas y las relacionadas con la etiología, cuadro clínico, evolución y criterios diagnósticos del SIVEP-Influenza. La exhaustividad se clasificó como excelente (más grande que 95%), buena (90 a 95%), regular (80 a 90%), mala (50 a 80%) y muy mala (menos que 50%). Resultados: El porcentaje de variables con excelente completitud fue solo del 18,1% en la base de datos nacional y del 27,8% en la base de datos regional. Conclusión: Se evidenció la baja completitud de ambas bases de datos SIVEP-Gripe, siendo necesario mejorar el proceso de trabajo y la rutina de capacitación de los profesionales para el correcto llenado.Objetivo: Analisar a completude das notificações de casos de síndrome respiratória aguda grave no Sistema de Informação de Vigilência Epidemiológica da Gripo (SIVEP Gripe) durante a pandemia de COVID-19, na base de dados nacional e na base da Unidade Regional de Saúde do estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, em 2020. Métodos: Estudo descritivo da completude das variáveis sociodemográficas e das relativas à etiologia, condição clínica, evolução e critérios diagnósticos do SIVEP-Gripe. O nível de completude foi classificado como excelente (>95%), bom (90 a 95%), regular (80 a 90%), ruim (50 a 80%) ou muito ruim (<50%). Resultados: O percentual de variáveis com completudo excelente foi de apenas 18,1% na base de dados nacional, e de 27,8% na base de dados regional. Conclusão: Evidenciou-se baixa completude de ambas bases dados do SIVEP-Gripe, tornando-se necessários aperfeiçoamentos no processo de trabalho e capacitações rotineiras dos profissionais para o correto preenchimento

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Analysis of completeness of reports of severe acute respiratory syndrome at micro-regional and national level

No contexto da pandemia pelo novo Coronavírus e a evolução clínica de certos casos para a Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave, solidificou-se a utilização do Sistema de Informação de Vigilância Epidemiológica da Gripe, que é o sistema oficial de notificação desse agravo. Um sistema de informação em saúde alcança seu propósito quando gera análises e estas resultem em ações mediante aos dados devidamente coletados e registrados com uma excelente completude. Objetivo: Analisar a completude dos campos de notificações de Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave hospitalizados no Sistema de Informação da Vigilância Epidemiológica da Gripe, registradas à nível nacional e em uma regional de saúde do interior de minas gerais, no ano de 2020. Método: Realizou-se um estudo ecológico descritivo, de abordagem quantitativa a partir da análise da porcentagem de completude dos dados do Sistema de Informação da Vigilância Epidemiológica da Gripe. Classificou-se a completude dos dados com base no sistema de escores proposto por Romero e Cunha, onde a completude das variáveis foi classificada em excelente (não completude <5%); bom (não completude de 5 a 10%); regular (não completude de 10 a 20%); ruim (não completude de 20 a 50%) e muito ruim (não completude ≥ 50%). Resultado: Observou-se que a completude global das variáveis foi melhor no cenário regional do que no cenário nacional. Através de uma análise pormenorizada das variáveis, foi identificado alguns achados de relevância, no contexto para a caracterização sociodemográfica e etiológica, observou-se uma completude “muito ruim”, para a variável nível de escolaridade, tanto no contexto regional como nacional. Na variável cor ou raça declarada pelo paciente, apresentou completude “ruim”, no âmbito nacional. Na avalição das variáveis referentes as condições clínica e evolução dos casos, observou na variável, data da alta ou óbito, apresentou completude “muito ruim” no contexto regional e a variável data em que o paciente saiu da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva, apresentou completude “muito ruim”, no contexto regional e “ruim” no contexto nacional. No entanto, variáveis relativas à evolução clínica e diagnóstico dos casos, apresentaram baixa completude tanto no âmbito regional, como nacional, das 27 variáveis contempladas nesse elenco, apenas seis (22,2%) apresentaram classificação “excelente”. Verificou-se que essa categoria de análise foi a que apresentou maior número de variáveis classificadas como “muito ruim”, tanto no cenário regional 10 (37,0%), como no nacional 15 (44,4%). Conclusões: Por meio da análise circunstanciada da completude de preenchimento do sistema de informação para os casos de Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave e como este é passível de atualizações, pretende-se subsidiar propostas para melhorias em seu preenchimento. Além disso, para uma efetiva otimização do sistema oficial de notificação, torna-se imperioso que os profissionais e serviços de epidemiologia estejam afetos e capacitados adequadamente, no fito de garantir uma boa qualidade do sistema de informação. Vislumbrando assim, tomadas de decisões assertivas e políticas públicas bem planejadas e com efetivo resultado, no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19. Palavras-chave: Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave. SARS-CoV-2. COVID-19. Sistemas de Informação em Saúde. Vigilância em Saúde Pública.In the context of the new Coronavirus pandemic and the clinical evolution of certain cases for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, the use of the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System, which is the official notification system for this disease, was consolidated. A health information system achieves its purpose when it generates analyzes and these result in actions through the data properly collected and registered with an excellent completeness. Objective: To analyze the completeness of the fields of notifications of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome hospitalized in the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System, registered nationally and in a regional health center in the interior of minas gerais, in 2020. Method: This is a descriptive ecological study, with a quantitative approach, based on the analysis of the percentage of completeness of data from the Information System for the Epidemiological Surveillance of Influenza. The completeness of the data was classified based on the scoring system proposed by Romero and Cunha, where the completeness of the variables was classified as excellent (not completeness <5%); good (not completeness from 5 to 10%); regular (non-completion from 10 to 20%); bad (not completeness from 20 to 50%) and very bad (not completeness ≥ 50%). Result: It was observed that the global completeness of the variables was better in the regional scenario than in the national scenario. Through a detailed analysis of the variables, some relevant findings were identified, in the context for the sociodemographic and etiological characterization, there was a “very bad” completeness for the variable level of education, both in the regional and national context. In the variable color or race declared by the patient, it presented “bad” completeness at the national level. In the evaluation of the variables related to the clinical condition and evolution of the cases, the variable, date of discharge or death, showed completeness "very bad" in the regional context and the variable date when the patient left the Intensive Care Unit, showed completeness " very bad” in the regional context and “bad” in the national context. However, variables related to the clinical evolution and diagnosis of the cases presented low completeness both at the regional and national levels, of the 27 variables included in this list, only six (22.2%) were classified as “excellent”. It was found that this category of analysis presented the highest number of variables classified as “very bad”, both in the regional scenario 10 (37.0%) and in the national scenario 15 (44.4%). Conclusions: Through the detailed analysis of the completeness of filling out the information system for cases of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and as this is subject to updates, it is intended to support proposals for improvements in its filling. In addition, for an effective optimization of the official notification system, it is imperative that professionals and epidemiology services are adequately affected and trained, in order to guarantee a good quality of the information system. Thus envisioning assertive decision-making and well-planned public policies with effective results, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Keywords: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome. SARS-CoV-2. COVID-19. Health Information Systems. Public Health Surveillance

DO NEOCONSTITUCIONALISMO AO NOVO CONSTITUCIONALISMO LATINO-AMERICANO: UM PROCESSO DE LUTA DAS MINORIAS

Este artigo objetiva analisar a recente trajetória político-institucional do Constitucionalismo, desde o neoconstitucionalismo até o novo Constitucionalismo Latino-Americano. O estudo empreendido aponta para o fato de que embora o neoconstitucionalismo seja responsável por uma série de avanços sociais, é fácil constatar suas insuficiências institucionais. Em conseqüência a isso, surgiram diversos movimentos populares clamando pelo reconhecimento de direitos e por participação política. É nesse universo que prospera o denominado novo constitucionalismo, que, materializado na forma de Estado Plurinacional, reconheceu e garantiu direitos de parcelas minoritárias da sociedade. Utilizando-se dos métodos dedutivo e histórico como forma de abordagem do tema e partindo de um estudo bibliográfico, descritivo e jurisdicional, esta pesquisa pretende compreender as influências e as limitações do neoconstitucionalismo para o adensamento do novo constitucionalismo latino-americano nessas sociedades. O presente estudo nos permitiu concluir, todavia, que muitas delas ainda possuem traços das suas Constituições anteriores, com características autoritárias, mas que de forma gradual vem conseguindo grandes conquistas sociais

Factors associated with the lethality of patients hospitalized with severe acute respiratory syndrome due to COVID-19 in Brazil.

Due to the high rates of transmission and deaths due to COVID-19, understanding the factors associated with its occurrence, as well as monitoring and implementing control measures should be priority actions in health surveillance, highlighting the use of epidemiological surveillance information systems as an important ally. Thus, the objectives of this study were to calculate the mortality rate of hospitalized patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome due to COVID-19 and to identify factors associated with death, in the period corresponding to epidemiological weeks 01 to 53 of the year 2020. This was a longitudinal study, using the national influenza epidemiological surveillance information system database, routinely collected by healthcare services. The sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of 563,051 hospitalized patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome due to COVID-19 in the five regions of Brazil were analyzed. Cox regression was performed to assess factors associated with patient death during hospitalization. The national lethality rate was 35.7%, and the highest rates of lethality occurred in the Northeast (44.3%) and North (41.2%) regions. During the hospital stay, death was associated with older age (Hazard Ratio-HR = 1.026; p<0.001); male sex (HR = 1.052; p<0.001); living in the North (HR = 1.429; p<0.001), Northeast (HR = 1.271; p<0.001) or Southeast regions of Brazil (HR = 1.040; p<0.001), presenting any risk factor (HR = 1.129; p< 0.001), the use of invasive (HR = 2.865; p<0.001) or noninvasive (HR = 1.401; p<0.001) mechanical ventilation devices. A high case lethality rate was evidenced in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome due to COVID-19, however, deaths were not evenly distributed across the country's regions, being heavily concentrated in the Northeast and North regions. Older male patients living in the North, Northeast, or Southeast regions of Brazil, who presented any risk factor and were submitted to the use of invasive or noninvasive mechanical ventilation devices, presented a higher risk of evolving to death