¿Cuál es el estilo parental óptimo para adolescentes con baja vs. alta autoeficacia? Autoconcepto, desajuste psicológico y rendimiento académico de los adolescentes en el contexto español

The aim of this paper is to establish which parenting style is associated with optimum outcomes among adolescents of Spanish families considering adolescents with low vs. high self-efficacy. Although classical studies identify the authoritative parenting style (based on warmth and strictness) as the best parental strategy, emerging research seriously questions the benefits of parental strictness. Additionally, the impact of parenting on the adolescent’s psychosocial competence has been studied for years, but less is known about whether it might vary depending on individual characteristics of the adolescent (e.g., self-efficacy). Participants were 1029 Spanish adolescents, 453 males (44%), aged 12-17 years. Families were classified in one of the parenting styles groups (authoritative, authoritarian, indulgent, or neglectful), and adolescents were grouped by low vs. high self-efficacy. Adolescent psychosocial competence was examined through emotional and academic self-concept, psychological maladjustment (hostility/aggression, negative self-esteem, emotional responsivity, instability, and negative view of the world), and academic performance (grade point average and number of failing grades). Main and interaction effects of parenting style and adolescent self-efficacy were tested. Main effect results indicated that adolescents with low self-efficacy were always associated with the worst psychosocial competence. Consistently, the main effect findings indicated that adolescents from indulgent and authoritative families were associated with better results than those from neglectful and authoritarian families. However, the indulgent parenting style yielded the best results. The impact of parenting might not be the same for adolescents in all cultural contexts. Contrary to findings from classical studies, parental strictness seems to be unnecessary or even detrimental for adolescents with low and high self-efficacy.El objetivo de este estudio es identificar qué estilo parental se asocia con resultados óptimos entre los adolescentes de familias españolas considerando aquellos con baja vs. alta autoeficacia. Los participantes fueron 1029 adolescentes españoles, 453 varones (44%), de 12 a 17 años. Aunque los estudios clásicos identifican el estilo autorizativo (basado en el afecto y la severidad) como la mejor estrategia socializadora, las investigaciones emergentes cuestionan seriamente los beneficios de la severidad parental. Además, el impacto de la socialización parental en la competencia psicosocial del adolescente se ha estudiado durante años, pero se sabe menos sobre si podría variar en función de las características individuales del adolescente (e.g., la autoeficacia). Las familias fueron clasificadas por estilo parental (autorizativo, autoritario, indulgente o negligente), y los adolescentes por baja vs. alta autoeficacia. La competencia psicosocial se examinó a través del autoconcepto emocional y académico, el desajuste psicológico (hostilidad/agresión, autoestima negativa, irresponsividad emocional, inestabilidad emocional y visión negativa del mundo) y el rendimiento académico (nota media y número de cursos repetidos). Se comprobaron los efectos principales y de interacción de estilo parental y autoeficacia. Los resultados de los efectos principales indicaron que los adolescentes con baja autoeficacia presentaban siempre la peor competencia psicosocial. También que los adolescentes de familias indulgentes y autorizativas presentaron mejores resultados que los de familias negligentes y autoritarias. Sin embargo, el estilo parental indulgente se asoció a los mejores resultados. El impacto de la socialización parental podría no ser igual en todos los contextos culturales. Frente a los resultados de los estudios clásicos, la severidad parental parece ser innecesaria o incluso perjudicial para los adolescentes con baja y alta autoeficacia

Effect of Terminal Groups of Dendrimers in the Complexation with Antisense Oligonucleotides and Cell Uptake

Indexación: Web of Science.Poly(amidoamine) dendrimers are the most recognized class of dendrimer. Amino-terminated (PAMAM-NH2) and hydroxyl-terminated (PAMAM-OH) dendrimers of generation 4 are widely used, since they are commercially available. Both have different properties, mainly based on their different overall charges at physiological pH. Currently, an important function of dendrimers as carriers of short single-stranded DNA has been applied. These molecules, known as antisense oligonucleotides (asODNs), are able to inhibit the expression of a target mRNA. Whereas PAMAM-NH2 dendrimers have shown to be able to transfect plasmid DNA, PAMAM-OH dendrimers have not shown the same successful results. However, little is known about their interaction with shorter and more flexible molecules such as asODNs. Due to several initiatives, the use of these neutral dendrimers as a scaffold to introduce other functional groups has been proposed. Because of its low cytotoxicity, it is relevant to understand the molecular phenomena involving these types of dendrimers. In this work, we studied the behavior of an antisense oligonucleotide in presence of both types of dendrimers using molecular dynamics simulations, in order to elucidate if they are able to form stable complexes. In this manner, we demonstrated at atomic level that PAMAM-NH2, unlike PAMAM-OH, could form a well-compacted complex with asODN, albeit PAMAM-OH can also establish stable interactions with the oligonucleotide. The biological activity of asODN in complex with PAMAM-NH2 dendrimer was also shown. Finally, we revealed that in contact with PAMAM-OH, asODN remains outside the cells as TIRF microscopy results showed, due to its poor interaction with this dendrimer and cell membranes.http://nanoscalereslett.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s11671-016-1260-

Metodología para la generación automática de reglas borrosas y ajuste adaptativo de funciones de pertenencia por medio de una arquitectura de red neural netfuz 1.0

In the generation of the Fuzzy Inference Systems, the primordial task is the extraction and the tuning of the memberships functions and the fuzzy rules. However, when using the traditional methods to carry out this task, the obtained results are not the prospective ones and in most of cases serious inconveniences are presented. This article presents a methodological proposal base in Artificial Neural Networks that allows extracting the fuzzy rules and the parameters of the functions of membership of a Fuzzy Inference System type Sugeno automatically, leaving of a group of data input-output. The development of a software is contemplated that will facilitate the application in the control of processes, the prediction and the estimate of parameters.En la generación de los Sistemas de Inferencia Borrosos, la tarea primordial es la extracción y el ajuste de las funciones de pertenencia y las reglas borrosas. Sin embargo, al usar los métodos tradicionales para realizar esta tarea, los resultados obtenidos no son los esperados y en la mayoría de casos se presentan graves inconvenientes. Este artículo presenta una propuesta metodológica basada en Redes Neuronales Artificiales que permite extraer automáticamente las reglas borrosas y los parámetros de las funciones de membresía de un Sistema de Inferencia Borroso tipo Sugeno, partiendo de un conjunto de datos entrada-salida. Se contempla el desarrollo de un software que facilitará la aplicación en el control de procesos, la predicción y la estimación de parámetros

Metodología para la generación automática de reglas borrosas y ajuste adaptativo de funciones de pertenencia por medio de una arquitectura de red neural netfuz 1.0

In the generation of the Fuzzy Inference Systems, the primordial task is the extraction and the tuning of the memberships functions and the fuzzy rules. However, when using the traditional methods to carry out this task, the obtained results are not the prospective ones and in most of cases serious inconveniences are presented. This article presents a methodological proposal base in Artificial Neural Networks that allows extracting the fuzzy rules and the parameters of the functions of membership of a Fuzzy Inference System type Sugeno automatically, leaving of a group of data input-output. The development of a software is contemplated that will facilitate the application in the control of processes, the prediction and the estimate of parameters.En la generación de los Sistemas de Inferencia Borrosos, la tarea primordial es la extracción y el ajuste de las funciones de pertenencia y las reglas borrosas. Sin embargo, al usar los métodos tradicionales para realizar esta tarea, los resultados obtenidos no son los esperados y en la mayoría de casos se presentan graves inconvenientes. Este artículo presenta una propuesta metodológica basada en Redes Neuronales Artificiales que permite extraer automáticamente las reglas borrosas y los parámetros de las funciones de membresía de un Sistema de Inferencia Borroso tipo Sugeno, partiendo de un conjunto de datos entrada-salida. Se contempla el desarrollo de un software que facilitará la aplicación en el control de procesos, la predicción y la estimación de parámetros

¿Cuál es el estilo parental óptimo para adolescentes con baja vs. alta autoeficacia? Autoconcepto, desajuste psicológico y rendimiento académico de los adolescentes en el contexto español

The aim of this paper is to establish which parenting style is associated with optimum outcomes among adolescents of Spanish families considering adolescents with low vs. high self-efficacy. Although classical studies identify the authoritative parenting style (based on warmth and strictness) as the best parental strategy, emerging research seriously questions the benefits of parental strictness. Additionally, the impact of parent-ing on the adolescent’s psychosocial competence has been studied for years, but less is known about whether it might vary depending on individual characteristics of the adolescent (e.g., self-efficacy). Participants were 1029 Spanish adolescents, 453 males (44%), aged 12-17 years. Families were classified in one of the parenting styles groups (authoritative, authoritarian, indulgent, or neglectful), and adolescents were grouped by low vs. high self-efficacy. Adolescent psychosocial competence was examined through emotional and academic self-concept, psychological maladjustment (hostility/aggression, negative self-esteem, emotional responsivity, instability, and negative view of the world), and academic performance (grade point average and number of failing grades). Main and interaction effects of parenting style and adolescent self-efficacy were tested. Main effect results indicated that adolescents with low self-efficacy were always as-sociated with the worst psychosocial competence. Consistently, the main effect findings indicated that adolescents from indulgent and authoritative families were associated with better results than those from neglectful and authoritarian families. However, the indulgent parenting style yielded the best results. The impact of parenting might not be the same for adolescents in all cultural contexts. Contrary to findings from classical studies, parental strictness seems to be unnecessary or even detrimental for adolescents with low and high self-efficacy.El objetivo de este estudio es identificar qué estilo parental se asocia con resultados óptimos entre los adolescentes de familias españolas considerando aquellos con baja vs. alta autoeficacia. Los participantes fue-ron 1029 adolescentes españoles, 453 varones (44%), de 12 a 17 años. Aunque los estudios clásicos identifican el estilo autorizativo (basado en el afecto y la severidad)como la mejor estrategia socializadora, las investigaciones emergentes cuestionan seriamente los beneficios de la severidad parental. Además, el impacto de la socialización parental en la competencia psicosocial del adolescente se ha estudiado durante años, pero se sabe me-nos sobre si podría variar en función de las características individuales del adolescente (e.g., la autoeficacia). Las familias fueron clasificadas por estilo parental (autorizativo, autoritario, indulgente o negligente), y los adolescentes por baja vs. alta autoeficacia. La competencia psicosocial se examinó a través del autoconcepto emocional y académico, el desajuste psicológico (hostilidad/agresión, autoestima negativa, irresponsividad emocional, inestabilidad emocional y visión negativa del mundo) y el rendimiento académico (nota media y número de cursos repetidos). Se comprobaron los efectos principales y de interacción de estilo parental y autoeficacia. Los resultados de los efectos principales indicaron que los adolescentes con baja autoeficacia presentaban siempre la peor competencia psicosocial. También que los adolescentes de familias indulgentes y autorizativas presentaron mejores resultados que los de familias negligentes y autoritarias. Sin embargo, el estilo parental indulgente se asoció a los mejores resultados. El impacto de la socialización parental podría no ser igual en todos los contextos culturales. Frente a los resultados de los estudios clásicos, la severidad parental parece ser innecesaria o incluso perjudicial para los adolescentes con baja y alta autoeficacia

Sprint performance and mechanical outputs computed with an iPhone app: Comparison with existing reference methods

The purpose of this study was to assess validity and reliability of sprint performance outcomes measured with an iPhone application (named: MySprint) and existing field methods (i.e. timing photocells and radar gun). To do this, 12 highly trained male sprinters performed 6 maximal 40-m sprints during a single session which were simultaneously timed using 7 pairs of timing photocells, a radar gun and a newly developed iPhone app based on high-speed video recording. Several split times as well as mechanical outputs computed from the model proposed by Samozino et al. [(2015). A simple method for measuring power, force, velocity properties, and mechanical effectiveness in sprint running. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12490] were then measured by each system, and values were compared for validity and reliability purposes. First, there was an almost perfect correlation between the values of time for each split of the 40-m sprint measured with MySprint and the timing photocells (r = 0.989–0.999, standard error of estimate = 0.007–0.015 s, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 1.0). Second, almost perfect associations were observed for the maximal theoretical horizontal force (F0), the maximal theoretical velocity (V0), the maximal power (Pmax) and the mechanical effectiveness (DRF – decrease in the ratio of force over acceleration) measured with the app and the radar gun (r = 0.974–0.999, ICC = 0.987–1.00). Finally, when analysing the performance outputs of the six different sprints of each athlete, almost identical levels of reliability were observed as revealed by the coefficient of variation (MySprint: CV = 0.027–0.14%; reference systems: CV = 0.028–0.11%). Results on the present study showed that sprint performance can be evaluated in a valid and reliable way using a novel iPhone app.Actividad Física y Deport

Factores legales que inciden en el proceso de inmatriculación ante la Superintendencia Nacional de Registros Públicos en Barranca, 2022

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo general el determinar los factores legales que inciden en el proceso de inmatriculación ante la Superintendencia Nacional de los Registros Públicos en Barranca, 2022. El enfoque de estudio fue cualitativo, de tipo básica de diseño general exploratorio. La población fueron 10 abogados especialistas en materia civil del Distrito de Barranca y la muestra estuvo constituida por 8 abogados en donde se precisa que todos cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. El instrumento utilizado para la recolección de información fue la entrevista semiestructurada. En donde se concluyó que el factor económico es aquel que incide en el proceso de inmatriculación ante la Superintendencia Nacional de Registros Públicos en Barranca, ya que muchos usuarios no tienen suficiente dinero para poder cubrir gastos administrativos y municipales altos de acuerdo a los requisitos que se piden para poder iniciar el proceso de inmatriculación

Elaboración de un sistema de gestión ambiental basado en la Norma ISO 14001 - 2015 en la Empresa CIAUTO de la ciudad de Ambato

El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo elaborar un sistema de gestión ambiental de acuerdo a los requerimientos de la norma ISO 14001-2015, en búsqueda de una mejora de las condiciones ambientales en la empresa CIAUTO CÍA. LTDA de la ciudad de Ambato. Para lo cual se identificaron los impactos ambientales generados en la organización a partir de la Matriz de Leopold, herramienta que permite determinar las acciones y actividades con una probable afectación al medio ambiente por parte de la organización. Adicionalmente para la valoración y evaluación de los impactos ambientales se utilizó el Método de Criterios Relevantes, el mismo que permite especificar la severidad que tiene cada impacto calificándolos como: leve, moderado, severo, crítico o representativo, según su afectación al medio ambiente. En la evaluación realizada se identificó un total de 286 impactos ambientales, de los cuales un 76% son considerados negativos y el 24% restante son impactos positivos, siendo los procesos efectuados en la nave de pintura los que producen una mayor alteración de las condiciones ambientales, principalmente actividades como la preparación y aplicación de color a las carrocerías o las tareas realizadas en las 11 cubas industriales que dispone la empresa. Además, a partir de los resultados obtenidos se desarrolló el manual del sistema de gestión ambiental, el cual cuenta con 11 procedimientos, 20 documentos, 1 plan de manejo ambiental y 18 registros de control ambiental para la correcta administración de los desechos generados en todas las actividades de la empresa. Se recomienda a la organización implementar toda la documentación elaborada para mejorar las condiciones ambientales de las diferentes áreas y procesos.The main objective of this research work was to develop an environmental management system according to the requirements of ISO 14001-2015, in search of an improvement of environmental conditions in the company CIAUTO CO. LTDA of Ambato’s city. For which the environmental impacts generated in the organization were identified from the Leopold Matrix, a tool that allows to determine the actions and activities with a likely impact on the environment by the organization. In addition, the Method of Relevant Criteria was used for the assessment and evaluation of environmental impacts, which allows to specify the severity that each impact has by qualifying them as: mild, moderate, severe, critical, or representative, depending on its impact on the environment. The evaluation identified a total of 286 environmental impacts, of which 76% are considered negative and the remaining 24% are positive impacts, with the processes carried out in the paintship that produce the greatest alteration of environmental conditions, mainly activities such as the preparation and application of color to the bodies or the tasks carried out in the 11 industrial vats available to the company. In addition, from the results obtained, the manual of the environmental management system was developed, which has 11 procedures, 20 documents, an environmental management plan and 18 environmental control records for the correct management of waste generated in all the activities of the company. The organization is recommended to implement all the documentation prepared to improve the environmental conditions of the different areas and processes

A New HPLC-MS Method for Measuring Maslinic Acid and Oleanolic Acid in HT29 and HepG2 Human Cancer Cells

Maslinic acid (MA) and oleanolic acid (OA), the main triterpenic acids present in olive, have important properties for health and disease prevention. MA selectively inhibits cell proliferation of the HT29 human colon-cancer cell line by inducing selective apoptosis. For measuring the MA and OA concentration inside the cell and in the culture medium, a new HPLC-MS procedure has been developed. With this method, a determination of the amount of MA and OA incorporated into HT29 and HepG2 human cancer-cell lines incubated with different concentrations of MA corresponding to 50% growth inhibitory concentration (IC50), IC50/2, IC50/4, and IC50/8 has been made. The results demonstrate that this method is appropriate for determining the MA and OA concentration in different types of cultured cells and reveals the specific dynamics of entry of MA into HT29 and HepG2 cells.This work was supported by research grant BIO-157 and BIO-341 of the Plan Andaluz de Investigación, Junta de Andalucía, Spain

Hexagonal Photonic Crystal Fiber Behaviour as a Chromatic Dispersion Compensator of a 40 Gbps Link

In this paper, the capabilities of chromatic dispersion compensation of a photonic crystal fiber with a hexagonal distribution of circular air holes was investigated. The vector finite element method with scattering boundary condition was used to analyze a set of configurations of the fiber in which the distance between air holes’ centers was modified. With this method it was possible to obtain the values of chromatic dispersion and confinement factor in the C fiber band. The best suited configurations were tested in a 160 km optical link with a bit rate of 40 Gbps. The performance was evaluated by measuring the bit error rate for a set of 20 channels with channel spacing of 100 GHz. The simulation results showed that is possible to reach values of chromatic dispersion as low as -850 ps/(nm⋅km) , confinement losses close to 10─3 dB/km and good BER results in the order of 〖10〗^(-17) for a wavelength of 1550 nm