String Theory and Hybrid Inflation/Acceleration

We find a description of hybrid inflation in (3+1)-dimensions using brane dynamics of Hanany-Witten type. P-term inflation/acceleration of the universe with the hybrid potential has a slow-roll de Sitter stage and a waterfall stage which leads towards an N=2 supersymmetric ground state. We identify the slow-roll stage of inflation with a non-supersymmetric `Coulomb phase' with Fayet-Iliopoulos term. This stage ends when the mass squared of one of the scalars in the hypermultiplet becomes negative. At that moment the brane system starts undergoing a phase transition via tachyon condensation to a fully Higgsed supersymmetric vacuum which is the absolute ground state of P-term inflation. A string theory/cosmology dictionary is provided, which leads to constraints on parameters of the brane construction from cosmological experiments. We display a splitting of mass levels reminiscent of the Zeeman effect due to spontaneous supersymmetry breaking.Comment: 1+21 pages, 5 figures, LaTeX; one figure added; included computation of supertrace of mass squared for the string theory and discussion of relation to spontaneous breaking of supersymmetry; several typos corrected; references adde

Intra- and intercycle interference of electron emission in laser assisted XUV atomic ionization

We study the ionization of atomic hydrogen in the direction of polarization due to a linearly polarized XUV pulse in the presence a strong field IR. We describe the photoelectron spectra as an interference problem in the time domain. Electron trajectories steming from different optical laser cycles give rise to intercycle interference energy peaks known as sidebands. These sidebands are modulated by a grosser structure coming from the intracycle interference of the two electron trajectories born during the same optical cycle. We make use of a simple semiclassical model which offers the possibility to establish a connection between emission times and the photoelectron kinetic energy. We compare the semiclassical predictions with the continuum-distorted wave strong field approximation and the ab initio solution of the time dependent Schr\"odinger equation. We analyze such interference pattern as a function of the time delay between the IR and XUV pulse and also as a function of the laser intensity

Adding value to local resources specifically tailored for developing São Paulo State’s vitiviniculture

São Paulo state’s vitiviniculture ranks second in Brazil, being characterized by the production of table grapes and wines derived from American and hybrid varieties. Despite its economic, social, and environmental benefits, the state’s vitiviniculture has witnessed an increasing dependence on grapes produced in other states over the last decade. Besides adding to the cost of producing wine in São Paulo, grape imports from the state of Rio Grande do Sul compromises not only product quality, but also the process of creating an identity for the product. To give a new impetus to the production of grapes and wines in São Paulo, the State of São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) developed a project called “Revitalizing São Paulo’s Vitivinicultural Chain,” a joint effort by the state’s Agriculture and Supply Secretariat, Federation of Industries, municipal governments, and main unions and cooperatives of the industry. Data about vitiviniculture was gathered from specific questionnaires given to grape growers and wine producers in the municipalities of Jarinu, Jundiaí, São Miguel Arcanjo, and São Roque. This information enabled the creation of an original database for the state’s sector. The analyses of São Paulo’s vitivinicultural chain conducted through this project allowed us to address policy issues focused on reinforcing special product attributes related to specific territorial resources. This process resulted from the valorization of the characteristic cultural diversity of the state, including the social values constructed by people of Italian, Japanese, and Portuguese heritage over the course of the region’s history. From this perspective, the project proposed differentiation strategies based on specific territorial resources, primarily typical grape varieties such as the Niagara and the IAC 138-22 “Máximo.” Thus, the strategies aimed at building an identity for the state’s wines include recovering the traditional cultural attributes of São Paulo’s vitiviniculture and developing the production of the local wine grape varieties.territorial resources, development, vitiviniculture., Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Labor and Human Capital,

Developmental trajectories of body mass index and emotional-behavioral functioning of underweight children. A longitudinal study

Although several studies have addressed developmental trajectories from childhood to adolescence of internalizing/externalizing problems, limited attention has been given to underweight children. Two groups were recruited for this study from a community sample: underweight (Ug, N = 80, 50% female) and normal weight (NWg, N = 80, 50% female) to examine the developmental trajectories of body mass index and emotional-behavioral functioning of underweight children from the age two years, and their risk of eating disorder at early adolescence. The study was organized over four waves, each of three years. Pediatricians measured BMI, parents completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Eating Disorders Inventory-Referral Form (EDI-3-RF). Our results showed that children in the two groups recorded different BMI trajectories over time. In NWg, male and female subjects started from a higher BMI at T1 than their peers. In Ug, internalizing and externalizing problems in males and females remained higher than their peers at all points of assessment. Males and females in Ug scored higher than those in NWg on EDI-3-RF total score. Our results indicate a need for effective physical and psychological assessment of underweight children in community samples to prevent psychological difficulties and eating disorders in adolescenc

Trajectories of aggressive and depressive symptoms in male and female overweight children. Do they share a common path or do they follow different routes?

The prevalence of childhood overweight is a major social and public health issue, and primary assessment should focus on early and middle childhood, because weight gain in these phases constitutes a strong predictor of subsequent negative outcomes. Studies on community samples have shown that growth curves may follow linear or non-linear trajectories from early to middle childhood, and can differ based on sex. Overweight children may exhibit a combination of physiological and psychosocial issues, and several studies have demonstrated an association between overweight and internalizing/externalizing behavior. Nevertheless, there is a dearth of longitudinal studies on depressive and aggressive symptoms in children with high BMI. This study adopted a growth curve modeling over three phases to: (1) describe BMI trajectories in two groups of children aged 2–8 (overweight and normal weight) from a community sample; (2) describe the developmental trajectories of children’s aggressive and depressive symptoms from 2 to 8 years of age. Results indicate higher BMI in 2-year-old girls, with males catching up with them by age 8. While overweight females’ BMIs were consistently high, males’ increased at 5 and 8 years. The mean scores for aggressive symptoms at T1 (2 years of age) were the same in all subjects, but a significant deviation occurred from T1 to T2 in both samples, in divergent directions. With regards to children’s depressive symptoms, the two groups had different starting points, with normal weight children scoring lower than overweight youths. Overweight females showed lower depressive scores than overweight males at T1, but they surpassed boys before T2, and showed more maladaptive symptoms at T3. This study solicits professionals working in pediatric settings to consider overweight children’s psychopathological risk, and to be aware that even when children’s BMI does not increase from 2 to 8 years, their psychopathological symptoms may grow in intensit

Non-constant ponderomotive energy in above threshold ionization by intense short laser pulses

We analyze the contribution of the quiver kinetic energy acquired by an electron in an oscillating electric field to the energy balance in atomic ionization processes by a short laser pulse. Due to the time dependence of this additional kinetic energy, a temporal average is assumed to maintain a stationary energy conservation rule. This rule is used to predict the position of the peaks observed in the photo electron spectra (PE). For a flat top pulse envelope, the mean value of the quiver energy over the whole pulse leads to the concept of ponderomotive energy $U_{p}$. However for a short pulse with a fast changing field intensity a stationarity approximation could not be precise. We check these concepts by studying first the photoelectron (PE) spectrum within the Semiclassical Model (SCM) for a multiple steps pulses. The SCM offers the possibility to establish a connection between emission times and the PE spectrum in the energy domain. We show that PE substructures stem from ionization at different times mapping the pulse envelope. We also present the analysis of the PE spectrum for a realistic sine-squared envelope within the Coulomb-Volkov and \textit{ab initio} calculations solving the time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation. We found that the electron emission amplitudes produced at different times interfere with each other and produce a new additional pattern, that overlap the above-threshold ionization (ATI) peaks.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure

Analysis of Intention and Practices of Collaboration with Stakeholders in Brazil

Objective: Our objective was to analyze the intention and practice of collaboration of managers in Brazilian private companies regarding their stakeholders. Method: In this research we aimed to analyze a sample of 149 Brazilian companies that have (or not) collaboration features with stakeholders. It is a quantitative research with the use of primary search data. Regarding the techniques, this research was conducted through an electronic survey platform and the measuring instrument was a questionnaire with closed questions, measured with a Likert scale, and forwarded to e-mail addresses of managers of the target companies. Originality / Relevance: This study contributes to the Stakeholders Theory in a descriptive-empirical view, considering the study of collaboration of organizations and their stakeholders in private companies. These aspects are still little explored in the Brazilian literature of companies’ stakeholders. Results: We observed that the real benefits of collaboration with stakeholders are still unclear in the context of Brazilian companies. Both consumers and shareholders are still perceived by managers as the most salient elements in the corporate social responsibility in Brazilian companies. Although, results also indicated that managers’ intention in the companies we studied is to contribute with their stakeholders as stated by Jones (1995) and Halal (2001). Theoretical / methodological contributions: The main contribution of this study was to bring insights into the practices of managers in Brazilian companies on collaboration with stakeholders from international practices, subject especially studied by Halal (2001)

A Systematic Review of the Debate and the Researchers of Disruptive Innovation

Despite the popularity of the term “disruptive innovation”, its applications have taken on different meanings. Clayton Christensen is a prominent author in the field but his approach has not been applied in a consistent manner. To elucidate the use of the term in business studies, this paper employs a bibliometric approach to provide a descriptive analysis of researchers and their relevant works in the network formed by the related literature, in addition to distinguishing and grouping associated authors. The results suggest a dissimilarity of objectives between two subgroups using the term “disruptive innovation”, and the discussion about Clayton Christensen’s specific meaning of the term seems to make sense to only one of them

The Major Soybean Allergen Gly m Bd 28K Induces Hypersensitivity Reactions in Mice Sensitized to Cow's Milk Proteins

Reactions to soy have been reported in a proportion of patients with IgE-mediated cow’s milk allergy (CMA). In this work, we analyzed if Gly m Bd 28K/P28, one of the major soybean allergens, is a cross-reactive allergen with cow milk proteins (CMP). We showed that P28 was recognized by IgE sera from CMA patients and activated human peripheral basophils degranulation. Moreover, IgE sera of mice exclusively sensitized to CMP recognized P28. Splenocytes from sensitized animals secreted IL-5 and IL-13 when incubated with CMP or soy proteins, but only IL-13 when treated with P28. In addition, a skin test was strongly positive for CMP and weakly positive for P28. Remarkably, milk-sensitized mice showed hypersensitivity symptoms following sublingual challenge with P28 or CMP. With the use of bioinformatics’ tools seven putative cross-reactive epitopes were identified. In conclusion, using in vitro and in vivo tests we demonstrated that P28 is a novel cross-reactive allergen with CMP.Fil: Candreva, Ángela María. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos; ArgentinaFil: Smaldini, Paola Lorena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos; ArgentinaFil: Curciarello, Renata. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos; ArgentinaFil: Fossati, Carlos Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos; ArgentinaFil: Docena, Guillermo H.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos; ArgentinaFil: Petruccelli, Silvana. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos; Argentin

“Da cidade às montanhas”: experiências de deslocamentos, reencontros na celebração do Dia dos Mortos em Bobonaro, Timor-Leste

Em Timor-Leste o Dia dos Mortos é um feriado nacional, um evento em que muitas pessoas residentes em Díli, a capital do país, se organizam para retornar às suas uma lulik ou casas sagradas nos municípios. Este ensaio trata da importância do culto aos ancestrais, tal como configurada na celebração do Dia dos Mortos na Casa Sagrada Dom Caileto, no município de Bobonaro, em novembro de 2016. Este evento mobiliza investimentos de ordens diversas. Isto implica um intenso trânsito de pessoas e circulação de comidas, bebidas, cigarros, velas e flores de Díli para os municípios ou, como é dito localmente, “da cidade para as montanhas”.In East Timor, Dia dos Mortos is a national holiday; it is an event in which many residents of Díli, the capital city, get together in order to return to their uma lulik, the sacred houses of the municipalities. This essay handles the importance of the ancestors’ cult, the way it is configured during the celebration of Dia dos Mortos at Casa Sagrada Dom Caileto, in the municipality of Bobonaro, in November 2016. This event mobilizes investments of multiple orders, implies an intense traffic of people and circulation of food, beverages, cigarettes, candles and flowers from Díli to the municipalities or, as it is commonly said, “from the city to the mountains”