A utilização da argamassa na reparação de pilares de concreto armado

Comunicação apresentada em 44º Congresso Brasileiro do Concreto, Belo Horizonte, 2002Este trabalho visa analisar o comportamento de pilares de concreto armado reparados com argamassa, considerando a importância das propriedades dos materiais envolvidos neste tipo de intervenção. Para tal, procedeu-se a moldagem e reparação estrutural de modelos reduzidos de pilares de concreto armado e posterior ensaio até a ruptura. Foram avaliados dois tipos de argamassas de reparação, uma cimentícia e outra polimérica. O estudo consistiu na análise dos resultados dos ensaios através da comparação entre as diferentes soluções de reparação testadas (tipos de argamassas adotadas) verificando-se a qualidade e a eficácia do funcionamento do conjunto e do comportamento da interface de ligação à compressão. Sendo de grande importância as propriedades dos materiais envolvidos na interação entre o concreto e o material de reparação, foram realizados ensaios de caracterização desses materiais, assim como a avaliação da aderência entre a argamassa e o substrato de concreto e a retração das argamassas e do concreto ao longo do tempo

Detection of tuberculosis drug resistance a comparison by Mycobacterium tuberculosis MLPA assay versus Genotype®MTBDRplus

BACKGROUND: To cope with the emergence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), new molecular methods that can routinely be used to screen for a wide range of drug resistance related genetic markers in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome are urgently needed. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of multiplex ligaton-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) against Genotype® MTBDRplus to detect resistance to isoniazid (INHr) and rifampicin (RIFr). METHOD: 96 culture isolates characterised for identification, drug susceptibility testing (DST) and sequencing of rpoB, katG, and inhA genes were evaluated by the MLPA and Genotype®MTBDRplus assays. RESULTS: With sequencing as a reference standard, sensitivity (SE) to detect INHr was 92.8% and 85.7%, and specificity (SP) was 100% and 97.5%, for MLPA and Genotype®MTBDRplus, respectively. In relation to RIFr, SE was 87.5% and 100%, and SP was 100% and 98.8%, respectively. Kappa value was identical between Genotype®MTBDRplus and MLPA compared with the standard DST and sequencing for detection of INHr [0.83 (0.75-0.91)] and RIFr [0.93 (0.88-0.98)]. CONCLUSION: Compared to Genotype®MTBDRplus, MLPA showed similar sensitivity to detect INH and RIF resistance. The results obtained by the MLPA and Genotype®MTBDRplus assays indicate that both molecular tests can be used for the rapid detection of drug-resistant TB with high accuracy. MLPA has the added value of providing information on the circulating M. tuberculosis lineages.publishersversionpublishe

Tissue Factor-dependent Coagulation Activation By Heme: A Thromboelastometry Study

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Heme has been characterized as potent trigger of inflammation. In hemostasis, although heme has been shown to both induce and inhibit different compartments of hemostasis, its net effect on the hemostatic balance, and the biological relevance of these effects remain to be determined. Herein we evaluated the effect of heme on hemostasis using a global assay able to generate clinically relevant data in several other complex hemostatic diseases. Citrated whole blood samples from healthy participants were stimulated by heme or vehicle and incubated for 4h at 37 degrees C. Rotational thromboelastometry was immediately performed. The participation of tissue factor in coagulation activation was evaluated using inhibitory antibody. Heme was able of inducing ex vivo coagulation activation in whole blood, affecting predominantly parameters associated with the initial phases of clot formation. This activation effect was at least partially dependent on hematopoietic tissue factor, since the effects of heme were partially abrogated by the inhibition of human tissue factor. In conclusion, using a global hemostasis assay, our study confirmed that heme is able to activate coagulation in whole blood, in a tissue factor-dependent way. These findings could explain the disturbance in hemostatic balance observed in conditions associated with the release of heme such as sickle cell disease.124Fapesp [2013/09319-0, 2014/00984-3, 2015/24666-3]CNPq-Brazil [2014/457780]Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Haptoglobin genotypes and refractory hypertension in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that haptoglobin polymorphism may influence the pathogenesis of microvascular and macrovascular complications in diabetic patients. OBJECTIVE: This cross sectional study was carried out to investigate the existence or not of an association between haptoglobin genotypes and prevalence of ischemic cardiovascular events (stable angina, unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction), systemic arterial hypertension, refractory hypertension, obesity and dyslipidemia in 120 type-2 diabetes mellitus patients followed up at Hospital de Clínicas da UNICAMP in Campinas, São Paulo state, southeastern Brazil. METHODS: Haptoglobin genotyping was performed by allele-specific polymerase chain reactions. The frequencies of the haptoglobin genotypes were compared with the presence/absence of cardiovascular disease, systemic arterial hypertension, refractory hypertension, obesity and dyslipidemia; systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements; plasma levels of glucose, cholesterol (total, high density lipoprotein-HDL and low density lipoprotein-LDL) and triglycerides; and serum creatinine levels. RESULTS: Although no association between haptoglobin genotype and the presence of cardiovascular disease could be identified, we found a significant excess of patients with Hp2-1 genotype among those with refractory hypertension, who also had higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and total and LDL cholesterol levels. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that type-2 diabetes mellitus patients with the Hp2-1 genotype may have higher chances of developing refractory hypertension. Further studies in other diabetic populations are required to confirm these findings.FUNDAMENTO: Tem sido sugerido que o polimorfismo da haptoglobina pode influenciar na patogênese das complicações microvasculares e macrovasculares em pacientes diabéticos. OBJETIVO: O objetivo principal deste estudo transversal foi de realizar uma investigação da existência ou não de uma associação entre os genótipos de haptoglobina e a prevalência de eventos isquêmicos cardiovasculares (angina estável, angina instável e infarto agudo do miocárdio), hipertensão arterial sistêmica, hipertensão refratária, obesidade e dislipidemia em 120 pacientes com diabete melito tipo 2, seguidos no Hospital Universitário da Unicamp, em Campinas, Estado de São Paulo. MÉTODOS: A genotipagem da haptoglobina foi realizada por reações em cadeia da polimerase alelo-específicas. As frequências dos genótipos de haptoglobina foram comparadas com a presença/ausência de doença cardiovascular, hipertensão arterial sistêmica, hipertensão refratária, obesidade e dislipidemia; medições de pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica; glicemia, colesterol (total, lipoproteínas de alta densidade - HDL e lipoproteínas de baixa densidade - LDL) e triglicerídeos; assim como níveis de creatinina sérica. RESULTADOS: Embora nenhuma associação entre o genótipo de haptoglobina e a presença de doença cardiovascular tenha sido identificada, encontramos um excesso significativo de pacientes com o genótipo Hp2-1 entre as pessoas com hipertensão refratária, que também apresentavam uma maior pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica e níveis de colesterol total e LDL. CONCLUSÃO: Nossos resultados sugerem que os pacientes com diabete melito tipo 2 com o genótipo Hp2-1 podem apresentar uma maior chance de desenvolver hipertensão refratária. Estudos adicionais em populações diabéticas são necessários para confirmar esses achados.33834

Double-pruning of ‘Syrah’ grapevines: a management strategy to harvest wine grapes during the winter in the Brazilian Southeast

Grape harvest in the major grapevine growing regions of Brazil occurs during the summer; a period with excessive rainfall. The climatic conditions during the Brazilian summer can have an adverse effect on fruit maturation and wine quality. This study compared the performance of 'Syrah' grapevines cultivated in two growing seasons. A double pruning management system was employed as a technique in the vineyard and the grapevines were cultivated in summer, a cycle normally adopted in the South and Southeast of Brazil and winter during 2005 and 2006 in a non-irrigated vineyard. Vine water stress was minimal for both growing seasons and photosynthetic rates were found to be lower in the winter than the summer. However, no differences in vegetative vigor were observed. The growing season was shorter in summer than in winter. This was predominately due to a faster ripening period in the summer. During the winter harvests, grapevines had a higher yield, accumulation of sugar, anthocyanins and total phenolic compounds, and the lowest rot incidence. Double-pruning proved to be a powerful tool to improve wine grape composition in the Brazilian Southeast. This management will allow the production of quality raw materials for the production of good wines, allowing Southeastern Brazil to enter the competitive globalized wine market.

Starch accumulation and agronomical performance of Syrah under winter cycle: responses to pruning and ethephon management

In the Brazilian Southeast, 'Syrah' grape harvested during the winter reaches better quality index than those from summer harvest. However, the management of annual double pruning to produce two grapevine growth cycles (vegetative cycle: spring – summer; reproductive cycle: autumn – winter) has increased the vineyard production costs and the vine reserve accumulation can be compromised. This study had two main objectives to improve the winter cultivation: i) to validate single pruning carried out only in summer (February) (experiment 1); to increase the reserve accumulation by ethephon (ethrel) sprayed two months before yield pruning (experiment 2). Both experiments were carried out in south of Minas Gerais State using three years old field-grown 'Syrah' grapevines grafted onto '1103 Paulsen' and trained in a vertical shoot position. The results from experiment 1 showed that grapevines pruned in summer also need to be pruned during the winter after grape harvest to avoid bud infertility during the following autumn-winter season. Single pruning reduced the starch contents in shoots, trunks and roots sampled before yield pruning and the commercial grape harvest was completely unavailable due to unfruitful shoots. On the other hand, the autumn-winter cycle was improved by ethephon sprayed in the previous vegetative growing cycle (summer cycle). During the autumn-winter cycle, sprayed grapevines showed higher starch content in trunks, high vegetative vigor and the yield and grape quality were not negatively affected

Producción científica de la enfermería en relación con el cáncer de próstata : revisión integradora

Objetivo: analisar a produção científica da enfermagem brasileira sobre câncer de próstata. Método: revisão integrativa a partir da questão norteadora: qual o conhecimento científico produzido pela enfermagem sobre câncer de próstata nos periódicos brasileiros? Com busca na Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde e consulta às bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e na coleção Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO). Foram elegíveis 11 estudos. Resultados: identificou-se que a discussão desta temática na enfermagem é algo recente e ela concentra-se, em maior parte, na região sudeste. De acordo com a abordagem temática, os assuntos mais discutidos foram: conhecimento da população masculina sobre o câncer de próstata e as barreiras de adesão aos exames de rastreamento. Conclusão: a produção científica da Enfermagem sobre a temática está em recente desenvolvimento, portanto, deve ganhar mais notoriedade em publicações nacionais, a fim de contribuir para a produção de conhecimento como subsídio para a melhoria da assistência.Objective: to analyze the scientific production of Brazilian nursing about prostate cancer. Method: integrative review from the question: “what is the scientific knowledge produced by nursing on prostate cancer in Brazilian journals?” By means a searching in the Virtual Health Library, and consultations in the database of LILACS and SciELO. Eleven studies were eligible, then categorized and analyzed with basis on the instrument elaborated; they were grouped, summarized and integrated to the discussion of review. Results: it was found that the discussion of this thematic in nursing is a recent fact and it is concentrated, mostly, in the Southeast of Brazil. According to the thematic approach, the most discussed topics were: knowledge of the male population about the prostate cancer and the barriers of adherence to screening examinations. Conclusion: the scientific production of the Nursing about prostate cancer is in recent development, therefore, should gain more prominence in national publications, in order to contribute to the production of knowledge as a support for the improvement of care.Objetivo: analizar la producción científica de la enfermería brasileña sobre el cáncer de próstata. Método: revisión integradora de la literatura, a partir de la cuestión: “¿que el conocimiento científico producido por la enfermería en el cáncer de próstata en los periódicos brasileños?”, en la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud con consulta a la base de datos LILACS y colección SciELO. Resultados: se encontró que la discusión de este tema en la enfermería es una reciente y se concentra principalmente en el sureste. De acuerdo con el enfoque temático, los temas más discutidos fueron: el conocimiento de la población masculina en el cáncer de próstata y las barreras de la adherencia a las pruebas de detección. Conclusión: La producción científica de enfermería sobre el cáncer de próstata es un fenómeno reciente, por lo tanto, debe ganar más notoriedad en publicaciones nacionales con el fin de contribuir para la producción de conocimiento con base para la mejora del cuidado

Fish oil consumption prevents glucose intolerance and hypercorticosteronemy in footshock-stressed rats

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Environmental stress plays an important role in the development of glucose intolerance influencing lipid and glucose metabolism through sympathetic nervous system, cytokines and hormones such as glucocorticoids, catecholamines and glucagon. Otherwise, fish oil prevents glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Although the mechanisms involved are not fully understood, it is known that sympathetic and HPA responses are blunted and catecholamines and glucocorticoids concentrations can be modulated by fish consumption. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether fish oil, on a normal lipidic diet: 1) could prevent the effect of footshock-stress on the development of glucose intolerance; 2) modified adiponectin receptor and serum concentration; and 3) also modified TNF-α, IL-6 and interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels in adipose tissue and liver. The study was performed in thirty day-old male Wistar randomly assigned into four groups: no stressed (C) and stressed (CS) rats fed with control diet, and no stressed (F) and stressed (FS) rats fed with a fish oil rich diet. The stress was performed as a three daily footshock stress sessions.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Body weight, carcass fat and protein content were not different among groups. FS presented a reduction on the relative weight of RET. Basal serum glucose levels were higher in CS and FS but 15 min after glucose load just CS remained with higher levels than other groups. Serum corticosterone concentration was increased in CS, this effect was inhibited in FS. However, 15 min after footshock-stress, corticosterone levels were similar among groups. IL-6 was increased in EPI of CS but fish oil consumption prevented IL-6 increase in FS. Similar levels of TNF-α and IL-10 in RET, EPI, and liver were observed among groups. Adipo R1 protein concentration was not different among groups. Footshock-stress did not modify AdipoR2 concentration, but fish oil diet increases AdipoR2 protein concentration.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Footshock-stress promotes glucose intolerance associated to corticosterone serum level and epididymal white adipose tissue IL-6 concentration increase. The fish oil consumption by stressed rats normalized the stress responses. These results suggested that fish oil intake could be useful to minimize or prevent the development of diseases associated to the stress.</p