High-fat-induced intestinal permeability dysfunction associated with altered fecal bile acids

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Mikrobilääkkeille resistentit bakteerit yleistyvät

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Intestinal permeability to iohexol as an in vivo marker of chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal toxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats

Gastrointestinal toxicity is the most common adverse effect of chemotherapy. Chemotherapeutic drugs damage the intestinal mucosa and increase intestinal permeability. Intestinal permeability is one of the key markers of gastrointestinal function and measuring intestinal permeability could serve as a useful tool for assessing the severity of chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal toxicity.Peer reviewe

Consumption of Lactose, Other FODMAPs and Diarrhoea during Adjuvant 5-Fluorouracil Chemotherapy for Colorectal Cancer

Chemotherapy-induced mucosal injury of the small intestine may interfere with the enzymes and transporters responsible for the hydrolysis and absorption of dietary carbohydrates causing diarrhoea, abdominal discomfort and pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the consumption of foods rich in FODMAPs (fermentable oligo-, di- and monosaccharides and polyols) and gastrointestinal symptoms in patients receiving adjuvant therapy for colorectal cancer. The patients (n = 52) filled in a 4-day food diary at baseline and during therapy and kept a symptom diary. The intakes of FODMAP-rich foods were calculated as portions and the intakes were divided into two consumption categories. Patients with high consumption of FODMAP-rich foods had diarrhoea more frequently than those with low consumption (for lactose-rich foods the odds ratio (OR) was 2.63, P = 0.03; and for other FODMAP-rich foods 1.82, P = 0.20). Patients with high consumption of both lactose-rich and other FODMAP-rich foods had an over 4-fold risk of developing diarrhoea as compared to those with low consumption of both (OR, 4.18; P = 0.02). These results were confirmed in multivariate models. Conclusion: Consumption of lactose-rich foods results in an increased risk of diarrhoea during adjuvant therapy for colorectal cancer, especially when the consumption of other FODMAP-rich foods is also high

Consumption of Lactose, Other FODMAPs and Diarrhoea during Adjuvant 5-Fluorouracil Chemotherapy for Colorectal Cancer

Chemotherapy-induced mucosal injury of the small intestine may interfere with the enzymes and transporters responsible for the hydrolysis and absorption of dietary carbohydrates causing diarrhoea, abdominal discomfort and pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the consumption of foods rich in FODMAPs (fermentable oligo-, di- and monosaccharides and polyols) and gastrointestinal symptoms in patients receiving adjuvant therapy for colorectal cancer. The patients (n = 52) filled in a 4-day food diary at baseline and during therapy and kept a symptom diary. The intakes of FODMAP-rich foods were calculated as portions and the intakes were divided into two consumption categories. Patients with high consumption of FODMAP-rich foods had diarrhoea more frequently than those with low consumption (for lactose-rich foods the odds ratio (OR) was 2.63, P = 0.03; and for other FODMAP-rich foods 1.82, P = 0.20). Patients with high consumption of both lactose-rich and other FODMAP-rich foods had an over 4-fold risk of developing diarrhoea as compared to those with low consumption of both (OR, 4.18; P = 0.02). These results were confirmed in multivariate models. Conclusion: Consumption of lactose-rich foods results in an increased risk of diarrhoea during adjuvant therapy for colorectal cancer, especially when the consumption of other FODMAP-rich foods is also high

Effects of the viability of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG on rotavirus infection in neonatal rats

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A Probiotic Mixture Including Galactooligosaccharides Decreases Fecal beta-Glucosidase Activity but Does Not Affect Serum Enterolactone Concentration in Men during a Two-Week Intervention

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Kehitysvammaisten lasten parissa työskentelevien lapsiryhmien kasvattajien tuen tarve Lappeenrannassa

Opinnäytetyössä selvitettiin kehitysvammaisten lasten parissa työskentelevien lapsiryhmien kasvattajien tuen tarvetta Lappeenrannassa. Tavoitteena oli selvittää, millaista tukea lapsiryhmien kasvattajat olivat saaneet, olivatko tukitoimet vastanneet heidän tarpeisiinsa ja minkälaista tukea he kokevat tarvitsevansa lisää. Lisäksi selvitettiin, oliko kehitysvammaisen lapsen läsnäolo ryhmässä muuttanut lapsiryhmien kasvattajien työskentelytapaa. Jos kehitysvammaisella lapsella oli ollut vaikutusta työskentelytapaan, tavoitteena oli selvittää, kuinka lapsiryhmän kasvattajan työskentelytapa oli muuttunut ja minkälaisia haasteita siihen mahdollisesti liittyi. Selvityksen aineisto kerättiin keväällä 2013 Webropol-kyselyllä, jolla saatiin kvantitatiivista aineistoa. Lomakekysely sisälsi lisäksi avoimia kysymyksiä, jotka tuottivat kvalitatiivista aineistoa. Kyselyyn vastasi 18 lapsiryhmän kasvattajaa. Selvityksen aineisto koottiin ja jaoteltiin selvitystehtävien mukaan, jotta sen käsitteleminen olisi helpompaa. Tulosten mukaan kehitysvammainen lapsi ryhmässä on muuttanut osan lapsiryhmien kasvattajien työskentelytapaa usealla tavalla, mutta osan työtapaan lapsen läsnäolo ei ollut vaikuttanut. Työhön liittyi vastausten mukaan useita haasteita. Lapsiryhmien kasvattajille on tarjolla useita erilaisia tukimuotoja, joista vain osa tuli esille kerätyssä aineistossa. Alle kolmannes lapsiryhmien kasvattajista esitti toiveita lisätuesta. Selvitykseen kerätyn aineiston perusteella lapsiryhmien kasvattajien asiat ovat pääsääntöisesti hyvin. Koska vastausprosentti oli vain 40 %, tulokset eivät ole yleistettävissä koskemaan kaikkia Lappeenrannan kehitysvammaisten parissa työskenteleviä lapsiryhmien kasvattajia. Tämän selvityksen perusteella Lappeenrannan kaupunki voi suunnitella tukimuotojen kehittämistä ja mahdollisesti teettää uuden kyselyn, jonka avulla tarjottavaa tukea osataan kohdentaa sitä tarvitseville.In this thesis the need of support for children group educators working with mentally disabled children in Lappeenranta was investigated. The purpose was to study what kind of support the children group educators had received, if the measures of support had answered the educators’ needs and what kind of support they felt they needed more. Furthermore, it was also studied, if the presence of a mentally disabled child had changed the working methods of the children group educators. If the mentally disabled child had caused changes to working methods, the purpose was to investigate, what kind of changes had been made and what kind of challenges it had possibly caused. The material for the thesis was collected in spring 2013 with a Webropol –questionnaire, which provided both quantitative and qualitative material for the thesis. 18 children group educators responded to the survey. The material for the thesis was composed and divided into groups according to the investigative tasks, so that the material would be easier to process. According to the results, the mentally disabled child in the children group had changed some of the children group educators’ working methods, but for some of the children group educators it had no effect. The work also included a number of challenges. The children group educators have several different kinds of support methods, some of which were mentioned in the survey material. Less than a third of the children group educators were wishing for more support. According to the collected material everything is rather fine with the children group educators. Because the response ratio of the survey was only 40%, the results cannot be generalized to represent all of the children group educators in Lappeenranta. Based on this thesis the city of Lappeenranta can plan the development of measures of support and possibly make a new survey to further allocate the support to those who need it