El lugar de la investigación-formación-innovación en la didáctica de las Ciencias de la Tierra: El caso del tiempo geológico

El presente artículo, que aborda una temática, científica y educativamente relevante – el tiempo geológico – se desarrolla en tres fases y está basado en un proyecto de investigación centrado en la concepción, aplicación y evaluación de materiales curriculares con alumnos de 13/14 y 16/17 años de edad. Los resultados se utilizaron posteriormente en un seminario en la formación del profesorado. El estudio fue realizado por un grupo formado por profesores e investigadores portugueses. En la primera sección, se hace referencia a la fundamentación teórica del artículo, marcada por la tríada investigación, formación e innovación en Didáctica de las Ciencias. La segunda sección presenta de forma sintética las finalidades del proyecto, su marco teórico, desde la complejidad del concepto de tiempo, a la relevancia curricular del tiempo geológico, y también la concepción que de él tienen los alumnos encuestados. La tercera sección se refiere a la formación del profesorado que ha tenido como base los materiales curriculares anteriormente elaborados y los resultados de su aplicación en el aula. Se señalan los objetivos de las sesiones, las metodologías usadas, destacando el papel intervencionista de los participantes. Se hace finalmente una apreciación global por los profesores tanto en lo que se refiere al tipo de formación desarrollada como en cuanto a la naturaleza de los materiales curriculares desarrollados y su adecuación a los niveles de edad de los alumnos

Physical activity promotion tools in the Portuguese primary health care : an implementation research

© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Background: This paper aims to discuss how physical activity (PA) brief assessment, brief counseling, and self-monitoring tools were designed and implemented in the Portuguese National Health Service (NHS), and to report on their current use by health professionals and citizens. Methods: Three digital tools to facilitate PA promotion in primary health care (PHC) were developed: 1) a PA brief assessment tool was incorporated in the electronic health record platform “SClínico Cuidados de Saúde Primários“; 2) a brief counseling tool was developed in the software “PEM—Prescrição Eletrónica Médica” (electronic medical prescription); and 3) a “Physical Activity Card” was incorporated in an official NHS smartphone app called “MySNS Carteira”. Results: From September 2017 to June 2019, 119,386 Portuguese patients had their PA assessed in PHC. Between December 2017 and June 2019, a total of 7957 patients received brief intervention for PA by a medical doctor. Regarding the app “MySNS Carteira”, 93,320 users activated the “Physical Activity Card”, between February 2018 and December 2018. Conclusions: These tools represent key actions to promote PA among Portuguese citizens using PHC as a priority setting. Further initiatives will follow, including proper assessment of their clinical impact and training programs for health care professionals on PA promotion.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The role of research, training and innovation in Earth Sciences Education: The case of Geological Time

El presente artículo, que aborda una temática, científica y educativamente relevante – el tiempo geológico – se desarrolla en tres fases y está basado en un proyecto de investigación centrado en la concepción, aplicación y evaluación de materiales curriculares con alumnos de 13/14 y 16/17 años de edad. Los resultados se utilizaron posteriormente en un seminario en la formación del profesorado. El estudio fue realizado por un grupo formado por profesores e investigadores portugueses. En la primera sección, se hace referencia a la fundamentación teórica del artículo, marcada por la tríada investigación, formación e innovación en Didáctica de las Ciencias. La segunda sección presenta de forma sintética las finalidades del proyecto, su marco teórico, desde la complejidad del concepto de tiempo, a la relevancia curricular del tiempo geológico, y también la concepción que de él tienen los alumnos encuestados. La tercera sección se refiere a la formación del profesorado que ha tenido como base los materiales curriculares anteriormente elaborados y los resultados de su aplicación en el aula. Se señalan los objetivos de las sesiones, las metodologías usadas, destacando el papel intervencionista de los participantes. Se hace finalmente una apreciación global por los profesores tanto en lo que se refiere al tipo de formación desarrollada como en cuanto a la naturaleza de los materiales curriculares desarrollados y su adecuación a los niveles de edad de los alumnos.This paper addresses geological time as a scientifically and educationally relevant issue in Geosciences education. The, article is structured in three parts, based on a research Project carried out by Portuguese secondary school teachers and researchers. The study, focused on the design, implementation and assessment of curriculum materials with students aged 13/14 and 16/17. The results were subsequently used in a science teacher education seminar. The first part is about the conceptual framework of the study and discusses mainly the interaction in the following triad: research, training and innovation in science education. The implications for teacher education are also emphasized. The second part approaches two points: the main aims of the project and its theoretical framework i.e. the difficult concepts of time and of deep time as well as their relevance for the science curriculum, on the one hand; and then the interviewed students’ conceptions about geological time. The third part concerns the teacher education seminar based on the curriculum materials previously mentioned and also on the results of their use in the classroom. The aims of the sessions are presented, as Investigación Educativa 320 – Enseñanza de las Ciencias de la Tierra, 2017 (25.3) well as the methodologies used, highlighting the relevant role played by the participants. Finally, an overall assessment is undertaken by the teachers, both concerning the nature of the curriculum materials developed, and their adequacy to the students' age levels. As a final comment the authors mention that the great majority of the teachers appreciated very much both the nature of the curricular materials and the seminar methodology and developmen

MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL : A data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in P ortugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with 26% of all species being includedin the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associatedwith habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mam-mals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion formarine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems func-tionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is cru-cial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS INPORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublishedgeoreferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mam-mals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira thatincludes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occur-ring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live obser-vations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%),bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent lessthan 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrowsjsoil moundsjtunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animaljhairjskullsjjaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8),observation in shelters, (9) photo trappingjvideo, (10) predators dietjpelletsjpine cones/nuts, (11) scatjtrackjditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalizationjecholocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and100 m (76%). Rodentia (n=31,573) has the highest number of records followedby Chiroptera (n=18,857), Carnivora (n=18,594), Lagomorpha (n=17,496),Cetartiodactyla (n=11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n=7008). The data setincludes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened(e.g.,Oryctolagus cuniculus[n=12,159],Monachus monachus[n=1,512],andLynx pardinus[n=197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate thepublication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contrib-ute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting onthe development of more accurate and tailored conservation managementstrategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite thisdata paper when the data are used in publications.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mammals in Portugal: a data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in Portugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with ~26% of all species being included in the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associated with habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mammals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion for marine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems functionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is crucial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublished georeferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mammals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira that includes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occurring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live observations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%), bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent less than 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrows | soil mounds | tunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animal | hair | skulls | jaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8), observation in shelters, (9) photo trapping | video, (10) predators diet | pellets | pine cones/nuts, (11) scat | track | ditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalization | echolocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and 100 m (76%). Rodentia (n =31,573) has the highest number of records followed by Chiroptera (n = 18,857), Carnivora (n = 18,594), Lagomorpha (n = 17,496), Cetartiodactyla (n = 11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n = 7008). The data set includes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened (e.g., Oryctolagus cuniculus [n = 12,159], Monachus monachus [n = 1,512], and Lynx pardinus [n = 197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate the publication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contribute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting on the development of more accurate and tailored conservation management strategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications

Avaliação clínica e funcional da reconstrução cirúrgica do LCA : técnica "all-inside" vs. "outside-in" : uma revisão bibliográfica

Trabalho final do mestrado em medicina do desporto com vista à atribuição do grau de mestre (área científica de ortopedia), apresentado à Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de CoimbraA importância do LCA é cada vez mais reconhecida para o funcionamento normal do joelho, principalmente nos desportos que requerem movimentos de rotação. Ele é o principal estabilizador da translação anterior da tíbia e participa secundariamente na restrição da rotação interna do joelho. Os episódios de instabilidade e a progressão frequente para artrose como resultado da sua lesão, justificam a necessidade de reconstrução desse ligamento num grande número de casos. O espectro de morbilidade da lesão é amplo, podendo causar o final precoce de carreiras desportivas. Contudo, a reconstrução cirúrgica e reabilitação podem ser tão eficazes que permitem ao atleta o regresso ao nível de competição pré-lesão. O sucesso a longo prazo da cirurgia de reconstrução do LCA é confirmado através de taxas com bons e excelentes resultados, que variam de 75% a 95%, considerando a estabilidade, o alívio de sintomas e o retorno à atividade física/desportiva. No entanto, existe ainda muita controvérsia relativamente à técnica e ao enxerto a ser utilizado. Apesar de o enxerto autógeno ser considerado o gold-standard para a reconstrução do LCA pela sua disponibilidade, segurança, baixo custo, além das suas características biológicas, ainda continuamos à procura do enxerto ideal, capaz de ser biologicamente integrado e reproduzir a inserção anatómica, biomecânica e o controlo neuromuscular do ligamento nativo. Assim, a escolha é multifatorial. Do mesmo modo, e apesar de a última década estar rica de avanços técnicos na reconstrução cirúrgica do LCA, o sucesso do procedimento tem-se mantido estável ao longo do último quarto de século e não há nenhuma evidência de superioridade de uma técnica sobre a outra. Para a elaboração deste trabalho, foi então realizada uma pesquisa computadorizada nas bases de dados PubMed, Medline EBSCO e B-On para identificar todos os estudos clínicos que realizaram a comparação e descrição, da cirurgia de reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA), com as diferentes técnicas. Os artigos foram selecionados com base no título e no conteúdo do resumo, independentemente do desenho do estudo. Para uma melhor fundamentação teórica, foram também consultados alguns livros de texto, nomeadamente da área da Ortopedia; tendo sido então elaborada a exposição e discussão dos resultados. Após escolha da bibliografia e identificados os passos anteriores, foi elaborada uma detalhada descrição de alguns pontos-chave de cada uma das técnicas comparadas.The importance of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) has been increasingly recognized for the normal function of the knee, especially in sports that require rotational movements. It is the primary stabilizer of anterior tibial translation and also has a role in the restriction of internal rotation of the knee. The episodes of instability and frequent progression to osteoarthritis as a result of its injury, require the ligament reconstruction in many cases. There is a broad spectrum of injuries which may include the premature end of sports careers. Surgical reconstruction and rehabilitation can be effective, allowing the athlete to return to pre-injury levels of competition. The long-term success rates of ACL reconstruction surgery are confirmed with good/excellent results, ranging from 75% to 95%, considering the stability, relief of symptoms and return to physical / sporting activity. Nevertheless, there is still controversy regarding the technique and graft choice. Although autogenous graft is considered the gold standard due to ACL reconstruction for its availability, safety, low cost and their biological characteristics, we are still searching for the ideal graft, capable of being biologically integrated and reproduce the anatomic insertion, biomechanics and neuromuscular control of the native ligament. Therefore, the choice is still multifactorial. Similarly, and despite the major technical advances in surgical reconstruction of the ACL in the last decade, the success rates of the procedure remain stable over the last quarter century and there is no evidence of superiority of any technique over the others. Preparation for this work, a computerized search was performed in PubMed, Medline, EBSCO and B-On to identify all clinical studies which describe and compare, the ACL reconstruction surgery different techniques. Articles were selected based on the title and content of the summary, regardless of the study design. In doubt, the article was downloaded and fully read. For a better theoretical basis, some textbooks were also consulted, particularly of Orthopaedics area; it was then prepared the presentation and discussion of results. After choosing the literature and identifying the above steps, it was drawn a detailed description of the key points of each technique compared

Avaliação clínica e funcional da reconstrução cirúrgica do LCA : técnica "all-inside" vs. "outside-in" : uma revisão bibliográfica

Trabalho final do mestrado em medicina do desporto com vista à atribuição do grau de mestre (área científica de ortopedia), apresentado à Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de CoimbraA importância do LCA é cada vez mais reconhecida para o funcionamento normal do joelho, principalmente nos desportos que requerem movimentos de rotação. Ele é o principal estabilizador da translação anterior da tíbia e participa secundariamente na restrição da rotação interna do joelho. Os episódios de instabilidade e a progressão frequente para artrose como resultado da sua lesão, justificam a necessidade de reconstrução desse ligamento num grande número de casos. O espectro de morbilidade da lesão é amplo, podendo causar o final precoce de carreiras desportivas. Contudo, a reconstrução cirúrgica e reabilitação podem ser tão eficazes que permitem ao atleta o regresso ao nível de competição pré-lesão. O sucesso a longo prazo da cirurgia de reconstrução do LCA é confirmado através de taxas com bons e excelentes resultados, que variam de 75% a 95%, considerando a estabilidade, o alívio de sintomas e o retorno à atividade física/desportiva. No entanto, existe ainda muita controvérsia relativamente à técnica e ao enxerto a ser utilizado. Apesar de o enxerto autógeno ser considerado o gold-standard para a reconstrução do LCA pela sua disponibilidade, segurança, baixo custo, além das suas características biológicas, ainda continuamos à procura do enxerto ideal, capaz de ser biologicamente integrado e reproduzir a inserção anatómica, biomecânica e o controlo neuromuscular do ligamento nativo. Assim, a escolha é multifatorial. Do mesmo modo, e apesar de a última década estar rica de avanços técnicos na reconstrução cirúrgica do LCA, o sucesso do procedimento tem-se mantido estável ao longo do último quarto de século e não há nenhuma evidência de superioridade de uma técnica sobre a outra. Para a elaboração deste trabalho, foi então realizada uma pesquisa computadorizada nas bases de dados PubMed, Medline EBSCO e B-On para identificar todos os estudos clínicos que realizaram a comparação e descrição, da cirurgia de reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA), com as diferentes técnicas. Os artigos foram selecionados com base no título e no conteúdo do resumo, independentemente do desenho do estudo. Para uma melhor fundamentação teórica, foram também consultados alguns livros de texto, nomeadamente da área da Ortopedia; tendo sido então elaborada a exposição e discussão dos resultados. Após escolha da bibliografia e identificados os passos anteriores, foi elaborada uma detalhada descrição de alguns pontos-chave de cada uma das técnicas comparadas.The importance of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) has been increasingly recognized for the normal function of the knee, especially in sports that require rotational movements. It is the primary stabilizer of anterior tibial translation and also has a role in the restriction of internal rotation of the knee. The episodes of instability and frequent progression to osteoarthritis as a result of its injury, require the ligament reconstruction in many cases. There is a broad spectrum of injuries which may include the premature end of sports careers. Surgical reconstruction and rehabilitation can be effective, allowing the athlete to return to pre-injury levels of competition. The long-term success rates of ACL reconstruction surgery are confirmed with good/excellent results, ranging from 75% to 95%, considering the stability, relief of symptoms and return to physical / sporting activity. Nevertheless, there is still controversy regarding the technique and graft choice. Although autogenous graft is considered the gold standard due to ACL reconstruction for its availability, safety, low cost and their biological characteristics, we are still searching for the ideal graft, capable of being biologically integrated and reproduce the anatomic insertion, biomechanics and neuromuscular control of the native ligament. Therefore, the choice is still multifactorial. Similarly, and despite the major technical advances in surgical reconstruction of the ACL in the last decade, the success rates of the procedure remain stable over the last quarter century and there is no evidence of superiority of any technique over the others. Preparation for this work, a computerized search was performed in PubMed, Medline, EBSCO and B-On to identify all clinical studies which describe and compare, the ACL reconstruction surgery different techniques. Articles were selected based on the title and content of the summary, regardless of the study design. In doubt, the article was downloaded and fully read. For a better theoretical basis, some textbooks were also consulted, particularly of Orthopaedics area; it was then prepared the presentation and discussion of results. After choosing the literature and identifying the above steps, it was drawn a detailed description of the key points of each technique compared

Enseñanza de la Gologia en el contexto Ciencia - Tecnologia - Sociedad: el ejemplo de las carreteras

La enseñanza de la Geología no puede ser reducida al aprendizaje de un conjunto de conocimientos ode procedimientos científicos. También debe propiciar que el aprendizaje sea útil en la vida cotidiana des-de una perspectiva de acción.Con este taller presentan y discuten materiales didácticos aplicables las prácticas lectivas, valorizandoaspectos sociales, tecnológicos y ambientales. Es importante añadir que tales materiales han sido ya experimentados en la clase. Finalmente, serán analizadas las perspectivas de los profesores y alumnos participantes en el proyecto, averiguando incidencias en la implementación curricular.The Geology Teaching cannot be reduced to the learning of several contents or scientific procedures used in this area of knowledge. Instead it must propitiate that the learning became more useful in daily leaving, in a perspective of action. This workshop pretends to discuss curricular materials capable of mobilize teaching practices, valorising social, technological and environmental issues. It must stressed that such materials have been implemented in classroom. Finally, it will be analyzed the perceptions of teachers and students involved in the research project, with incidences in curricular implementation