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Short term energy forecasting techniques for virtual power plants
YesThe advent of smart meter technology has enabled periodic monitoring of consumer energy consumption. Hence, short term energy forecasting is gaining more importance than conventional load forecasting. An Accurate forecasting of energy consumption is indispensable for the proper functioning of a virtual power plant (VPP). This paper focuses on short term energy forecasting in a VPP. The factors that influence energy forecasting in a VPP are identified and an artificial neural network based energy forecasting model is built. The model is tested on Sydney/ New South Wales (NSW) electricity grid. It considers the historical weather data and holidays in Sydney/ NSW and forecasts the energy consumption pattern with sufficient accuracy
Porous materials for thermal management under extreme conditions
A brief analysis is presented of how heat transfer takes place in porous materials of various types. The emphasis is on materials able to withstand extremes of temperature, gas pressure, irradiation, etc., i.e. metals and ceramics, rather than polymers. A primary aim is commonly to maximize either the thermal resistance (i.e. provide insulation) or the rate of thermal equilibration between the material and a fluid passing through it (i.e. to facilitate heat exchange). The main structural characteristics concern porosity (void content), anisotropy, pore connectivity and scale. The effect of scale is complex, since the permeability decreases as the structure is refined, but the interfacial area for fluid–solid heat exchange is, thereby, raised. The durability of the pore structure may also be an issue, with a possible disadvantage of finer scale structures being poor microstructural stability under service conditions. Finally, good mechanical properties may be required, since the development of thermal gradients, high fluid fluxes, etc. can generate substantial levels of stress. There are, thus, some complex interplays between service conditions, pore architecture/scale, fluid permeation characteristics, convective heat flow, thermal conduction and radiative heat transfer. Such interplays are illustrated with reference to three examples: (i) a thermal barrier coating in a gas turbine engine; (ii) a Space Shuttle tile; and (iii) a Stirling engine heat exchanger. Highly porous, permeable
materials are often made by bonding fibres together into a network structure and much of the analysis presented here is oriented towards such materials
Effects of crack aspect ratio on the behavior of small surface cracks in fatigue: Part II. Experiments on a titanium (Ti-8Al) alloy
Effects of crack aspect ratio on the behavior of small surface cracks in fatigue: Part I. Simulation
Application of Green Chemistry for the Simultaneous Determination of Ceftriaxone Sodium in its Binary Mixture with Sulbactam Sodium in Human Plasma and dosage forms
The mechanics of toughness development in ductile phase reinforced brittle matrix composites
Some considerations on the occurrence of intergranular fracture during fatigue crack growth in steels
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