Resume of the theory of naval and aerial propulsive propellers and of airplanes in the rectilinear flight

Though dissimilar, these two subjects have been united because they have some points in common. The computation of the movement of an airplane can only be correctly established if we are in a position to know exactly the thrust and resisting torque of the propeller for the various values of slip, which may vary greatly according to circumstance. The first part of the work concerns propellers and introduces as a fundamental variable, the true slip (delta) with respect to the effective pitch, which is the advance per revolution of the propeller corresponding to no thrust. The second part deals with characteristic curves of an airplane

Les signes d’appartenance religieuse : le cas des kurusu (‘croix chrétiennes’)-mon en héraldique japonaise 1549-1639

Cette étude révèle un double point de vue : d’abord, celui du créateur-porteur du kurusu-mon (« blason à croix chrétienne »), puis, celui de « l’autre », le non-chrétien, lequel accepte ou rejette et interdit cet acte prosélyte. En héraldique japonaise, kurusu représente l’espagnol et / ou le portugais « cruz » et nomme le signe d’appartenance à la foi chrétienne. Il sera ainsi montré comment et jusqu’à quel point les nouveaux convertis bravèrent l’interdit au Japon et durant cette période de l’histoire de ce pays

Extension de l’emploi de quelques lexèmes français à l’étranger : le cas des créations onomastiques commerciales porteuses de prestige linguistique et culturel

L’objet de cette présentation est de démontrer combien il existe une sorte de « langage international », incluant l’ébauche d’un « lexique commercial conventionnel mais qui est ni écrit ni officiel », ici, d’origine française et / ou francophone, et reflet d’un certain prestige international, dans lequel toute créatrice ou tout créateur de société commerciale puise très librement, afin de nommer son magasin, sa boutique, son salon, son café / cafe, son restaurant, son hôtel / hotel… Ces lexèmes / unités lexicales / morphèmes lexicaux participent alors à la formation de noms propres (d’où leur appartenance au domaine de l’onomastique) tels que les noms de lieux commerciaux qui peuvent également connaître la fonction de repères toponymiques urbains ou ruraux. Dans le cadre de cette étude, nous puiserons nos exemples dans les annuaires téléphoniques de plusieurs pays ainsi que dans nos relevés personnels et nous verrons alors que, au gré des langues pratiquées et / ou des cultures existantes, chacun de ces « mots empruntés / réinterprétés ou traduits » peut véhiculer une valeur commerciale et / ou culturelle universelle, même si, dans chaque pays, dans les usages nationaux, régionaux ou locaux, ils n’en représentent pas moins d’indiscutables variantes

La question du mal chez leibniz. fondements et élaboration de la théodicée.

Paris: Honoré Champion, 2008. 755 p

Comparative evaluation by semiquantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction of MDR1, MRP and GSTp gene expression in breast carcinomas.

Identification and quantitative evaluation of drug resistance markers are essential to assess the impact of multidrug resistance (MDR) in clinical oncology. The MDR1 gene confers pleiotropic drug resistance in tumour cells, but other molecular mechanisms are also involved in drug resistance. In particular, the clinical pattern of expression of the other MDR-related genes is unclear and their interrelationships are still unknown. Here, we report standardization of the procedures used to determine a reliable method of semiquantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using a standard series of drug-sensitive and increasingly resistant cell lines to evaluate the expression of three MDR-related genes, i.e. MDR1 (multidrug resistance gene 1), MRP (multidrug resistance related protein) and GSTp (glutathione-S-transferase p), reported to be endogenous standard genes for normalization of mRNAs. A total of 74 breast cancer surgical biopsies, obtained before any treatment, were evaluated by this method. When compared with classical clinical and laboratory findings, GSTp mRNA level was higher in diploid tumours. However, the main finding of our study suggests a clear relationship between two of these MDR-related gene expressions, namely GSTp and MRP. This finding provides new insight into human breast tumours, which may possibly be linked to the glutathione conjugate carrier function of MRP. Well defined semiquantitative RT-PCR procedures can therefore constitute a powerful tool to investigate MDR phenotype at mRNA levels of different related genes in small and precious tumour biopsy specimens

NectarCAM : a camera for the medium size telescopes of the Cherenkov Telescope Array

NectarCAM is a camera proposed for the medium-sized telescopes of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) covering the central energy range of ~100 GeV to ~30 TeV. It has a modular design and is based on the NECTAr chip, at the heart of which is a GHz sampling Switched Capacitor Array and a 12-bit Analog to Digital converter. The camera will be equipped with 265 7-photomultiplier modules, covering a field of view of 8 degrees. Each module includes the photomultiplier bases, high voltage supply, pre-amplifier, trigger, readout and Ethernet transceiver. The recorded events last between a few nanoseconds and tens of nanoseconds. The camera trigger will be flexible so as to minimize the read-out dead-time of the NECTAr chips. NectarCAM is designed to sustain a data rate of more than 4 kHz with less than 5\% dead time. The camera concept, the design and tests of the various subcomponents and results of thermal and electrical prototypes are presented. The design includes the mechanical structure, cooling of the electronics, read-out, clock distribution, slow control, data-acquisition, triggering, monitoring and services.Comment: In Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2015), The Hague, The Netherlands. All CTA contributions at arXiv:1508.0589

Can dissonance engineering improve risk analysis of human–machine systems?

The paper discusses dissonance engineering and its application to risk analysis of human–machine systems. Dissonance engineering relates to sciences and technologies relevant to dissonances, defined as conflicts between knowledge. The richness of the concept of dissonance is illustrated by a taxonomy that covers a variety of cognitive and organisational dissonances based on different conflict modes and baselines of their analysis. Knowledge control is discussed and related to strategies for accepting or rejecting dissonances. This acceptability process can be justified by a risk analysis of dissonances which takes into account their positive and negative impacts and several assessment criteria. A risk analysis method is presented and discussed along with practical examples of application. The paper then provides key points to motivate the development of risk analysis methods dedicated to dissonances in order to identify the balance between the positive and negative impacts and to improve the design and use of future human–machine system by reinforcing knowledge

The IPDGC/GP2 Hackathon - an open science event for training in data science, genomics, and collaboration using Parkinson’s disease data

Open science and collaboration are necessary to facilitate the advancement of Parkinson's disease (PD) research. Hackathons are collaborative events that bring together people with different skill sets and backgrounds to generate resources and creative solutions to problems. These events can be used as training and networking opportunities, thus we coordinated a virtual 3-day hackathon event, during which 49 early-career scientists from 12 countries built tools and pipelines with a focus on PD. Resources were created with the goal of helping scientists accelerate their own research by having access to the necessary code and tools. Each team was allocated one of nine different projects, each with a different goal. These included developing post-genome-wide association studies (GWAS) analysis pipelines, downstream analysis of genetic variation pipelines, and various visualization tools. Hackathons are a valuable approach to inspire creative thinking, supplement training in data science, and foster collaborative scientific relationships, which are foundational practices for early-career researchers. The resources generated can be used to accelerate research on the genetics of PD