Achieving groundwater resource sustainability at watershed scale by conjunctive use of groundwater and surface resources

The main goal of paper is to identify optimal water resources management strategies for groundwater resources sustainability achievement in Maharlou-Bakhtegan watershed in Iran and maximum water supply probability to the demand sites. In the present study, conjunctive use of groundwater and surface resources along with a scenario-based analysis approach is examined to achieve the optimal water resource management and plan Maharlou-Bakhtegan watershed using MODSIM model as a decision support system (DSS) for the basic river catchment management. The proposed approach is used to assess the effects of the different management strategies, climate changes, groundwater withdrawal levels and irrigation efficiency on the groundwater resources sustainability, agricultural water supply, and environmental water demand satisfaction. To quantify the system performance, six management scenarios are defined and modelled by MODSIM. For assessment of the system performance in each scenario, three performance indicators including reliability, vulnerability, and resiliency are introduced and defined. The findings showed that the fifth scenario (SC5) strategies satisfied all of the considered management goals and proposed the optimal management solutions for sustainability achievement of the groundwater resources.Keywords: Maharlou-Bakhtegan Watershed, Groundwater Resources Sustainability, MODSIM, Scenario Analysis, Performance Indice

Highlights for the 9th International Workshop on Pediatrics, 22–23 July 2017, Paris, France

The 9th International Workshop on Pediatrics was held in Paris, France on the 21–22 July, 2017. It was co-chaired by Lynne Mofenson (EGPAF, USA), Albert Faye (University Paris Diderot, Paris, France) and Valériane Leroy (INSERM, France). Over 300 participants attended the workshop. The abstracts included 20 oral presentations, 87 posters and 45 abstract book-only abstracts

Life cycle assessment of fish oil substitute produced by microalgae using food waste

Fish oil has been used in conventional aquaculture for decades, despite the known links between increasing global demand for fish and depletion of natural resources and vital ecosystems (FAO, 2020, 2019). Alternative feed ingredients, including algae oil rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), has therefore been increasingly used to substitute traditional fish oil. Heterotrophic algae cultivation in bioreactors can be supported by a primary carbon feedstock recovered from food waste, a solution that could reduce environmental impacts and support the transition towards circular food systems. This study used life cycle assessment to quantify environmental impact of DHA produced by the heterotrophic algae Crypthecodinium cohnii, using short-chain carboxylic acids derived from dark fermentation of food waste. The future potential of DHA from algae was evaluated by comparing the environmental impact to that of DHA from Peruvian anchovy oil. With respect to global warming, terrestrial acidification, freshwater eutrophication and land use, algae oil inferred -52 ton CO2eq, 3.5 ton SO2eq, -94 kg Peq, 2700 m2 eq, respectively per ton DHA. In comparison, the impact per ton DHA from fish oil was -15 ton CO2eq, 3.9 ton SO2eq, -97 kg Peq and 3200 m2 eq. Furthermore, algae oil showed lower climate impact compared to canola and linseed oil. By including Ecosystem damage as indicator for ecosystem quality at endpoint level, the important aspect of biodiversity impact was accounted for. Although the method primarily accounts for indirect effects on biodiversity, DHA from algae oil showed lower Ecosystem damage compared to fish oil even when future energy development, optimized production, increased energy demand and effects on biotic resources were considered via sensitivity analyses. As the results suggest, algae oil holds a promising potential for increased sustainability within aquaculture, provided that continued development and optimization of this emerging technology is enabled through active decision-making and purposeful investments

BCL8 (B-cell CLL/lymphoma 8)

Review on BCL8 (B-cell CLL/lymphoma 8), with data on DNA, on the protein encoded, and where the gene is implicated

Patient safety culture in hospitals of Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Nowadays, for quality improvement, measuring patient safety culture (PSC) in healthcare organizations is being increasingly used. The aim of this study was to clarify PSC status in Iranian hospitals using a meta-analysis method. Methods: Six databases were searched: PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Magiran, SID and IranMedex using the search terms including patient safety, patient safety culture, patient safety climate and combined with hospital (such as "hospital survey on patient safety culture"), measurement, assessment, survey and Iran. A total of 11 articles which conducted using Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) questionnaire initially were reviewed. To estimate overall PSC status and perform the meta-analyses, Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software v. 2 was employed. Results: The overall PSC score based on the random model was 50.1. "Teamwork within hospital units" dimension received the highest score of PSC (67.4) and "Non-punitive response to error" the lowest score (32.4). About 41 of participants in reviewed articles evaluate their hospitals' performance in PSC as 'excellent/very good'. Approximately 52.7 of participants did not report any adverse event in the past 12 months. Conclusion: The results of this study show that Iranian hospitals' performances in PSC were poor. Among the 12 dimensions of HSOPSC questionnaire, the "Non-punitive response to error" achieved the lowest score and could be a priority for future interventions. In this regard, hospitals staff should be encouraged to report adverse event without fear of punitive action

Studi Interaksi Air Tanah Dangkal Dan Air Sungai Di Sepanjang Daerah Aliran Kali Garang Semarang Menggunakan Isotop Stabil δ18O Dan δ2H

A study related to shallow groundwater interaction with Kali Garang River water in Semarang, Central Java using stable isotopes of 18O and 2H has been conducted. As much as 16 groundwater and 3 river water samples were taken for stable isotopes d18O and d2H analysis using Liquid water isotope analyzer LGR DLT-100. The results of analysis shows that there are two area of water recharge origin: the first area contains d18O isotope ranging between -9.41 ‰ to -8.5 ‰ and d2H between -58.2 ‰ to -51.6 ‰; the second area contains isotopes of d18O and d2H -7.15 and -41.55 ‰, respectively. Thus, these results indicate that the first water samples originate from a higher elevation than the origin of the second water sample, but both of them have no interrelation with river water. Whereas, other groundwater samples show that the sample (R4) has interrelation (i.e. mixing) with the river water and two other samples (L1 and R1) have interrelation with salty water or seawater

TNFAIP3 (tumor necrosis factor, alpha-induced protein 3)

Review on TNFAIP3 (tumor necrosis factor, alpha-induced protein 3), with data on DNA, on the protein encoded, and where the gene is implicated

Assessment of Chemical Inhibitor Addition to Improve the Gas Production from Biowaste

The coexistence of sulphate-reducing bacteria and methanogenic archaea in the reactors during the anaerobic digestion from sulphate-containing waste could favor the accumulation of sulfide on the biogas, and therefore reduce its quality. In this study, the effect of sulphate-reducing bacteria inhibitor (MoO−2 4 ) addition in a two phase system from sulphate-containing municipal solid waste to improve the quality of the biogas has been investigated. The results showed that although SRB and sulphide production decreased, the use of inhibitor was not effective to improve the anaerobic digestion in a two phase system from sulphate-containing waste, since a significant decrease on biogas and organic matter removal were observed. Before MoO−2 4 addition the average values of volatile solid were around 12 g/kg, after 5 days of inhibitor use, those values did exceed to 28 g/kg. Molybdate caused acidification in the reactor and it was according to decrease in the pH values. In relation to microbial consortia, the effect of inhibitor was a decrease in Bacteria (44%; 60% in sulphate-reducing bacteria) and Archaea (38%) population

Ultrafast transient liquid assisted growth of high current density superconducting films

The achievement of high growth rates in YBaCuO epitaxial high-temperature superconducting films has become strategic to enable high-throughput manufacturing of long length coated conductors for energy and large magnet applications. We report on a transient liquid assisted growth process capable of achieving ultrafast growth rates (100 nm s −1) and high critical current densities (5 MA cm −2 at 77 K). This is based on the kinetic preference of Ba-Cu-O to form transient liquids prior to crystalline thermodynamic equilibrium phases, and as such is a non-equilibrium approach. The transient liquid-assisted growth process is combined with chemical solution deposition, proposing a scalable method for superconducting tapes manufacturing. Additionally, using colloidal solutions, the growth process is extended towards fabrication of nanocomposite films for enhanced superconducting properties at high magnetic fields. Fast acquisition in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction and high resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) become crucial measurements in disentangling key aspects of the growth process. High throughput manufacturing of long length coated conductors requires fast epitaxial growth of high-temperature superconducting films. Here, Soler et al. report an ultrafast growth rates and high critical current densities of YBaCuO films using a transient liquid-assisted growth method