The Role of Soluble, Insoluble Fibers and Their Bioactive Compounds in Cancer: A Mini Review

The cancer incidence has risen dramatically over the last decades. About 8 million people died globally according to latest reports, which represented almost 40% more than it was 20 years ago. Risk factors for the development of cancer have been found to include smoking, alcohol, drugs, obesity and diet. Fiber intake has shown to exhibit chemoprotective effects on cancer proliferation and metastasis that may seem to be very promising. This article will review the role of different types of fiber such as, cellulose, lignin, pectin and inulin in development and prevention of different types of cancers. This article would also discuss the effectiveness of both types of fiber in cancer prevention

Association of neck circumference with obesity in female college students

BACKGROUND: Obesity levels have been dramatically increased in the United Arab Emirates over the last few years. High levels of body Mass Index, waist circumference, and percent of total body fat as a measure of obesity have found to be related to cardiovascular risk factors and other diseases. Neck circumference is a new tool that has been linked to obesity. However, no studies in UAE have been conducted yet. AIM: The purpose of this study was to measure the obesity levels in a college population and to correlate them with NC and other anthropometrical indexes. METHODS AND SUBJECTS: Two hundred forty three (243) female students aged 18-25 were conveniently selected to participate in the study. Anthropometrical indexes were obtained from all subjects e after fasting. RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight and obesity together was found to be 28.4 % (n = 69). Pearson correlation showed that WC, NC and BF (%) were significantly positively related to obesity, (r = 0.790; r = 0.758; r = 0.767, p \u3c 0.001), respectively. In multiple regression analysis, only NC (Beta: 1.627, 95 %CI: 0.370, 2.846, p \u3c 0.001) and WC (Beta: 0.464, 95 %CI: 0.135, 0.664, p \u3c 0.001) were found to be independently associated with obesity. CONCLUSION: NC was found to be independently associated with obesity levels in Emirati college students

Molecular characterization of the virulent microorganisms along with their drug-resistance traits associated with the export quality frozen shrimps in Bangladesh

Current investigation characterized export quality shrimp samples in terms of pathogenic load along with the drug-resistance traits of the isolates, and detected the major virulent genes present in those isolates. Among the 30 such shrimp samples (15 each of Macrobrachium rosenbergi or Golda and Penaeus monodon or Bagda) studied, almost all were found to be contaminated with a huge load of bacteria (10(6)–10(8) cfu/g) and fungi (10(4)–10(5) cfu/g). Among the specific pathogens, presence of Escherichia coli, Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp., Klebsiella spp., Shigella spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Listeria spp. were detected, of which most were likely to be resistant against commonly used antibiotics. Gene specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) study revealed the presence of eae gene in E. coli, aero specific gene in Aeromonas spp., and sodB gene in Vibrio spp. Together with the huge extent of microbial contamination with a drug-resistance attribute, presence of such virulent genes further projects the probable public health risk upon consumption of the export quality shrimps

Risiko Gangguan Seksual di dalam Rumah kepada Remaja: The Risk of Sexual Harassment in House to Teenagers

Sexual harassment is a sexually oriented act committed against another person either verbally, non-verbally, physically, or emotionally. Sexual harassment can occur to female teenagers whether they are inside or outside home. This quantitative study used questionnaires that were analysed using SPSS 2.0. The objective of the study is to explore the extent of domestic sexual harassment risk on female teenagers while they are at home. A total of 84 girls from the age of nine to fifteen in Selangor participated in this study where they have received consent from their parents and guardians to participate in this study. This study found that 7.14% of the participants admitted that they like to wear sexy clothes at home and had watched pornographic videos with close family members such as father, brother, uncle, and grandfather. The findings revealed that they had experienced sexual harassment by their family members if they do not maintain the Islamic manners in addition to being excessively exposed to the unlimited information technology facility. The findings also showed that there are unsafe elements towards female teenagers at home if the family well-being mechanism is not properly and well maintained. The implications of this study suggested a development of a mobile application to identify the initial signs of sexual harassment towards female teenagers. ABSTRAK Gangguan seksual merupakan perlakuan berbaur seks yang dilakukan terhadap individu lain sama ada berbentuk lisan, bukan lisan, fizikal atau emosi. Gangguan seksual boleh berlaku kepada remaja perempuan ketika mereka berada di dalam atau di luar rumah. Metodologi kajian menggunakan kaedah tinjauan yang melibatkan kajian kuantitatif dan dianalisis menggunakan perisian statistik SPSS 2.0. Objektif kajian adalah untuk meneroka sejauh mana risiko gangguan seksual berlaku kepada remaja perempuan sewaktu di dalam rumah.  Seramai 84 orang remaja perempuan yang berusia sembilan hingga 15 tahun di negeri Selangor telah mendapat kebenaran daripada ibu bapa dan penjaga masing-masing untuk menjadi peserta kajian. Kajian mendapati seramai 7.14% remaja perempuan mengakui suka berpakaian seksi di rumah dan pernah menonton video pornografi bersama ahli keluarga terdekat seperti bapa, abang, bapa saudara serta datuk. Dapatan juga menunjukkan mereka mengalami gangguan seksual dalam kalangan ahli keluarga sekiranya mereka tidak menjaga adab-adab Islam disamping banyak terdedah dengan kemudahan teknologi maklumat yang tiada batasan. Dapatan juga menunjukkan wujudnya elemen yang tidak selamat kepada anak-anak remaja perempuan yang berada dalam rumah sekiranya mekanisme kesejahteraan keluarga tidak dipelihara dengan baik dan betul. Implikasi kajian ini mencadangkan pembangunan sebuah aplikasi mudah alih bagi mengenalpasti tanda-tanda awal gangguan seksual yang berlaku kepada remaja perempuan

Safe usage of cosmetics in Bangladesh: a quality perspective based on microbiological attributes

The present review attempted to emphasize on the microbiological quality of the commonly used cosmetics item by the majority of the Bangladeshi community. The abundance of contaminating microorganisms has been quantitatively discussed and the possible health risk has been focused upon usage of these items. Only a very few research efforts have been conducted on the cosmetic items in Bangladesh so far. The microbiological contamination aspects have been portrayed in this review using the information collected from a substantial number of cosmetic items which were earlier subjected to extensive microbiological and biochemical analyses. The prevalence of bacteria, fungi and the specific pathogenic microorganisms has been discussed based on research so far locally conducted on the finished items sold in markets, especially within the Dhaka metropolis. The laboratory scale experiments revealed the presence of enormous number of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi within the commonly used cosmetics. Conversely, the anti-bacterial activity was noticed in some of the products which might be in favor of the user safety. The prevalence of pathogenic microorganisms in the cosmetic items certainly raises a substantial public health issue. The necessity of the routine microbiological testing of the commonly used cosmetic items as well as the legislative measures to mitigate the contamination problem is thus of great significance. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40709-015-0033-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users

Neuro-ophthalmologic manifestations of corona virus disease (COVID-19): A case series

Manifold neuro-ophthalmological signs & symptoms have been described in association with corona virus disease 19 (COVID-19). These presenting manifestations probably due to the result of a range of pathophysiological mechanisms throughout the course from acute illness to recovery phase & late recovery phase. Optic nerve dysfunction like optic neuropathy is associated with post COVID-19 infection. In this case series we want to highlight about the course, sequelae & association of optic neuropathy in COVID-19 patients. BSMMU J 2021; 14 (COVID -19 Supplement): 42-4

Hybrid learning: An Introduction to Keeping Pace with Educational Development

In light of the growth of necessary technological tools, hybrid education has become one of the necessities of the digital age, the study aimed to consider the method that can be used to provide high-quality hybrid education, the descriptive survey method was used, the study sample consisted of (850) male and female teachers, the questionnaire was used as a tool for the study, the results showed that the evaluation of all parties involved in hybrid education is modest, and according to the results, the results showed that higher education will be facilitated through the constructive contributions made by the parties to the strong IT infrastructure and quality, based on the findings, the researcher recommends Facilitating higher education through constructive contributions made by parties to strong IT infrastructure and quality

Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world. Methods: This international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231. Findings: Between Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58·5%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31·2%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10·2%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12·3%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9·4%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14·0%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23·2%] of 1282) HDI (p < 0·001). The highest SSI incidence in each HDI group was after dirty surgery (102 [17·8%] of 574 patients in high-HDI countries; 74 [31·4%] of 236 patients in middle-HDI countries; 72 [39·8%] of 181 patients in low-HDI countries). Following risk factor adjustment, patients in low-HDI countries were at greatest risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio 1·60, 95% credible interval 1·05–2·37; p=0·030). 132 (21·6%) of 610 patients with an SSI and a microbiology culture result had an infection that was resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic used. Resistant infections were detected in 49 (16·6%) of 295 patients in high-HDI countries, in 37 (19·8%) of 187 patients in middle-HDI countries, and in 46 (35·9%) of 128 patients in low-HDI countries (p < 0·001). Interpretation: Countries with a low HDI carry a disproportionately greater burden of SSI than countries with a middle or high HDI and might have higher rates of antibiotic resistance. In view of WHO recommendations on SSI prevention that highlight the absence of high-quality interventional research, urgent, pragmatic, randomised trials based in LMICs are needed to assess measures aiming to reduce this preventable complication