Perkembangan Pasar Bandar Buat 1984-2015

Skripsi ini berjudul “Perkembangan Pasar Bandar Buat 1984-2015”. Penulisan dari skripsi ini menjelaskan tentang perkembangan yang terjadi di Pasar Bandar Buat, yang mana perkembangan ini juga dipengaruhi oleh perubahan-perubahan yang terjadi di Kecamatan Lubuk Kilangan, baik itu dalam pemerintahan dan pembangunan. Peraturan Pemerintah No. 17 Tahun 1980 Tentang Perubahan Batas Wilayah Kotamadya Daerah Tingkat II Padang, membuat Kenagarian Lubuk Kilangan yang tergabung dalam wilayah Kabupaten Padang Pariaman menjadi sebuah Kecamatan dibawah wilayah Kota Padang. Penggabungan daerah Lubuk Kilangan ke dalam Kota Padang memberikan pengaruh besar bagi perkembangan Pasar Bandar Buat. Pasar Bandar Buat sebelum terjadi pemekaran yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Kota Padang merupakan sebuah pasar nagari yang dikelola oleh Kenagarian Lubuk Kilangan. Pada masa kenagarian ini Pasar Bandar Buat hanya beroperasi dua kali dalam seminggu yaitu pada hari Selasa dan Sabtu, dengan bentuk bangunan berupa los besar semi-permanen. Setelah dikelola oleh Dinas Pasar Kota Padang di bawah Unit Pengelola Teknis Daerah (UPTD) Pasar Bandar Buat, Pasar Bandar Buat beroperasi setiap hari dengan bentuk bangunan permanen. Perkembangan Pasar Bandar Buat tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh perubahan sistem pengelolaan tetapi juga karena kebijakan pembangunan yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Kota Padang terhadap kawasan Bandar Buat yaitu dengan diprioritaskan wilayah Bandar Buat sebagai kawasan pemukiman perumahan untuk masyarakat Kota Padang dan sekitarnya yang ingin tinggal menetap di Kota Padang. Berdasarkan dari semua perubahan-perubahan yang diterapkan oleh Pemerintah Kota Padang terhadap Kelurahan Bandar Buat, membuat Pasar Bandar Buat dari tahun ke tahun mengalami peningkatan, baik itu dalam jumlah pedagang maupun pengunjung. Selain itu, Pasar Bandar Buat juga menjadi pusat perekonomian bagi masyarakat Kecamatan Lubuk Kilangan. Perubahan-perubahan yang terjadi di Kelurahan Bandar Buat serta perkembangan Pasar Bandar Buat dari pasar nagari menjadi pasar wilayah, memberikan dampak terhadap masyarakat Kelurahan Bandar Buat dan sekitarnya. Perubahan ini dapat dilihat dari sektor pembangunan fisik dan sosial-ekonomi. Perubahan pada pembangunan fisik di Kelurahan Bandar Buat dapat dilihat dari banyaknya pembangunan komplek perumahan baru di Kelurahan Bandar Buat dan pembangunan terhadap Pasar Bandar Buat. Untuk sektor sosial-ekonomi terjadinya perubahan mata pencaharian masyarakat Kelurahan Bandar Buat dan sekitarnya dari berprofesi sebagai petani menjadi pedagang dan juga memunculkan mata pencaharian baru seperti penyewaan toko atau kios, kuli angkat, tukang parkir, tukang ojek dan juga sebagai keamanan di Pasar Bandar Buat

Hominin occupation of the Chinese Loess Plateau since about 2.1 million years ago

Considerable attention has been paid to dating the earliest appearance of hominins outside Africa. The earliest skeletal and artefactual evidence for the genus Homo in Asia currently comes from Dmanisi, Georgia, and is dated to approximately 1.77-1.85 million years ago (Ma)(1). Two incisors that may belong to Homo erectus come from Yuanmou, south China, and are dated to 1.7 Ma(2); the next-oldest evidence is an H. erectus cranium from Lantian (Gongwangling)-which has recently been dated to 1.63 Ma(3) and the earliest hominin fossils from the Sangiran dome in Java, which are dated to about 1.5-1.6 Ma(4). Artefacts from Majuangou III5 and Shangshazui(6) in the Nihewan basin, north China, have also been dated to 1.6-1.7 Ma. Here we report an Early Pleistocene and largely continuous artefact sequence from Shangchen, which is a newly discovered Palaeolithic locality of the southern Chinese Loess Plateau, near Gongwangling in Lantian county. The site contains 17 artefact layers that extend from palaeosol S15-dated to approximately 1.26 Ma-to loess L28, which we date to about 2.12 Ma. This discovery implies that hominins left Africa earlier than indicated by the evidence from Dmanisi

Life without the Movius Line: The structure of the East and Southeast Asian Early Palaeolithic

© 2015 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA.The starting point of this paper is that the Movius Line is no longer an appropriate way of studying the Early Palaeolithic of East and Southeast Asia, and should be disregarded. Instead, it is argued that the Early Palaeolithic of East and Southeast Asia needs to be seen as comparable to that in the rest of Eurasia, rather than the product of an isolated backwater. Contra Movius, East Asia was not isolated throughout the entire Early and Middle Pleistocene, but open to immigration during interglacials, as is indicated by its fossil hominin record. As in Europe and Southwest Asia, both bifacial and non-biface assemblages are present in China and Korea, thus indicating the presence of an Acheulean component, although the lack of agreement over how the Acheulean should be defined creates difficulties in establishing its extent in Southeast Asia. Regarding non-biface assemblages, Zhoukoudian was an unfortunate choice of an East Asian site that lacked bifaces, as bifaces are also rare or absent in a number of caves in Southwest Asia and Europe. Additionally, the absence of bifaces in some sites is not convincingly demonstrated because of the small size of the lithic assemblage. Finally, the simple flake industries in Southeast Asia are likely contemporary with Upper Pleistocene, Middle Palaeolithic and microlithic assemblages in India rather than with Middle Pleistocene, Acheulean assemblages, as proposed by Movius

De l'ancien et du neuf dans l'étude du Mésolithique en Asie moyenne

Ranov Vadim Aleksandrovich. De l'ancien et du neuf dans l'étude du Mésolithique en Asie moyenne. In: Paléorient, 2003, vol. 29, n°1. pp. 157-165

The Local Governance Structures In Kazakhstan And Turkey: A Comparatıve Analysıs From A Fınancıal Perspectıve

Sovyet Sosyalist Cumhuriyetler Birliği'nin yönetim yapılanmasından kurtularak Cumhuriyet rejimi ile yeni bir devlet kuran Kazakistan Cumhuriyeti'nde yerelde merkezi yönetimin uygulamacı idaresi şeklinde olan bir kamu yönetimi ile seçimle iş başına gelerek yerel yönetim görevini yerine getiren ikili bir yerel yönetim yapısı inşa edilmiştir. Bu yapıda Akimlerin (vali/başkan) başlarında olduğu bölge (oblast) belediyeleri, şehir belediyeleri, Astana ve Almatı özel statülü belediyeleri ile köy belediyeleri ile Maslikhatlar (seçimle iş başına gelen meclis) olmak üzere idareler mevcuttur. Bahsi geçen bu yapılanmadaki idareler arasındaki temel fark yetki genişliği ile ilgilidir. Bölge belediyelerinin görev ve yetkileri üç fonksiyonlu yapılanma içerisindedir. Bölge belediyeleri, merkezi yönetimin faaliyetlerinin yerel düzeydeki uygulayıcısı görevini ifa ederken bir yandan yerel düzeyde kamusal mal ve hizmetlerin sunumu ile alt kademe yerel yönetim birimlerinin stratejik planlarının hazırlanması ve denetlenmesinden sorumlu bir konumdadır. Ayrıca bölge belediye başkanları görevleri itibari ile yalnızca Cumhurbaşkanı'na karşı sorumludurlar. Alt kademe belediyeleri ise bölge belediye başkanları gibi siyasi karar alma yetkisine sahip bulunmamaktadırlar. Kazakistan Cumhuriyeti'nin yerel yönetimler yapılanmasında yerel yönetim sistemindeki çoklu örgütlenmenin yarattığı siyasi kast yapısı çözülmesi gereken problem olarak ön plana çıkmaktadır. Doğalgaz, petrol gibi hayvansal yakıt rezervlerinin zenginliği ve yaygınlığı da Cumhuriyet içerisindeki bölgelerin tek tek kendi sistemsel bağımsızlıklarına sahip olmak yerine merkezi yönetime bağlı ve ayrılmaz bir yapıda bulunması gerekliliğini ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Tüm bu unsurlar sebebi ile bu tez çalışmasının amacı Kazakistan Cumhuriyeti'nde Türkiye modeli bir yerel yönetim sisteminin uygunluğunu ve uygulanabilirliğini değerlendirmek olarak belirlenmiştir.A bilateral local governance structure by public administration as the implementing authority of the central administration was established in the Republic of Kazakhstan that escaped the management structure of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and built a new nation with a republican regime. Within this structure exists administrations such as oblast municipalities governed by governors, city municipalities, Astana and Almaty special status municipalities, village municipalities and elected councils. The principle difference between these administrations in this structure is related to the scope of authority. Duties and authorities of oblast municipalities lie within a three function structure. Oblast municipalities act as the local implementing bodies of the central administration while providing public goods and services at the local level as well as preparing and inspecting strategic plans of sub-local administration units. Moreover, oblast mayors are only responsible to answer to the President as per their functions. Unlike oblast mayors, sub-municipalities do not have political decision making authorities. The political cast structure created by the multiple setup in the local administration system of the Republic of Kazakhstan's local governance structure emerges as a problem that needs to be solved. The prevalence and richness of fuel reserves such as natural gas and petroleum calls forth the necessity that the regions within the Republic need to be inseparably affiliated to the central administration instead of having their own systematic independency. Due to these reasons, the objective of this dissertation is to evaluate the feasibility and applicabilit