8,009 research outputs found
Quantum Phase Transitions in the Interacting Boson Model: Integrability, level repulsion and level crossing
We study the quantum phase transition mechanisms that arise in the
Interacting Boson Model. We show that the second-order nature of the phase
transition from U(5) to O(6) may be attributed to quantum integrability,
whereas all the first-order phase transitions of the model are due to level
repulsion with one singular point of level crossing. We propose a model
Hamiltonian with a true first-order phase transition for finite systems due to
level crossings.Comment: Accepted in PR
Thermal diagnostic of the Optical Window on board LISA Pathfinder
Vacuum conditions inside the LTP Gravitational Reference Sensor must comply
with rather demanding requirements. The Optical Window (OW) is an interface
which seals the vacuum enclosure and, at the same time, lets the laser beam go
through for interferometric Metrology with the test masses. The OW is a
plane-parallel plate clamped in a Titanium flange, and is considerably
sensitive to thermal and stress fluctuations. It is critical for the required
precision measurements, hence its temperature will be carefully monitored in
flight. This paper reports on the results of a series of OW characterisation
laboratory runs, intended to study its response to selected thermal signals, as
well as their fit to numerical models, and the meaning of the latter. We find
that a single pole ARMA transfer function provides a consistent approximation
to the OW response to thermal excitations, and derive a relationship with the
physical processes taking place in the OW. We also show how system noise
reduction can be accomplished by means of that transfer function.Comment: 20 pages, 14 figures; accepted for publication in Class. Quantum Gra
Mean field study of structural changes in Pt isotopes with the Gogny interaction
The evolution of the nuclear shapes along the triaxial landscape is studied
in the Pt isotopic chain using the selfconsistent Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov
approximation based on the Gogny interaction. In addition to the
parametrization D1S, the new incarnations D1N and D1M of this force are also
included in our analysis to asses to which extent the predictions are
independent of details of the effective interaction. The considered range of
neutron numbers 88<N<26 includes prolate, triaxial, oblate and spherical ground
state shapes and serves for a detailed comparison of the predictions obtained
with the new sets D1N and D1M against the ones provided by the standard
parametrization Gogny-D1S in a region of the nuclear landscape for which
experimental and theoretical fingerprints of shape transitions have been found.
Structural evolution along the Pt chain is discussed in terms of the
deformation dependence of single particle energies.Comment: 18 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
Hallazgos electromiográficos y electroneurográficos en el pie cavo esencial
La etiología del pie cavo cuando ésta es conocida, suele ser debida a un trastorno
de tipo neurológico o miopático, aunque en determinados casos nos encontramos con pacientes
que padecen esta deformidad en el pie, en los cuales no podemos descubrir ningún
antecedente de este tipo, por lo que lo calificamos de pie cavo «esencial». A un grupo de estos
pacientes con pie cavo «esencial», en los que no hemos encontrado ningún tipo de antecedente
neurológico, lo hemos sometido a una exploración electroneurográfica, encontrando que la
mitad de ellos padecían algún trastorno neuropático/miopático, que no había sido detectado
en la exploración clínica inicial.Neurological or myopathic diseases are frequently involved in the etiology of flat
foot. In some cases, no antecedents of disease can be found and therefore these flat foots are
classified as «essential». We have undertaken an electrophysiologic study in a series of patients
with «essential» flat food in order to explore unsuspected neurological disorders. In half of the
patients, neuropathic and myopathic electroneurographic patterns of different severity were detected
Two-neutron transfer reactions as a tool to study the interplay between shape coexistence and quantum phase transitions
The goal of this study is to find an observable that could distinguish
between both phenomena, shape coexistence and quantum phase transitions. The
selected observable to be analyzed is the two-neutron transfer intensity
between the 0+ states in the parent and daughter nuclei. The framework in which
the study is done is the Interacting Boson Model (IBM), including its version
with configuration mixing (IBM-CM). In order to generate the wave functions of
the isotope chains of interest, needed for calculating transfer intensities,
previous systematic studies with IBM and IBM-CM are taken without changing the
parameters. Results for two-neutron transfer intensities are presented for Zr,
Hg and Pt isotopic chains using IBM-CM and, moreover, the same is done for Zr,
Pt and Sm isotopic chains using IBM with just a single configuration, i.e.,
without using configuration mixing. In the case of Zr, the two-neutron transfer
intensities between the ground states provide a clear observable indicating
that normal and intruder configurations coexist in the low-lying spectrum and
that they cross at A=98->100, and this could allow to disentangle whether or
not shape coexistence is inducing a given QPT. In the case of Pt, where shape
coexistence is present and the regular and the intruder configurations cross
for the ground state, there is almost no influence in the value of the
two-neutron transfer, neither in the case of Hg where the ground state always
has regular nature. For the Sm isotope chain that is one of the quantum phase
transition paradigms, the value of the two-neutron transfer is strongly
affected.Comment: To be published in the Chinese Physics
Relationship between X(5)-models and the interacting boson model
The connections between the X(5)-models (the original X(5) using an infinite
square well, X(5)-, X(5)-, X(5)-, and
X(5)-), based on particular solutions of the geometrical Bohr
Hamiltonian with harmonic potential in the degree of freedom, and the
interacting boson model (IBM) are explored. This work is the natural extension
of the work presented in [1] for the E(5)-models. For that purpose, a quite
general one- and two-body IBM Hamiltonian is used and a numerical fit to the
different X(5)-models energies is performed, later on the obtained wave
functions are used to calculate B(E2) transition rates. It is shown that within
the IBM one can reproduce well the results for energies and B(E2) transition
rates obtained with all these X(5)-models, although the agreement is not so
impressive as for the E(5)-models. From the fitted IBM parameters the
corresponding energy surface can be extracted and it is obtained that,
surprisingly, only the X(5) case corresponds in the moderate large N limit to
an energy surface very close to the one expected for a critical point, while
the rest of models seat a little farther.Comment: Accepted in Physical Review
On the relation between models and the interacting boson model
The connections between the models (the original E(5) using an
infinite square well, , and ), based
on particular solutions of the geometrical Bohr Hamiltonian with
-unstable potentials, and the interacting boson model (IBM) are
explored. For that purpose, the general IBM Hamiltonian for the
transition line is used and a numerical fit to the different models
energies is performed, later on the obtained wavefunctions are used to
calculate B(E2) transition rates. It is shown that within the IBM one can
reproduce very well all these models. The agreement is the best for
and reduces when passing through ,
and E(5), where the worst agreement is obtained (although still very good for a
restricted set of lowest lying states). The fitted IBM Hamiltonians correspond
to energy surfaces close to those expected for the critical point. A phenomenon
similar to the quasidynamical symmetry is observed
The nuclear and extended infrared emission of the Seyfert galaxy NGC 2992 and the interacting system Arp 245
We present subarcsecond resolution infrared (IR) imaging and mid-IR
spectroscopic observations of the Seyfert 1.9 galaxy NGC 2992, obtained with
the Gemini North Telescope and the Gran Telescopio CANARIAS (GTC). The N-band
image reveals faint extended emission out to ~3 kpc, and the PAH features
detected in the GTC/CanariCam 7.5-13 micron spectrum indicate that the bulk of
this extended emission is dust heated by star formation. We also report
arcsecond resolution MIR and far-IR imaging of the interacting system Arp 245,
taken with the Spitzer Space Telescope and the Herschel Space Observatory.
Using these data, we obtain nuclear fluxes using different methods and find
that we can only recover the nuclear fluxes obtained from the subarcsecond data
at 20-25 micron, where the AGN emission dominates. We fitted the nuclear IR
spectral energy distribution of NGC 2992, including the GTC/CanariCam nuclear
spectrum (~50 pc), with clumpy torus models. We then used the best-fitting
torus model to decompose the Spitzer/IRS 5-30 spectrum (~630 pc) in AGN and
starburst components, using different starburst templates. We find that,
whereas at shorter mid-IR wavelengths the starburst component dominates (64% at
6 micron), the AGN component reaches 90% at 20 micron. We finally obtained dust
masses, temperatures and star formation rates for the different components of
the Arp 245 system and find similar values for NGC 2992 and NGC 2993. These
measurements are within those reported for other interacting systems in the
first stages of the interaction.Comment: 20 pages, 12 figures, accepted by MNRA
Finite-size scaling exponents in the interacting boson model
We investigate the finite-size scaling exponents for the critical point at
the shape phase transition from U(5) (spherical) to O(6) (deformed
-unstable) dynamical symmetries of the Interacting Boson Model, making
use of the Holstein-Primakoff boson expansion and the continuous unitary
transformation technique. We compute exactly the leading order correction to
the ground state energy, the gap, the expectation value of the -boson number
in the ground state and the transition probability from the ground state
to the first excited state, and determine the corresponding finite-size scaling
exponents.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, published versio
Phase diagram for a Cubic Consistent-Q Interacting Boson Model Hamiltonian: signs of triaxiality
An extension of the Consistent-Q formalism for the Interacting Boson Model
that includes the cubic QxQxQ term is proposed. The potential energy surface
for the cubic quadrupole interaction is explicitly calculated within the
coherent state formalism using the complete chi-dependent expression for the
quadrupole operator. The Q-cubic term is found to depend on the asymmetry
deformation parameter gamma as a linear combination of cos(3gamma) and
cos^2(3\gamma) terms, thereby allowing for triaxiality. The phase diagram of
the model in the large N limit is explored, it is described the order of the
phase transition surfaces that define the phase diagram, and moreover, the
possible nuclear equilibrium shapes are established. It is found that, contrary
to expectations, there is only a very tiny region of triaxiality in the model,
and that the transition from prolate to oblate shapes is so fast that, in most
cases, the onset of triaxiality might go unnoticed.Comment: 18 pages, 19 figure
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