Teaching assistive technology in undergraduate courses in occupational therapy in the State of São Paulo

Introduction: Knowledge about assistive technology is related to aspects of the field of occupational therapy, thus, it is questioned whether such knowledge has been addressed in undergraduate courses. Objectives: To identify the undergraduate courses in occupational therapy in the state of São Paulo that offer disciplines related to assistive technology, identify the disciplines, their respective workloads and the content present in each of them. Method: The sample consisted of eight universities, five public and three private. The search was made in the curricular matrices, teaching plans of specific and non-specific disciplines, objectives and contents available online or requested from the course coordinator. Descriptive data analysis was performed. Results: It was found that assistive technology content was offered in the investigated universities, with a difference between the workload and the content offered. The analysis by assistive technology application area showed that the content on orthoses is offered in 100% of the analyzed courses, followed by assistive products for the performance of daily activities and prostheses, both contents found in 75% of the courses; mobility equipment; accessibility and universal design in 62.5%; alternative communication in 50% of the courses. Conclusion:The results point to the relevance of greater homogeneity of content between the investigated universities and suggest that this study has the potential to foster discussions about the formation of occupational therapists in the assistive technology area, since the results come from the analysis of undergraduate courses located in the state which has the largest number of occupational therapy courses in Brazil

Use of single photon emission computed tomography and magnetic resonance to evaluate central nervous system involvement in patients with juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus

The objective of the present study was to identify the single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and magnetic resonance (MR) findings in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) patients with CNS involvement and to try to correlate them with neurological clinical history data and neurological clinical examination. Nineteen patients with JSLE (16 girls and 3 boys, mean age at onset 9.2 years) were submitted to neurological examination, electroencephalography, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, SPECT and MR. All the evaluations were made separately within a period of 15 days. SPECT and MR findings were analyzed independently by two radiologists. Electroencephalography and cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed no relevant alterations. Ten of 19 patients (53%) presented neurological abnormalities including present or past neurological clinical history (8/19, 42%), abnormal neurological clinical examination (5/19, 26%), and abnormal SPECT or MR (8/19, 42% and 3/19, 16%, respectively). The most common changes in SPECT were cerebral hypoperfusion and heterogeneous distribution of blood flow. The most common abnormalities in MR were leukomalacia and diffuse alterations of white matter. There was a correlation between SPECT and MR (P<0.05). We conclude that SPECT and MR are complementary and useful exams in the evaluation of neurological involvement of lupus.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de Pediatria Divisão de Alergia, Imunologia Clínica e ReumatologiaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de Diagnóstico por Imagem Divisão de Medicina NuclearUNIFESP, Depto. de Pediatria Divisão de Alergia, Imunologia Clínica e ReumatologiaUNIFESP, Depto. de Diagnóstico por Imagem Divisão de Medicina NuclearSciEL

A colaboração do segmento privado da educação superior na proposta de democratização do acesso: um estudo da perspectiva sul catarinese

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1983-4535.2014v7n1p79 Considerando a democratização do acesso à educação superior, o artigo tem como objetivo apresentar quais são as principais contribuições de Faculdades Isoladas localizadas no Sul do Estado de Santa Catarina. Para tanto, as contribuições teóricas se estruturam sob a égide de uma reflexão baseada na evolução da educação superior no Brasil, em reflexões sobre a qualidade no segmento e sobre o PNE como instrumento norteador da expansão da educação superior. Desse modo, com base nas orientações metodológicas, a pesquisa configura-se como sendo predominantemente qualitativa, tendo suas bases principais centradas em um estudo de caso de IES localizadas no sul do estado de Santa Catarina.  Os resultados permitem inferir que os principais indicadores que práticas vinculadas a observância das características sociais do entorno permitem alinhar ações acadêmicas e administrativas que fomentam a democratização do acesso, a equidade e a permanência, fomentando oportunidades para a consecução dos objetivos do Plano Nacional da Educação

Insatisfação com a massa corporal e uso de suplementos alimentares em frequentadoras de academias de ginástica em Juiz de Fora - MG

The aim of this study was to verify the association between body weight dissatisfaction and the use of dietary supplements in women who attend gyms in Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil. Data were collected in seven different establishments. Body mass dissatisfaction was evaluated by the difference between the body weight considered ideal for herself and self-report body mass. According to the results, it is concluded that most of the women showed body mass dissatisfaction, as well as more than one-third used dietary supplements, but these variables were not correlated.El objetivo de este estudio fue verificar la asociación entre insatisfacción con la masa corporal y el uso de alimentos suplementos en mujeres que asisten a gimnasios en Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil. Los datos fueron recogidos en siete establecimientos diferentes. La insatisfacción con la masa corporal fue evaluada por la diferencia entre el peso corporal considerado ideal por sí misma y peso corporal auto referido. Según los resultados, se concluye que la mayoría de las mujeres mostró insatisfacción con la masa corporal, así como más de un tercio usaba suplementos alimenticios, pero estas variables no se correlacionaron.O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a associação entre insatisfação com a massa corporal e o uso de suplementos alimentares em mulheres que frequentam academias de ginástica em Juiz de Fora, MG. Os dados foram coletados em sete estabelecimentos. A insatisfação com a massa corporal foi avaliada pela diferença entre a massa corporal considerada ideal para si mesma e a massa corporal auto referida. De acordo com os resultados, conclui-se que a maior parte das mulheres apresentou insatisfação com a massa corporal, assim como mais de um terço utilizou suplementos alimentares, porém essas variáveis não estavam correlacionadas

Canine Oral Osteocartilaginous Malignant Amelanotic Melanoma with Pulmonary Metastasis

Background: Melanomas are typically malignant neoplasms commonly observed in the oral cavity of dogs. The classical presentation of melanomas with characteristic melanin pigmentation is easy to diagnose; however, in some cases, the lack of melanin production in the amelanotic oral tumors cause a delay in establishing the precocious diagnosis and consequent treatment. The aim of this report was to evaluate the histopathological and immunohistochemical aspects of an oral amelanotic melanoma with osteocartilaginous formation and metastasis in a dog, in a temporal way.Case: A 10-year-old male German Shepherd dog, presenting mouth bleeding with an amelanotic melanoma located between the upper incisors was received at the Veterinary Hospital of the Catholic University Dom Bosco (UCDB), Campo Grande, MS, Brazil. The animal was clinically evaluated and radiography was performed. The tumor was surgically removed and a sample was collected for histopathological examination that revealed spindloid and some epithelioid morphological cell types surrounded by a fibromatous matrix with moderate amounts of fibrovascular stroma. Approximately 1 month after surgical removal, recovery of the tumor was observed, and a second clinical analysis and collection of sample were performed. These procedures were repeated three times showing the same histopathological characteristics added by myxoid, chondroid, fibromatous tissue, and small groups of chondrocytes as well as central areas of irregular mineralized spicules. X-ray examination revealed proliferative and lytic bone infiltration in the jaw. Immunohistochemical analysis for melanocytic differentiation markers was performed showing positivity to Melan-A, tyrosinase and HMB-45 immunoreactivity, while no S100 reactivity was detected. After 11 months of the first biopsy, pleural effusion and radiopaque disseminated nodules of 1cm in the lungs were detected by X-ray. The animal died and necropsy was conducted. Multiple masses were observed in the lung and at the parietal pleura, suggesting lung metastasis by the positivity for Melan-A.Discussion: The dog was first diagnosed with fibromatous epulis based on the observation of fibroblastic tissue and spindle cells with intense vascularization associated to the site of the tumor and its macroscopic aspect. In the subsequent follow-ups the tumor displayed malignant characteristics observed by recurrence after each surgery, as the tumor returned even larger, aggressive, and infiltrative. From the second biopsy, the histopathological analysis showed the undifferentiated character of epithelioid neoplastic cells, demonstrated by the increase of cartilage and osteoid tissue and the mineral deposit. The phenomenon of the tumor stroma to form cartilage and bone is highlighted here because myxoid change and cartilage formation were frequently observed at the site where amelanotic spindle cells were actively proliferating. It is possible that neoplastic melanocytic cells themselves were involved in the development of the osteocartilaginous areas. Although no cytoplasmic melanin pigmentation was found in the tumor fragments, specific melanocytic markers for melanoma detected neoplastic melanocytes and unmelanized melanosomes. The positive reaction for Melan-A, HMB-45, and tyrosinase in the epithelioid, spindle, and cartilaginous cell groups of the neoplasia indicated amelanotic melanoma with osteocartilaginous differentiation. The negative HMB-45, S100, and tyrosinase expression in lung metastasis may be due to the fact that melanomas express aberrant markers and are also known to display occasional loss of their classic immunophenotype. Amelanotic melanoma can be underdiagnosed due to rapid progression of the tumor allied to the dedifferentiation ability of melanocytes. Thus, the follow up study of cell morphology and immunohistochemical analysis for melanogenic factors can be important determinants in diagnosis

TERAPIA DE REPOSIÇÃO HORMONAL E DOENÇAS CARDIOVASCULARES: RISCOS E BENEFÍCIOS

A terapia de reposição hormonal (TRH) tem sido empregada de forma crescente, buscando benefícios a curto, médio e longo prazo. Trata-se de um método que consiste na administração de hormônios esteroidais visando a reposição destes, que se encontram diminuídos no organismo da usuária. Devido a este aumento progressivo do uso da TRH, surgiram questionamentos sobre riscos e benefícios desta no desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares (DCV). Tendo em vista estes questionamentos, o seguinte estudo objetiva esclarecer a correspondência existente entre TRH e DCV. Para tal, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa de 20 artigos, através das seguintes bases de dados: Google Acadêmico, Bireme, PubMed, Scielo e MedLine. Observou-se com a análise dos artigos que não existe um consenso entre os autores sobre o eventual risco da associação TRH e DCV. Constata-se então que são múltiplos os fatores envolvidos na progressão de DCV e que a TRH pode influenciar de maneira negativa ou positiva nesse processo, o qual depende principalmente de outras condições pré-existentes e ímpares de cada indivíduo