Adaptation of Social Attributes of Place in Creative Placemaking towards Social Sustainability

Creative placemaking emerges as an evolving field of practice that leverages the power of arts, culture, and creativity to serve the community’s interests. Scholars have conveyed the values and benefits of creative placemaking in dealing with social issues and formulating agenda for urban transformation. An extensive review of the literature was conducted to understand the significance of social attributes of place in supporting creative placemaking strategies. A systematic search process yielded 14 articles from 121 documents that have been analyzed systematically. The review found that the social attributes of place generate social opportunities and community-led creative placemaking as catalysts for sustainable urban regeneration.Keywords:Creative placemaking; Social attributes; Social sustainability; Urban regenerationeISSN 2398-4279 ©2020 The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ajqol.v5i18.20

An Overview of Creative Placemaking as an Enabler for a Sustainable Urban Regeneration

As the rapid growth of cities continues to pose a significant threat to the well-being of people, its adverse effects have moved to the forefront of social sustainability. Urban regeneration has become one of the adaptations in solving a social issue. Alongside these interventions, creative placemaking emerges as an evolving field of practice driving a broader agenda for growth and transformation of cities. This paper reviews the concept of creative placemaking as an approach to urban regeneration and theories extracted from planning and urban design literature. The findings provide an understanding of the significant function of social attributes of place in crafting strategies in the creation of successful creative placemaking.Keywords: Urban regeneration; Creative placemaking; Urban places; Social sustainabilityeISSN: 2398-4287 © 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v5i13.205

Open – Air Museum : showcasing the heritage treasure as ways of connecting people, history and nature at Pantai Melawi, Bachok, Kelantan

Malaysia is experiencing an incredible pace of tourism development where the cultural heritage is one of the crucial part that have contributed to appeal as the tourist destination and become economic sources. This paper addresses the heritage treasure where the societies can be captivated by the sense of belongings at Pantai Melawi, Bachok, Kelantan as it has the authenticity of both cultural and military heritage. However, the exposure of these both heritage towards societies is not highlighted adequately enough which leads to the degradation and abandoned of it. Hence, the purpose of this study is to preserve and remain the existing heritage treasure with the supports of local community as well as outsiders. With the aid of heritage asset’s presence, it can be showcased and helps in connecting people, history and nature at Pantai Melawi. The finding of this study is not only considered on how the both of military and cultural heritage will be preserved within its rural landscape, but also the proposal of an open – air museum at Pantai Melawi where enabling the village to be a destination of heritage tourism. Through the implementation of military ambience within historic space and provision of local tradition activities within local settlements, Pantai Melawi will be transformed into vibrant heritage area where it has its own identity and character

Simulation model to improve the service time at Gambang clinic

The aim of this research is to improve the service time in the clinic. The service time in the clinic are important and depend to number of the patient that the clinic had in a day. A simulation of a system is the operation of a model of the system. The operation of the model can be studied, properties concerning the behavior of the actual system or its subsystem that can be inferred. In its broadest sense, simulation is a tool to evaluate the performance of a system, existing proposed, under different configurations of interest and over long periods of real time. By using the simulation, the actual output is appears and it can be improved the system by using Arena software. Therefore, the important part in service time in the clinic is the queuing duration along the process in the clinic. Moreover, the Arena software can analyze the actual system and it can he modified to be more successful system. The objectives of this study are to improve the efficiency of the service time, to analyze system and working process, and to decrease the patient waiting duration. Furthermore, the result shows that by using Arena simulation, the service time at the clinic can be improve

Users’ preferences towards social attributes of creative placemaking

Rapid urban development with the increasing population growth often led to social isolation and a diminishing cultural identity. Through this challenge, the government has embraced placemaking as a strategy to sustain inclusive cities and communities. Malaysia has also made efforts in creating more inclusive urban environment to secure cultural identity by branding the Kuala Lumpur as a Cultural and Creative City. Creative placemaking is an emerging field of practice that purposefully leverages the power of the arts, culture, and creativity to serve the needs of the urban community. However, there is a lack in the creative practice in terms of the forms and types of activities that should be offered to support users’ social needs and preferences. To date, a multidimensional evaluation of creative placemaking which subjectively considers the social aspect and urban design has not been adequately explored. The aim of the study is to incorporate urban design social attributes as a framework to establish a successful creative placemaking within the Kuala Lumpur city center. This study examines the preferences of users regarding the social attributes of place and the factors influencing them. RIUH, one of the social initiatives practicing creative placemaking in places within Kuala Lumpur was selected as a case study. This study was initiated with a quantitative methodology, based on self-completion questionnaires by 340 respondents. It is followed by qualitative methodology by conducting field observation using photographic recording technique to document the actual scene of the study area and strengthen the questionnaire survey findings. The quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 whereas qualitative data using content analysis. The results of users’ preference, field observation, and answers from open-ended questions were then synthesized. Findings revealed social attributes of place in creative placemaking such as inclusiveness, value, diversity, and vitality of place are notable. These sets of social attributes of the place were determined by demographic profile, their pattern of engagement, and place experience. The findings contribute to a better understanding of social attributes of place to be provided in creative placemaking and emphasize the significance of such environments in promoting social opportunity

The functions of urban design social attributes in creative placemaking: the case of Kuala Lumpur event festivals

Purpose – An increasing effort to reinforce cultural and social activities in creative placemaking is observed. Despite extensive previous studies, works of literature ignored the necessary group-specific indicators and processes in creative placemaking. In successful placemaking, the vital attributes of a place as a social platform should be identified and intensified in the initiatives taken. As such, this study aims to examine the functions of urban design social attributes in generating meaningful creative placemaking initiatives. Design/methodology/approach – A survey was performed, which involved 340 visitors in the inner city of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, from one case study (a strategic social event initiative called RIUH) on users’ preference toward the social attributes of place and the factors influencing preference. Field observations were carried out to understand the social activities and pattern of engagement. Findings – The preference study revealed that urban design social attributes encompassed the essential inclusiveness, value, diversity and vitality of place because of high preference and a significant difference among groups. Social implications – Understanding users’ preferences has emphasized the relevance of each urban design social attribute in accommodating different user opportunity groups, ultimately inducing a positive social impact in creative placemaking. Originality/value – This study demonstrated the success of creative placemaking in urban development from the social dimension. It provides an understanding that the priority of creative practices should be redirected toward a more in-depth approach in addressing individuals, social capacity, involvement and wellbeing through the optimization of benefits and other creative placemaking values

Exploring the sense of place of traditional shopping streets through Instagram's visual images and narratives

Purpose: This study aims to capture a sense of place by analysing the physical attributes of the traditional shopping streets located in Indonesia and Malaysia through Instagram posts. Design/methodology/approach: This study adopted a direct content analysis using visual images of 400 posts of Indonesian and Malaysian respondents. The Instagram Application Programming Interface (API) was used to extract data from Instagram posts. It is then followed by the quantitative analysis to determine the frequencies of visual and narrative representations of physical attributes defining the sense of place. Findings: Five visual and narrative categories, namely architectural style, store design, special focal points, and the varieties of products and services that represent the physical attributes of shopping streets, were investigated. The findings would benefit the urban preservation initiatives so that the sense of place as authentic tourism destinations can be secured. Social implications: The awareness of the traditional shopping street as a place of character, especially from social media users, is able to create local values that lead to place imageability and promote national tourism. Originality/value: This study captured the sense of traditional places based on the people’s identifications that were shared on social media platforms. The posts’ preferences confirmed the significance of traditional shopping streets as a place of attraction and identity. The findings addressed the functions of physical attributes in sustaining the historical and authentic values of traditional shopping streets

Association of Country Income Level With the Characteristics and Outcomes of Critically Ill Patients Hospitalized With Acute Kidney Injury and COVID-19

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) has been identified as one of the most common and significant problems in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. However, studies examining the relationship between COVID-19 and AKI in low- and low-middle income countries (LLMIC) are lacking. Given that AKI is known to carry a higher mortality rate in these countries, it is important to understand differences in this population. Methods: This prospective, observational study examines the AKI incidence and characteristics of 32,210 patients with COVID-19 from 49 countries across all income levels who were admitted to an intensive care unit during their hospital stay. Results: Among patients with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit, AKI incidence was highest in patients in LLMIC, followed by patients in upper-middle income countries (UMIC) and high-income countries (HIC) (53%, 38%, and 30%, respectively), whereas dialysis rates were lowest among patients with AKI from LLMIC and highest among those from HIC (27% vs. 45%). Patients with AKI in LLMIC had the largest proportion of community-acquired AKI (CA-AKI) and highest rate of in-hospital death (79% vs. 54% in HIC and 66% in UMIC). The association between AKI, being from LLMIC and in-hospital death persisted even after adjusting for disease severity. Conclusions: AKI is a particularly devastating complication of COVID-19 among patients from poorer nations where the gaps in accessibility and quality of healthcare delivery have a major impact on patient outcomes

Characteristics and outcomes of an international cohort of 600 000 hospitalized patients with COVID-19

Background: We describe demographic features, treatments and clinical outcomes in the International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) COVID-19 cohort, one of the world's largest international, standardized data sets concerning hospitalized patients. Methods: The data set analysed includes COVID-19 patients hospitalized between January 2020 and January 2022 in 52 countries. We investigated how symptoms on admission, co-morbidities, risk factors and treatments varied by age, sex and other characteristics. We used Cox regression models to investigate associations between demographics, symptoms, co-morbidities and other factors with risk of death, admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Results: Data were available for 689 572 patients with laboratory-confirmed (91.1%) or clinically diagnosed (8.9%) SARS-CoV-2 infection from 52 countries. Age [adjusted hazard ratio per 10 years 1.49 (95% CI 1.48, 1.49)] and male sex [1.23 (1.21, 1.24)] were associated with a higher risk of death. Rates of admission to an ICU and use of IMV increased with age up to age 60 years then dropped. Symptoms, co-morbidities and treatments varied by age and had varied associations with clinical outcomes. The case-fatality ratio varied by country partly due to differences in the clinical characteristics of recruited patients and was on average 21.5%. Conclusions: Age was the strongest determinant of risk of death, with a ∼30-fold difference between the oldest and youngest groups; each of the co-morbidities included was associated with up to an almost 2-fold increase in risk. Smoking and obesity were also associated with a higher risk of death. The size of our international database and the standardized data collection method make this study a comprehensive international description of COVID-19 clinical features. Our findings may inform strategies that involve prioritization of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 who have a higher risk of death

Thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications of COVID-19 in adults hospitalized in high-income countries compared with those in adults hospitalized in low- and middle-income countries in an international registry

Background: COVID-19 has been associated with a broad range of thromboembolic, ischemic, and hemorrhagic complications (coagulopathy complications). Most studies have focused on patients with severe disease from high-income countries (HICs). Objectives: The main aims were to compare the frequency of coagulopathy complications in developing countries (low- and middle-income countries [LMICs]) with those in HICs, delineate the frequency across a range of treatment levels, and determine associations with in-hospital mortality. Methods: Adult patients enrolled in an observational, multinational registry, the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infections COVID-19 study, between January 1, 2020, and September 15, 2021, met inclusion criteria, including admission to a hospital for laboratory-confirmed, acute COVID-19 and data on complications and survival. The advanced-treatment cohort received care, such as admission to the intensive care unit, mechanical ventilation, or inotropes or vasopressors; the basic-treatment cohort did not receive any of these interventions. Results: The study population included 495,682 patients from 52 countries, with 63% from LMICs and 85% in the basic treatment cohort. The frequency of coagulopathy complications was higher in HICs (0.76%-3.4%) than in LMICs (0.09%-1.22%). Complications were more frequent in the advanced-treatment cohort than in the basic-treatment cohort. Coagulopathy complications were associated with increased in-hospital mortality (odds ratio, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.52-1.64). The increased mortality associated with these complications was higher in LMICs (58.5%) than in HICs (35.4%). After controlling for coagulopathy complications, treatment intensity, and multiple other factors, the mortality was higher among patients in LMICs than among patients in HICs (odds ratio, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.39-1.51). Conclusion: In a large, international registry of patients hospitalized for COVID-19, coagulopathy complications were more frequent in HICs than in LMICs (developing countries). Increased mortality associated with coagulopathy complications was of a greater magnitude among patients in LMICs. Additional research is needed regarding timely diagnosis of and intervention for coagulation derangements associated with COVID-19, particularly for limited-resource settings