Cov-caldas: A new COVID-19 chest X-Ray dataset from state of Caldas-Colombia

The emergence of COVID-19 as a global pandemic forced researchers worldwide in various disciplines to investigate and propose efficient strategies and/or technologies to prevent COVID-19 from further spreading. One of the main challenges to be overcome is the fast and efficient detection of COVID-19 using deep learning approaches and medical images such as Chest Computed Tomography (CT) and Chest X-ray images. In order to contribute to this challenge, a new dataset was collected in collaboration with “S.E.S Hospital Universitario de Caldas” (https://hospitaldecaldas.com/) from Colombia and organized following the Medical Imaging Data Structure (MIDS) format. The dataset contains 7,307 chest X-ray images divided into 3,077 and 4,230 COVID-19 positive and negative images. Images were subjected to a selection and anonymization process to allow the scientific community to use them freely. Finally, different convolutional neural networks were used to perform technical validation. This dataset contributes to the scientific community by tackling significant limitations regarding data quality and availability for the detection of COVID-19. © 2022, The Author(s)

New insights into the genetic etiology of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias

Characterization of the genetic landscape of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADD) provides a unique opportunity for a better understanding of the associated pathophysiological processes. We performed a two-stage genome-wide association study totaling 111,326 clinically diagnosed/'proxy' AD cases and 677,663 controls. We found 75 risk loci, of which 42 were new at the time of analysis. Pathway enrichment analyses confirmed the involvement of amyloid/tau pathways and highlighted microglia implication. Gene prioritization in the new loci identified 31 genes that were suggestive of new genetically associated processes, including the tumor necrosis factor alpha pathway through the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex. We also built a new genetic risk score associated with the risk of future AD/dementia or progression from mild cognitive impairment to AD/dementia. The improvement in prediction led to a 1.6- to 1.9-fold increase in AD risk from the lowest to the highest decile, in addition to effects of age and the APOE ε4 allele

Multiancestry analysis of the HLA locus in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases uncovers a shared adaptive immune response mediated by HLA-DRB1*04 subtypes

Across multiancestry groups, we analyzed Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) associations in over 176,000 individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) versus controls. We demonstrate that the two diseases share the same protective association at the HLA locus. HLA-specific fine-mapping showed that hierarchical protective effects of HLA-DRB1*04 subtypes best accounted for the association, strongest with HLA-DRB1*04:04 and HLA-DRB1*04:07, and intermediary with HLA-DRB1*04:01 and HLA-DRB1*04:03. The same signal was associated with decreased neurofibrillary tangles in postmortem brains and was associated with reduced tau levels in cerebrospinal fluid and to a lower extent with increased Aβ42. Protective HLA-DRB1*04 subtypes strongly bound the aggregation-prone tau PHF6 sequence, however only when acetylated at a lysine (K311), a common posttranslational modification central to tau aggregation. An HLA-DRB1*04-mediated adaptive immune response decreases PD and AD risks, potentially by acting against tau, offering the possibility of therapeutic avenues

Identification of genetic variants associated with Huntington's disease progression: a genome-wide association study

Background Huntington's disease is caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the huntingtin gene, HTT. Age at onset has been used as a quantitative phenotype in genetic analysis looking for Huntington's disease modifiers, but is hard to define and not always available. Therefore, we aimed to generate a novel measure of disease progression and to identify genetic markers associated with this progression measure. Methods We generated a progression score on the basis of principal component analysis of prospectively acquired longitudinal changes in motor, cognitive, and imaging measures in the 218 indivduals in the TRACK-HD cohort of Huntington's disease gene mutation carriers (data collected 2008–11). We generated a parallel progression score using data from 1773 previously genotyped participants from the European Huntington's Disease Network REGISTRY study of Huntington's disease mutation carriers (data collected 2003–13). We did a genome-wide association analyses in terms of progression for 216 TRACK-HD participants and 1773 REGISTRY participants, then a meta-analysis of these results was undertaken. Findings Longitudinal motor, cognitive, and imaging scores were correlated with each other in TRACK-HD participants, justifying use of a single, cross-domain measure of disease progression in both studies. The TRACK-HD and REGISTRY progression measures were correlated with each other (r=0·674), and with age at onset (TRACK-HD, r=0·315; REGISTRY, r=0·234). The meta-analysis of progression in TRACK-HD and REGISTRY gave a genome-wide significant signal (p=1·12 × 10−10) on chromosome 5 spanning three genes: MSH3, DHFR, and MTRNR2L2. The genes in this locus were associated with progression in TRACK-HD (MSH3 p=2·94 × 10−8 DHFR p=8·37 × 10−7 MTRNR2L2 p=2·15 × 10−9) and to a lesser extent in REGISTRY (MSH3 p=9·36 × 10−4 DHFR p=8·45 × 10−4 MTRNR2L2 p=1·20 × 10−3). The lead single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in TRACK-HD (rs557874766) was genome-wide significant in the meta-analysis (p=1·58 × 10−8), and encodes an aminoacid change (Pro67Ala) in MSH3. In TRACK-HD, each copy of the minor allele at this SNP was associated with a 0·4 units per year (95% CI 0·16–0·66) reduction in the rate of change of the Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale (UHDRS) Total Motor Score, and a reduction of 0·12 units per year (95% CI 0·06–0·18) in the rate of change of UHDRS Total Functional Capacity score. These associations remained significant after adjusting for age of onset. Interpretation The multidomain progression measure in TRACK-HD was associated with a functional variant that was genome-wide significant in our meta-analysis. The association in only 216 participants implies that the progression measure is a sensitive reflection of disease burden, that the effect size at this locus is large, or both. Knockout of Msh3 reduces somatic expansion in Huntington's disease mouse models, suggesting this mechanism as an area for future therapeutic investigation

Analysis of ORF5 sequences of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome virus (PRRSV) circulating within swine farms in Costa Rica

The authors acknowledge the contribution of the technical staff from the Virology laboratory EMV, UNA, and the Biosecurity Laboratory, LANASEVE, SENASA. Also, thanks go to Susana Ureña for helping in sample collection and epidemiology data from farms used in this study. The authors thank Prof Hans Nauwynck and Boehringer Ingelheim for providing laboratory supplies and technical assistance and Sietske Ruijgh for the editingBackground: Worldwide, Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) is among the diseases that cause the highest economic impact in modern pig production. PRRS was first detected in Costa Rica in 1996 and has since then severely affected the local swine industry. Studies of the molecular characterization of circulating strains, correlation with clinical records, and associations with pathogens associated with Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex (PRDC) have not been done in Costa Rica. Results: Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of ORF5 proved that PRRSV-2 was the only species detected in all locations analyzed. These sequences were grouped into three clusters. When comparing samples from San Jose, Alejuela, and Puntarenas to historical isolates of the previously described lineages (1 to 9), it has been shown that these were closely related to each other and belonged to Lineage 5, along with the samples from Heredia. Intriguingly, samples from Cartago clustered in a separate clade, phylogenetically related to Lineage 1. Epitope analysis conducted on the GP5 sequence of field isolates from Costa Rica revealed seven peptides with at least 80% amino acid sequence identity with previously described and experimentally validated immunogenic regions. Previously described epitopes A, B, and C, were detected in the Santa Barbara-Heredia isolate. Conclusions: Our data suggest that the virus has three distinct origins or introductions to the country. Future studies will elucidate how recently introduced vaccines will shape the evolutionary change of circulating field strains.Antecedentes: En todo el mundo, el Síndrome Reproductivo y Respiratorio Porcino (PRRS) se encuentra entre las enfermedades que causan el mayor impacto económico en la producción porcina moderna. El PRRS se detectó por primera vez en Costa Rica en 1996 y desde entonces ha desde entonces ha afectado gravemente a la industria porcina local. Los estudios de caracterización molecular de las cepas circulantes correlación con los registros clínicos, y las asociaciones con patógenos asociados al Complejo de la Enfermedad Respiratoria Porcina (PRDC). (PRDC) no se han realizado en Costa Rica. Resultados: La secuenciación y el análisis filogenético del ORF5 demostraron que el PRRSV-2 fue la única especie detectada en todas las localidades analizadas. Estas secuencias se agruparon en tres clusters. Al comparar las muestras de San José Alejuela y Puntarenas con los aislamientos históricos de los linajes descritos anteriormente (1 a 9), se demostró que que estaban estrechamente relacionados entre sí y pertenecían al linaje 5, junto con las muestras de Heredia. Curiosamente, las muestras de Cartago se agruparon en un clado separado, relacionado filogenéticamente con el linaje 1. Epítopo El análisis de epítopos realizado en la secuencia de GP5 de los aislados de campo de Costa Rica reveló siete péptidos con al menos un 80% de identidad de secuencia de aminoácidos con los descritos anteriormente. identidad de secuencia de aminoácidos con regiones inmunogénicas previamente descritas y validadas experimentalmente. Los epítopos A, B y C, descritos anteriormente, se detectaron en el aislado de Santa Bárbara-Heredia. Conclusiones: Nuestros datos sugieren que el virus tiene tres orígenes o introducciones distintas en el país. Futuros estudios de estudios futuros dilucidarán cómo las vacunas recientemente introducidas darán forma al cambio evolutivo de las cepas circulantes en el campo. de campo.Was a recipient of a from the Ministry of Science and Technology and Telecommunications (MICITT) of Costa Rica. This work was funded by PND018-15-2 from PINN POSGRADOS Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología y Telecomunicaciones (MICITT), a Doctoral scholarship for RM. Financial contribution to this study also came from 0174-10 CRIPAS, UNA Costa Rica and the Department of Population Health Sciences of Utrecht University. Boehringer Ingelheim provided the laboratory supplies and technical assistance of the study. This funding body did not play a role in the design, analysis, and reporting of the studyEscuela de Medicina Veterinari

Informe de práctica verificación de condiciones de habilitación de servicios del Hospital San Juan de Dios segundo nivel del municipio de Yarumal Antioquia

La calidad se ha fortalecido en el campo de la salud, logrando grandes beneficios tanto para los pacientes como para las instituciones de salud generando un alto impacto en la prestación de los servicios y en la creación de estrategias que garanticen un mejoramiento continuo de los procesos de las Instituciones. Por lo anteriormente descrito, la reglamentación Colombiana establece que los prestadores de servicios de salud tienen el compromiso y la responsabilidad de brindar al paciente, a su familia y a la población en general servicios de salud oportunos y de óptima calidad, para lo cual estas deben cumplir con las pautas fundamentales para lograr el funcionamiento de una institución de salud en donde se incluyan: un recurso humano competente, calificado y éticamente comprometido con la salud de los pacientes y con el servicio que se presta, con la infraestructura adecuada, tecnología que apoye el diagnóstico confiable del paciente y además permita brindar un tratamiento adecuado al paciente, entre otros criterios que favorezcan siempre a los pacientes en cuanto a un servicio eficiente, eficaz, seguro, oportuno y de Calidad.1. Introducción. -- 2. Justificación. -- 3. Antecedentes. -- 3.1 Antecedentes municipales. -- 3.2 Antecedentes institucionales. -- 3.3 Antecedentes Normativos. -- 4. Objetivos. -- 5. Producto. -- 5.1 Consulta externa general y especialidades. -- 5.2 Esterilización. -- 5.3 Rayos X. -- 5.4 Hospitalización Obstetricia. -- 5.5 Programa de seguridad del paciente. -- 6. Alcance. -- 7. Actividades y metodología. -- 8. Limitaciones y fortalezas. -- 9. Resultados. -- 10. Recomendaciones. -- 11. Conclusiones. -- 12. Bibliografía. -- 13. [email protected]@[email protected]@campusucc.edu.comonica.sanchezor@[email protected]@[email protected]@[email protected]@campusucc.edu.c

VII Premio Nacional de Educación para el Desarrollo “Vicente Ferrer” 2015 : buenas prácticas

La AECID junto con el Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte convoca anualmente los premios de educación para el desarrollo que están dirigidos a todos los centros docentes españoles sostenidos con fondos públicos que impartan educación infantil, educación primaria, educación secundaria obligatoria, bachillerato y formación profesional. Se recogen las buenas prácticas de los docentes premiados en esta edición. Docentes que en el ejercicio de su función educadora han convertido el proceso educativo en un proceso dinámico e interactivo que permite al alumnado desarrollar un conocimiento crítico de nuestro mundo. Profesores y profe-soras que han estimulado la participación del alumnado en la construcción de estructuras sociales más justas y solidarias, y han promovido actuaciones basadas en el principio de la corresponsabilidad de todos los actores implicados. El premio reconoce el esfuerzo realizado por centros educativos que establecen y creen en un modelo educativo que propone resaltar el papel de las personas y generar conciencias de carácter global que permitan al alumnado ser pieza clave de la ciudadanía del futuro, con un dinamismo que afronte las nuevas realidades desde una perspectiva más humana y responsable con el territorio en el que se ubican.ES

NEGATIVE - MIDS

Negative images in MIDS format

NEGATIVE - NPY Processed

Preprocessed negative images stored in numpy array format (npy