La marca empleadora en el compromiso de los colaboradores administrativos de la Universidad Nacional José María Arguedas, Apurímac 2022

En las últimas décadas, la marca empleadora ha cumplido un rol importante en las organizaciones para atraer, retener al talento humano idóneo acorde al puesto y los requerimientos de la entidad. El propósito del presente estudio fue examinar la influencia de la marca empleadora en el compromiso de los colaboradores administrativos de la UNAJMA, Apurímac. Se desarrolló usando un diseño transversal y nivel correlacional explicativo. La muestra consistió en 78 colaboradores de las diferentes áreas administrativas de la universidad. Los datos fueron recolectados utilizando un cuestionario online y se han procesado en el software estadístico SPSS (v.27), empleando la correlación de Pearson y regresión lineal múltiple. Los resultados mostraron que las dimensiones de la marca empleadora tienen una relación positiva considerable con el compromiso laboral. Asimismo, las tres dimensiones predicen el 78,4% del compromiso laboral. Adicionalmente, se encontró una influencia positiva de la experiencia sensorial (β=0.344), experiencia intelectual (β=0.404) y experiencia emocional (β=0.217) en el compromiso laboral. En conclusión, el compromiso de los colaboradores de la universidad está influenciado por la marca empleadora. Por lo tanto, es necesario aplicar estrategias que atraigan y retengan talento humano adiestrado que incremente el compromiso laboral

Efecto de la imagen universitaria en la satisfacción académica de los estudiantes universitarios

In recent decades, higher education universities have faced a series of difficulties in brand positioning, satisfaction and loyalty. Therefore, the positive image that a university offers to the market is considered a crucial factor for potential and current consumers to purchase its services and ensure its sustainability in the face of the growing demand for professional training institutions. In addition, the image that students perceive of an institution is fundamental for their loyalty and academic satisfaction. In this sense, the purpose of this study was to examine the incidence of university image on the academic satisfaction of university students. A quantitative approach was used to corroborate the hypothesis, with a convenience population of 166 undergraduate university students pursuing virtual studies. Participant information was collected by means of a self-administered survey and an online questionnaire. In addition, the data followed a normal distribution corroborated by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and the hypothesis was tested by applying simple linear regression of SPSS version 27 statistical software. The result of the linear regression presented a coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.611) that supports that university image has a positive impact on the academic satisfaction of university students. This means that the positive image of a university generates comfort and well-being in the academic experience that students have while pursuing higher education.Las universidades de educación superior se enfrentan en las últimas décadas a una serie de dificultades de posicionamiento de marca, satisfacción y fidelización. Por ello, la imagen positiva que una universidad ofrece al mercado se considera un factor crucial para que los consumidores, potenciales y actuales, adquieran sus servicios y aseguren su sostenibilidad ante la creciente demanda de instituciones de formación profesional. Además, la imagen que los estudiantes perciben de una institución es fundamental para su fidelización y satisfacción académica. En este sentido, el propósito de este estudio fue examinar la incidencia de la imagen universitaria en la satisfacción académica de los estudiantes universitarios. Se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo para corroborar la hipótesis, con una población de conveniencia de 166 estudiantes universitarios de pregrado que cursan estudios virtuales. La información de los participantes se recogió por medio de una encuesta autoadministrada y un cuestionario online. Además, los datos siguieron una distribución normal corroborada por la prueba Kolmogorov-Smirnov y se comprobó la hipótesis aplicando la regresión lineal simple del software estadístico SPSS versión 27. El resultado de la regresión lineal presentó un coeficiente de determinación (R2 = 0.611) que apoya que la imagen universitaria tiene un impacto positivo en la satisfacción académica de los estudiantes universitarios. Esto significa que la imagen positiva de una universidad genera comodidad y bienestar en la experiencia académica que tienen los estudiantes al cursar estudios superiores

Impacto del marketing relacional en la lealtad de los huéspedes de hoteles de corta estancia

This manuscript aims to examine the effect of relationship marketing on short-stay hotel guest loyalty. A quantitative, explanatory level and ex post facto design were was used. The study was executed in the city of Ayacucho and involved the participation of 225 tourists who had more than three experiences in the hotels. The information was collected by means of an online questionnaire and a self-administered survey. The data were processed in SPSS 27.0 statistician by applying bivariate correlations and multiple linear regression. The main result points out that relationship marketing positively impacts short-stay hotel guest loyalty with an estimate (R2=0.362). Likewise, the components of relationship marketing, trust (β=0.238; sig.<0.001), commitment (β=0.186; sig.<0.006), communication (β=0.180; sig.<0.006) and conflict management (β=0.199; sig.<0.002) also found a positive influence on guest loyalty.El presente manuscrito pretende examinar el efecto del marketing relacional en la lealtad de los huéspedes de hoteles de corta estancia. Se empleó un enfoque cuantitativo, de nivel explicativo y diseño ex post facto. El estudio se ejecutó en la ciudad de Ayacucho e involucró la participación de 225 turistas que tuvieron más de tres experiencias en los hoteles. La información se ha recopilado por medio de un cuestionario online y una encuesta de administración propia. Los datos se procesaron en el estadígrafo SPSS 27.0 aplicando las correlaciones bivariadas y la regresión lineal múltiple. El resultado principal señala que el marketing relacional impacta positivamente en la lealtad de los huéspedes de hoteles de corta estancia con una estimación (R2=0,362). Asimismo, los componentes del marketing relacional, confianza (β=0,238; sig.<0,001), compromiso (β=0,186; sig.<0,006), comunicación (β=0,180; sig.<0,006) y manejo de conflictos (β=0,199; sig.<0,002) también encontraron una influencia positiva en la lealtad de huéspedes

Geographic patterns of tree dispersal modes in Amazonia and their ecological correlates

Aim: To investigate the geographic patterns and ecological correlates in the geographic distribution of the most common tree dispersal modes in Amazonia (endozoochory, synzoochory, anemochory and hydrochory). We examined if the proportional abundance of these dispersal modes could be explained by the availability of dispersal agents (disperser-availability hypothesis) and/or the availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits (resource-availability hypothesis). Time period: Tree-inventory plots established between 1934 and 2019. Major taxa studied: Trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 9.55 cm. Location: Amazonia, here defined as the lowland rain forests of the Amazon River basin and the Guiana Shield. Methods: We assigned dispersal modes to a total of 5433 species and morphospecies within 1877 tree-inventory plots across terra-firme, seasonally flooded, and permanently flooded forests. We investigated geographic patterns in the proportional abundance of dispersal modes. We performed an abundance-weighted mean pairwise distance (MPD) test and fit generalized linear models (GLMs) to explain the geographic distribution of dispersal modes. Results: Anemochory was significantly, positively associated with mean annual wind speed, and hydrochory was significantly higher in flooded forests. Dispersal modes did not consistently show significant associations with the availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits. A lower dissimilarity in dispersal modes, resulting from a higher dominance of endozoochory, occurred in terra-firme forests (excluding podzols) compared to flooded forests. Main conclusions: The disperser-availability hypothesis was well supported for abiotic dispersal modes (anemochory and hydrochory). The availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits seems an unlikely explanation for the distribution of dispersal modes in Amazonia. The association between frugivores and the proportional abundance of zoochory requires further research, as tree recruitment not only depends on dispersal vectors but also on conditions that favour or limit seedling recruitment across forest types

Geography and ecology shape the phylogenetic composition of Amazonian tree communities

AimAmazonia hosts more tree species from numerous evolutionary lineages, both young and ancient, than any other biogeographic region. Previous studies have shown that tree lineages colonized multiple edaphic environments and dispersed widely across Amazonia, leading to a hypothesis, which we test, that lineages should not be strongly associated with either geographic regions or edaphic forest types.LocationAmazonia.TaxonAngiosperms (Magnoliids; Monocots; Eudicots).MethodsData for the abundance of 5082 tree species in 1989 plots were combined with a mega-phylogeny. We applied evolutionary ordination to assess how phylogenetic composition varies across Amazonia. We used variation partitioning and Moran's eigenvector maps (MEM) to test and quantify the separate and joint contributions of spatial and environmental variables to explain the phylogenetic composition of plots. We tested the indicator value of lineages for geographic regions and edaphic forest types and mapped associations onto the phylogeny.ResultsIn the terra firme and várzea forest types, the phylogenetic composition varies by geographic region, but the igapó and white-sand forest types retain a unique evolutionary signature regardless of region. Overall, we find that soil chemistry, climate and topography explain 24% of the variation in phylogenetic composition, with 79% of that variation being spatially structured (R2 = 19% overall for combined spatial/environmental effects). The phylogenetic composition also shows substantial spatial patterns not related to the environmental variables we quantified (R2 = 28%). A greater number of lineages were significant indicators of geographic regions than forest types.Main ConclusionNumerous tree lineages, including some ancient ones (>66 Ma), show strong associations with geographic regions and edaphic forest types of Amazonia. This shows that specialization in specific edaphic environments has played a long-standing role in the evolutionary assembly of Amazonian forests. Furthermore, many lineages, even those that have dispersed across Amazonia, dominate within a specific region, likely because of phylogenetically conserved niches for environmental conditions that are prevalent within regions

Geography and ecology shape the phylogenetic composition of Amazonian tree communities

Aim: Amazonia hosts more tree species from numerous evolutionary lineages, both young and ancient, than any other biogeographic region. Previous studies have shown that tree lineages colonized multiple edaphic environments and dispersed widely across Amazonia, leading to a hypothesis, which we test, that lineages should not be strongly associated with either geographic regions or edaphic forest types. Location: Amazonia. Taxon: Angiosperms (Magnoliids; Monocots; Eudicots). Methods: Data for the abundance of 5082 tree species in 1989 plots were combined with a mega-phylogeny. We applied evolutionary ordination to assess how phylogenetic composition varies across Amazonia. We used variation partitioning and Moran\u27s eigenvector maps (MEM) to test and quantify the separate and joint contributions of spatial and environmental variables to explain the phylogenetic composition of plots. We tested the indicator value of lineages for geographic regions and edaphic forest types and mapped associations onto the phylogeny. Results: In the terra firme and várzea forest types, the phylogenetic composition varies by geographic region, but the igapó and white-sand forest types retain a unique evolutionary signature regardless of region. Overall, we find that soil chemistry, climate and topography explain 24% of the variation in phylogenetic composition, with 79% of that variation being spatially structured (R$^{2}$ = 19% overall for combined spatial/environmental effects). The phylogenetic composition also shows substantial spatial patterns not related to the environmental variables we quantified (R$^{2}$ = 28%). A greater number of lineages were significant indicators of geographic regions than forest types. Main Conclusion: Numerous tree lineages, including some ancient ones (>66 Ma), show strong associations with geographic regions and edaphic forest types of Amazonia. This shows that specialization in specific edaphic environments has played a long-standing role in the evolutionary assembly of Amazonian forests. Furthermore, many lineages, even those that have dispersed across Amazonia, dominate within a specific region, likely because of phylogenetically conserved niches for environmental conditions that are prevalent within regions

Mapping density, diversity and species-richness of the Amazon tree flora

Using 2.046 botanically-inventoried tree plots across the largest tropical forest on Earth, we mapped tree species-diversity and tree species-richness at 0.1-degree resolution, and investigated drivers for diversity and richness. Using only location, stratified by forest type, as predictor, our spatial model, to the best of our knowledge, provides the most accurate map of tree diversity in Amazonia to date, explaining approximately 70% of the tree diversity and species-richness. Large soil-forest combinations determine a significant percentage of the variation in tree species-richness and tree alpha-diversity in Amazonian forest-plots. We suggest that the size and fragmentation of these systems drive their large-scale diversity patterns and hence local diversity. A model not using location but cumulative water deficit, tree density, and temperature seasonality explains 47% of the tree species-richness in the terra-firme forest in Amazonia. Over large areas across Amazonia, residuals of this relationship are small and poorly spatially structured, suggesting that much of the residual variation may be local. The Guyana Shield area has consistently negative residuals, showing that this area has lower tree species-richness than expected by our models. We provide extensive plot meta-data, including tree density, tree alpha-diversity and tree species-richness results and gridded maps at 0.1-degree resolution

Unraveling Amazon tree community assembly using Maximum Information Entropy: a quantitative analysis of tropical forest ecology

In a time of rapid global change, the question of what determines patterns in species abundance distribution remains a priority for understanding the complex dynamics of ecosystems. The constrained maximization of information entropy provides a framework for the understanding of such complex systems dynamics by a quantitative analysis of important constraints via predictions using least biased probability distributions. We apply it to over two thousand hectares of Amazonian tree inventories across seven forest types and thirteen functional traits, representing major global axes of plant strategies. Results show that constraints formed by regional relative abundances of genera explain eight times more of local relative abundances than constraints based on directional selection for specific functional traits, although the latter does show clear signals of environmental dependency. These results provide a quantitative insight by inference from large-scale data using cross-disciplinary methods, furthering our understanding of ecological dynamics

Mapping density, diversity and species-richness of the Amazon tree flora

Using 2.046 botanically-inventoried tree plots across the largest tropical forest on Earth, we mapped tree species-diversity and tree species-richness at 0.1-degree resolution, and investigated drivers for diversity and richness. Using only location, stratified by forest type, as predictor, our spatial model, to the best of our knowledge, provides the most accurate map of tree diversity in Amazonia to date, explaining approximately 70% of the tree diversity and species-richness. Large soil-forest combinations determine a significant percentage of the variation in tree species-richness and tree alpha-diversity in Amazonian forest-plots. We suggest that the size and fragmentation of these systems drive their large-scale diversity patterns and hence local diversity. A model not using location but cumulative water deficit, tree density, and temperature seasonality explains 47% of the tree species-richness in the terra-firme forest in Amazonia. Over large areas across Amazonia, residuals of this relationship are small and poorly spatially structured, suggesting that much of the residual variation may be local. The Guyana Shield area has consistently negative residuals, showing that this area has lower tree species-richness than expected by our models. We provide extensive plot meta-data, including tree density, tree alpha-diversity and tree species-richness results and gridded maps at 0.1-degree resolution

Geography and ecology shape the phylogenetic composition of Amazonian tree communities

Aim: Amazonia hosts more tree species from numerous evolutionary lineages, both young and ancient, than any other biogeographic region. Previous studies have shown that tree lineages colonized multiple edaphic environments and dispersed widely across Amazonia, leading to a hypothesis, which we test, that lineages should not be strongly associated with either geographic regions or edaphic forest types. Location: Amazonia. Taxon: Angiosperms (Magnoliids; Monocots; Eudicots). Methods: Data for the abundance of 5082 tree species in 1989 plots were combined with a mega‐phylogeny. We applied evolutionary ordination to assess how phylogenetic composition varies across Amazonia. We used variation partitioning and Moran's eigenvector maps (MEM) to test and quantify the separate and joint contributions of spatial and environmental variables to explain the phylogenetic composition of plots. We tested the indicator value of lineages for geographic regions and edaphic forest types and mapped associations onto the phylogeny. Results: In the terra firme and várzea forest types, the phylogenetic composition varies by geographic region, but the igapó and white‐sand forest types retain a unique evolutionary signature regardless of region. Overall, we find that soil chemistry, climate and topography explain 24% of the variation in phylogenetic composition, with 79% of that variation being spatially structured (R2 = 19% overall for combined spatial/environmental effects). The phylogenetic composition also shows substantial spatial patterns not related to the environmental variables we quantified (R2 = 28%). A greater number of lineages were significant indicators of geographic regions than forest types. Main Conclusion: Numerous tree lineages, including some ancient ones (>66 Ma), show strong associations with geographic regions and edaphic forest types of Amazonia. This shows that specialization in specific edaphic environments has played a long‐standing role in the evolutionary assembly of Amazonian forests. Furthermore, many lineages, even those that have dispersed across Amazonia, dominate within a specific region, likely because of phylogenetically conserved niches for environmental conditions that are prevalent within regions