72 research outputs found
Hydrologic Response Of Meadow Restoration Following The Removal Of Encroached Conifers
Meadows are important within forest ecosystems because they provide diverse species habitats, facilitate water cycling, help with sediment capture, aid in carbon sequestration, and create natural fire breaks in forested regions. However, fire suppression, poor grazing practices, and climate change have accelerated the encroachment of conifers into historical meadow habitat. This has led to an extensive loss of meadow habitat within the Sierra Nevada and Cascade Mountain Ranges. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to quantify changes in percent soil moisture and groundwater levels following the removal of encroached lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) in a historic meadow habitat near Lake Almanor, California.
A before-after control-intervention (BACI) study design was used, with Marian Meadow (MM) as the control and Rock Creek Meadow (RCM) as the restored meadow. Soil moisture and groundwater level data was collected one year before (water year 2019), and three years after (water years 2020-2023) the removal of lodgepole pine from RCM in the fall of 2020. This data was then analyzed using multiple linear regression and estimated marginal means (EMMs) models.
Percent soil moisture increased each year after restoration, with significant increases from pre-restoration values occurring in year 2 and year 3 post-restoration. The overall mean soil moisture content increased from 30.69% (pre-restoration) to 40.42% by the 3rd year post-restoration. Groundwater has had a much more mixed response to restoration, with the 1st year post-restoration seeing a significant decrease in groundwater availability. Years 2 and 3 showed gradual recovery of groundwater levels, although on average they were still less than pre-restoration groundwater levels. This can likely be attributed to moderate drought occurring in the 2020 and 2021 water years.
Sources of variability include the 2021 Dixie Fire which burned through both meadows at different severity levels, gaps in the data due to issues with the data loggers, differences in snowmelt timing, and differences in soil attributes. Collectively, however, all these factors converge toward a wetter meadow habitat. Hopefully, the results of this research will help promote a better understanding of how meadow restoration can improve California forestland management
It\u27s Getting Hot in Here: A Rare Case of Heat Stroke in a Young Male.
Heat stroke is a severe acute illness characterized by a core temperature greater than 40°C (104°F) and central nervous system manifestations, such as delirium, convulsions, or coma, resulting from exposure to environmental heat or strenuous physical activity. Early recognition and treatment including aggressive cooling and management of life-threatening systemic complications, such as cardiac arrest, rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure, are essential to reduce morbidity and mortality. Herein we describe a case of heat stroke in a 23-year-old male who suffered cardiac arrest in which prompt initiation of cooling measures prevented permanent neurological sequelae, provided swift neurological recovery and resolution of impending multi-organ dysfunction syndrome
Incorporation of Rosmarinus officinalis extract in a water-based epoxy paint for the protection of SAE 1010 steel
Los aceros al carbón son susceptibles a la corrosión. Como resultado de la reacción del metal con el oxígeno atmosférico se forman continuamente óxidos no protectores de baja adherencia. Un inhibidor de la corrosión es una sustancia que se agrega en pequeñas concentraciones a una solución corrosiva para reducir la velocidad de corrosión; este efecto se atribuye a la adsorción de partículas inhibidoras sobre la superficie del metal y a la posterior formación de una película protectora. Debido a la tendencia mundial a reemplazar los inhibidores tradicionales por otros amigables con el medioambiente, los extractos vegetales han sido estudiados y clasificados como OGCIs (Organic Green Corrosion Inhibitors), junto con aceites vegetales, biopolímeros, aminoácidos, etc. Los componentes mayoritarios de los extractos vegetales contienen heteroátomos (N, O, S, P o Se) y/o sistemas π conjugados en su estructura, lo que les proporciona una elevada afinidad por las superficies metálicas.
Estudios anteriores demostraron que el extracto acuoso de romero (Rosmarinus officinalis) inhibe la corrosión del acero SAE 1010, con una eficiencia inhibidora superior al 80% en un medio NaCl 0,1 M. Teniendo en cuenta que la protección de superficies metálicas mediante la aplicación de pinturas es uno de los métodos más utilizados a nivel mundial para controlar la corrosión, en este trabajo se presenta el estudio de la incorporación de este extracto a una pintura epoxi de base acuosa, y la evaluación de su desempeño en las cámaras de humedad y niebla salina.Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale
Extracto acuoso de romero como inhibidor de la corrosión del acero SAE 1010 en NaCl 0,1 M
El tetroxicromato de zinc y el minio, pigmentos anticorrosivos tradicionalmente utilizados en pinturas, han sido ampliamente cuestionados por su toxicidad e impacto ambiental. En su reemplazo se han desarrollado tres generaciones de fosfatos, pero su excesivo uso va acompañado de la eutrofización en depósitos de agua dulce. Es por eso que surge la necesidad de utilizar como anticorrosivos compuestos o mezclas de compuestos de origen natural, entre los que se encuentran los extractos vegetales acuosos.Fil: Byrne, Christian Eduardo. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Tecnología de Pinturas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones en Tecnología de Pinturas; ArgentinaFil: Ramirez, Martin Gabriel. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional; ArgentinaFil: Di Santo, E.. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional; ArgentinaFil: Cristiano, Nicol. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional; ArgentinaFil: D'alessandro, Oriana. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Tecnología de Pinturas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones en Tecnología de Pinturas; ArgentinaJornadas sobre Tecnología de Recubrimientos "Dr. Roberto Romagnoli"La PlataArgentinaCentro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología de PinturasUniversidad Nacional de La Plat
Study of the anticorrosive properties on SAE 1010 steel of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), laurel (Laurus nobilis) and false incense (Plectranthus coleoides)
Las hojas de las plantas perennes Rosmarinus officinalis, Laurus nobilis y Plectranthus coleoides presentan una gran cantidad de compuestos químicos que contienen heteroátomos en su estructura. Diversos estudios han reportado que este tipo de heterocompuestos presentan una gran afinidad química por las superficies metálicas. En este trabajo se presenta la obtención, caracterización y estudio del desempeño anticorrosivo sobre acero SAE 1010 de los extractos acuosos de las hojas de las plantas perennes antes mencionadas. Las especies vegetales fueron cultivadas y cosechadas en la zona del Gran La Plata, Provincia de Buenos Aires, República Argentina. La preparación de los extractos acuosos se realizó mediante la técnica de maceración.El residuo sólido de los extractos acuosos se caracterizó mediante espectroscopia infrarroja con transformada de Fourier (FTIR). La evaluación electroquímica se llevó a cabo mediante la exposición de muestras de acero SAE 1010 durante 24 h a un medio corrosivo en presencia de cada uno de los extractos, y el posterior análisis de las superficies obtenidas a través de microscopía electrónica de barrido (SEM) y espectroscopia de dispersión de rayos X (EDX). Los resultados fueron comparados con los obtenidos utilizando hidrato de polifosfato de zinc y aluminio (ZAPP), un pigmento anticorrosivo comercial. Los resultados obtenidos permiten concluir que los extractos de las tres especies vegetales inhiben la corrosión del acero SAE 1010 de manera comparable a la efectuada por ZAPP, siendo el extracto de Plectranthus coleoides el que presenta la mejor acción anticorrosiva.The leaves of perennials plants Rosmarinus officinalis, Laurus nobilis and Plectranthus coleoides have a large number of chemical compounds that contain heteroatoms in their structure. This type of heterocompounds has been reported to have chemical affinity for metal surfaces. This work presents the obtaining, characterization and study of the anticorrosive performance on SAE 1010 steel of the aqueous extracts of the aforementioned perennials plants. The plant species were cultivated and harvested in the Greater La Plata area, Province of Buenos Aires, Argentine Republic. The preparation of the aqueous extracts was carried out using the maceration technique. The solid residue of the aqueous extracts was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Electrochemical evaluation was accomplished by linear polarization tests. The anticorrosive performance was determined by exposing SAE 1010 steel samples for 24 h to a corrosive medium in the presence of each of the extracts, and the subsequent analysis of the surfaces obtained through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray scattering spectroscopy (EDX). The results were compared with those obtained using zinc aluminum polyphosphate hydrate (ZAPP), a commercial anticorrosive pigment. The results obtained allow us to conclude that the extracts of the three plants inhibit the corrosion of SAE 1010 steel in a manner comparable to that carried out by ZAPP, with the extract of Plectranthus coleoides being the one that presents the best anticorrosive action.Fil: Byrne, Christian Eduardo. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Tecnología de Pinturas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones en Tecnología de Pinturas; ArgentinaFil: Martin Ramirez, Mariano Esteban. Universidad Tecnologica Nacional. Facultad Regional La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Di Santo, Ezequiel. Universidad Tecnologica Nacional. Facultad Regional La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Cristiano, Nicol. Universidad Tecnologica Nacional. Facultad Regional La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Deya, Marta Cecilia. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Tecnología de Pinturas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones en Tecnología de Pinturas; ArgentinaFil: D'alessandro, Oriana. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Tecnología de Pinturas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones en Tecnología de Pinturas; Argentin
Primary care-based intervention to reduce at-risk drinking in older adults: a randomized controlled trial
To examine whether a multi-faceted intervention among older at-risk drinking primary care patients reduced at-risk drinking and alcohol consumption at 3 and 12 months.Randomized controlled trial.Three primary care sites in southern California.Six hundred and thirty-one adults aged ≥ 55 years who were at-risk drinkers identified by the Comorbidity Alcohol Risk Evaluation Tool (CARET) were assigned randomly between October 2004 and April 2007 during an office visit to receive a booklet on healthy behaviors or an intervention including a personalized report, booklet on alcohol and aging, drinking diary, advice from the primary care provider and telephone counseling from a health educator at 2, 4 and 8 weeks.The primary outcome was the proportion of participants meeting at-risk criteria, and secondary outcomes were number of drinks in past 7 days, heavy drinking (four or more drinks in a day) in the past 7 days and risk score.At 3 months, relative to controls, fewer intervention group participants were at-risk drinkers [odds ratio (OR) 0.41; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.22–0.75]; they reported drinking fewer drinks in the past 7 days [rate ratio (RR) 0.79; 95% CI 0.70–0.90], less heavy drinking (OR 0.46; 95% CI 0.22–0.99) and had lower risk scores (RR 0.77 95% CI 0.63–0.94). At 12 months, only the difference in number of drinks remained statistically significant (RR 0.87; 95% CI 0.76–0.99).A multi-faceted intervention among older at-risk drinkers in primary care does not reduce the proportions of at-risk or heavy drinkers, but does reduce amount of drinking at 12 months.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/79363/1/j.1360-0443.2010.03229.x.pd
Aplicación del e-Business en las organizaciones inteligentes
Currently, the Industry 4.0 revolution causes organizations to face not only new opportunities, but also challenges related to identifying their role in creating a modern intelligent world. For this reason, it is intended to analyze the components of the systems that show capacity in the detection and resolution of problems in an effective way together with the type of business adapted to the technological development known as e-business, related to the use of Information Technologies and Communication (ICT). For this, method used was the bibliographic search, which was composed mainly of articles published in journals of quartile 1 and 2 of the last five years. On the other hand, the data found from the variables chosen for the research were analyzed, explaining that the effectiveness of e-business within intelligent organizations is due to team learning and good leadership, as well as its model of business and the implementation of digital marketing. However, the complexity of its insertion is discussed, since it must be accompanied by good staff training and constant modernization to be able to transmit information safely in internal administrative processes. Despite this, it is possible to guarantee that e-business is a fundamental part of intelligent organizations, as it positively influences most of their operations and provides high rates of return.En la actualidad, la revolución de la Industria 4.0 ocasiona que las organizaciones no solo se enfrenten a nuevas oportunidades, sino también a desafíos relacionados con la identificación de su función en la creación de un mundo inteligente moderno. Por ello, se pretende analizar los componentes de los sistemas que demuestran capacidad en la detección y resolución de problemáticas de forma eficaz junto con el tipo de negocio adaptado al desarrollo tecnológico conocido como e-business, relacionado con el uso de las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TIC). Para ello, se empleó el método de búsqueda bibliográfica, el cual se compuso mayoritariamente por artículos publicados de revistas de cuartil 1 y 2 de los últimos cinco años. Por otro lado, se analizaron los datos hallados de las variables escogidas para la investigación, dando a explicar que la eficacia del e-business dentro de las organizaciones inteligentes es debido a un aprendizaje en equipo y un buen liderazgo, así como por su modelo de negocios y la implementación del marketing digital. Sin embargo, se discute sobre la complejidad de su inserción, puesto que esta debe estar acompañada de una buena capacitación al personal y constante modernización para poder transmitir información de forma segura en los procesos internos administrativos. Pese a ello, es posible garantizar que el e-business es una parte fundamental de las organizaciones inteligentes, pues influye positivamente en la mayor parte de sus operaciones y le brinda altas tasas de rentabilidad
Nation-Building Through Compulsory Schooling During the Age of Mass Migration
By the mid-19th century, America was the most educated nation on Earth: significant financial investments in education were being undertaken and the majority of children voluntarily attended public schools. So why did states across America start introducing compulsory schooling laws at this time in history? We provide qualitative and quantitative evidence that states adopted compulsory schooling laws as a nation-building tool to instill civic values to the tens of millions of culturally diverse migrants who arrived during the ‘Age of Mass Migration’ between 1850 and 1914. We show the adoption of state level compulsory schooling laws occurred significantly earlier in states that hosted a subgroup of European migrants with lower exposure to civic values in their home countries. We then use cross-county data to show the same subgroup of European migrants had significantly lower demand for American common schooling pre-compulsion, and so would have been less exposed to the kinds of civic value or discipline instilled by the American education system had compulsory schooling not been passed. By studying the link between mass migration and the endogenous policy responses of American-born voters in receiving states, our analysis provides new micro-foundations for compulsory schooling laws, the legislative bedrock on which all future developments of the American schooling system were built
Why Are Outcomes Different for Registry Patients Enrolled Prospectively and Retrospectively? Insights from the Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF).
Background: Retrospective and prospective observational studies are designed to reflect real-world evidence on clinical practice, but can yield conflicting results. The GARFIELD-AF Registry includes both methods of enrolment and allows analysis of differences in patient characteristics and outcomes that may result. Methods and Results: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and ≥1 risk factor for stroke at diagnosis of AF were recruited either retrospectively (n = 5069) or prospectively (n = 5501) from 19 countries and then followed prospectively. The retrospectively enrolled cohort comprised patients with established AF (for a least 6, and up to 24 months before enrolment), who were identified retrospectively (and baseline and partial follow-up data were collected from the emedical records) and then followed prospectively between 0-18 months (such that the total time of follow-up was 24 months; data collection Dec-2009 and Oct-2010). In the prospectively enrolled cohort, patients with newly diagnosed AF (≤6 weeks after diagnosis) were recruited between Mar-2010 and Oct-2011 and were followed for 24 months after enrolment. Differences between the cohorts were observed in clinical characteristics, including type of AF, stroke prevention strategies, and event rates. More patients in the retrospectively identified cohort received vitamin K antagonists (62.1% vs. 53.2%) and fewer received non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (1.8% vs . 4.2%). All-cause mortality rates per 100 person-years during the prospective follow-up (starting the first study visit up to 1 year) were significantly lower in the retrospective than prospectively identified cohort (3.04 [95% CI 2.51 to 3.67] vs . 4.05 [95% CI 3.53 to 4.63]; p = 0.016). Conclusions: Interpretations of data from registries that aim to evaluate the characteristics and outcomes of patients with AF must take account of differences in registry design and the impact of recall bias and survivorship bias that is incurred with retrospective enrolment. Clinical Trial Registration: - URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier for GARFIELD-AF (NCT01090362)
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