Gluten y sensibilidad al gluten no celiaca

II Congreso de Alimentación, Nutrición y Dietética. Avances en Nutrición y Dietética Clínica: Prevención, Tratamiento y Gestión - Rol del Dietista-Nutricionist

Cultural communication and theatre’s audience

Durante los últimos años, el público ha pasado a estar en el centro de la estrategia de las entidades culturales. Cada vez es más necesario conocer sus hábitos, deseos y necesidades para ofrecer productos que resulten interesantes y puedan incentivar la demanda. Aunque las variables analizadas para conocer las audiencias teatrales han sido numerosas, el papel de la comunicación cultural apenas ha sido estudiado. En este artículo se analiza la importancia de la comunicación cultural y su relación con la asistencia al teatro en tres salas teatrales de la ciudad de Valencia con programación teatral diferenciada. Para ello se entrevistó a 210 espectadores teatrales. Los resultados obtenidos han puesto de manifiesto que la búsqueda de información previa está directamente relacionada con la asistencia al teatro: los espectadores que asisten con más frecuencia al teatro y el público de salas independientes leen reseñas o críticas teatrales y consultan información relacionada con las artes escénicas de manera más frecuente. Sin embargo, los que asisten al teatro en menor medida y aquellos que acuden a salas de programación comercial son los que se muestran más receptivos a elementos de influencia exterior como los mensajes e imágenes ofrecidas por los medios de comunicación y las recomendaciones y prescripciones de amigos y conocidos.For the last several years, audience has become the centre of the cultural entities’ strategy. It is increasingly necessary to know their habits, wants and needs to offer interesting products for consumption and to stimulating the demand. Although a number of variables have been analysed to know the theatre audiences, the role of cultural communication has hardly been studied. This article discusses the importance of cultural communication and its relationship with the theatre attendance in three theatres at the city of Valencia with differentiated theatre programing. To hat 210 theatre spectators were interviewed. The results have shown that the search of prior information is directly related with the frequency of attendance to the theatre: audiences who attend more often to the theatre and those who go mainly to independent theatres consult information related to the performing arts more often. However, audiences attending to a lesser extent and those who usually assist to commercial theatres are those who are more receptive to external influence elements as messages posted on the media and the recommendations and prescriptions of friends and acquaintances

Una tipología de espectadores teatrales en función de la influencia de diversos prescriptores y el uso de canales de información

Este estudio presenta una tipología de espectadores teatrales que contempla la influencia de los medios de comunicación y otras instancias de prescripción en sus decisiones de asistencia al teatro, un aspecto no abordado por ninguna investigación previa. La investigación se basa en una encuesta a 210 asistentes a representaciones teatrales de tres salas de la ciudad de Valencia. La aplicación de diversas técnicas estadísticas multivariables ha permitido identificar una tipología de cuatro perfiles de consumidores escénicos: los informados-alternativos, los documentados-receptivos, los distantes-independientes y los convencionales-comerciales. Esta tipología pone de manifiesto que los consumidores escénicos difieren en la influencia que sobre ellos tiene la presión mediática, el contenido temático de la representación o el prestigio y la notoriedad de la dirección y el reparto de la obra, así como en la intensidad con la que buscan información y consultan noticias y reseñas en los medios de comunicación

Journey in teaching, as a teaching initiative in Architecture

In this paper, thanks to the experience of travel in the context of the Master of Conservation, is to analyze the figure of the student, as a traveler and not as a tourist, so this active travel is involved and how they may impact on improving his training as an architect. This remote mere spectator role also favors making efforts to know, identify, reflect, drawing, photograph or analyze what has been visited from a personal point of view and no doubt much more critical and free.En el presente trabajo, gracias a la experiencia del viaje en el contexto del Máster de Conservación, se propone analizar la figura del estudiante, en tanto que viajero y no turista, de modo que este participa activamente del viaje y cómo puede repercutir en la mejora de su formación como arquitecto. Este papel alejado del mero espectador, favorece también la realización de actividades encaminadas a conocer, identificar, reflexionar, dibujar, fotografiar o analizar aquello que se ha visitado desde un punto de vista personal y sin lugar a duda mucho más crítico y libre

Les organismes financiers d'économie sociale devant la crise financière: une analyse des boîtes rurales espagnoles

Nº 100 - Extraordinario 2010 MONOGRÁFICO: La respuesta de la Economía Social ante una crisis globalLas cajas rurales, en su condición de entidades de crédito, al igual que los bancos y las cajas de ahorros, están experimentando las consecuencias derivadas de la actual crisis financiera internacional. Sin embargo, lejos de suponer un lastre para estas entidades, la actual situación ha de ser aprovechada como una oportunidad, lo que significa redefinir su modelo de negocio apostando por una mayor eficiencia. El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar cuáles son los efectos que la crisis financiera está provocando en las cajas rurales españolas, partiendo de las características propias de las cajas rurales y teniendo en cuenta los trabajos más recientes publicados sobre la crisis financiera actual. El entorno de crisis financiera global requiere una caracterización comparativa del sector con la banca y las cajas de ahorros mediante el análisis de las tasas de morosidad, de cobertura de insolvencias y los ratings otorgados.The small farm loan banks, as their credit organizations, like the banks and the savings banks, are undergoing the derived consequences of the present international financial crisis. Nevertheless, far from supposing a ballast for these organizations, the present situation has to be taken advantage of like an opportunity, which means to redefine its model of business betting by a greater efficiency. The objective of the present work is to analyze which are the effects that the financial crisis is causing in the Spanish small farm loan banks, starting off of the own characteristics of the small farm loan banks and considering the published most recent works on the present financial crisis. The surroundings of global financial crisis require a comparative characterization of the sector with the bank and the savings banks by means of the analysis of the rates of dilatoriness, cover of insolvencies and the granted ratings.Les boîtes rurales, dans sa condition d'organismes de crédit, aussi comme les banques et les caisses d'épargne, ils expérimentent les conséquences dérivées de l'actuelle crise financière internationale. Cependant, loin de supposer un lest pour ces organismes, l'actuelle situation doit être profiteuse comme une occasion ce que son modèle d'affaire signifie redéfinir en pariant par une plus grande efficacité. L'objectif du travail présent est d'analyser quels sont les effets que la crise financière provoque dans les boîtes rurales espagnoles, part des propres caractéristiques des boîtes rurales et il tient en compte les travaux les plus récents publiés la crise financière actuelle. L'environnement de crise financière globale requiert une caractérisation comparative du secteur avec la banque et les caisses d'épargne grâce à l'analyse des taxes de retard, de couverture d'insolvabilité et aux ratings octroyés.Escuela de Estudios CooperativosFac. de Ciencias Económicas y EmpresarialesTRUEpu

Antibacterial Activity of Linezolid against Gram-Negative Bacteria: Utilization of E-Poly-l-Lysine Capped Silica Xerogel as an Activating Carrier

[EN] In recent times, many approaches have been developed against drug resistant Gram-negative bacteria. However, low-cost high effective materials which could broaden the spectrum of antibiotics are still needed. In this study, enhancement of linezolid spectrum, normally active against Gram-positive bacteria, was aimed for Gram-negative bacteria growth inhibition. For this purpose, a silica xerogel prepared from a low-cost precursor is used as a drug carrier owing to the advantages of its mesoporous structure, suitable pore and particle size and ultralow density. The silica xerogel is loaded with linezolid and capped with epsilon-poly-l-lysine. The developed nano-formulation shows a marked antibacterial activity against to Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. In comparison to free linezolid and epsilon-poly-l-lysine, the material demonstrates a synergistic effect on killing for the three tested bacteria. The results show that silica xerogels can be used as a potential drug carrier and activity enhancer. This strategy could provide the improvement of antibacterial activity spectrum of antibacterial agents like linezolid and could represent a powerful alternative to overcome antibiotic resistance in a near future.We thank the Spanish Government (projects RTI2018-100910-B-C41, RTI2018-101599-B-C22-AR and SAF2017-82251-R (MCUI/AEI/FEDER, UE)) and the Generalitat Valenciana (project PROMETEO/2018/024) for support. G.G.K. would like to thank Academic Staff Training Program (2016-OYP-071) and TUBITAK for 2214-A International Research Fellowship Program for PhD Students. S.M. thanks Generalitat Valenciana for her Santiago Grisolia fellowship. V.C.-N. thanks Spanish Ministerio de Educacion for his FPU grant (FPU15/02753).Guzel Kaya, G.; Medaglia, S.; Candela-Noguera, V.; Tormo-Mas, MÁ.; Marcos Martínez, MD.; Aznar, E.; Deveci, H.... (2020). Antibacterial Activity of Linezolid against Gram-Negative Bacteria: Utilization of E-Poly-l-Lysine Capped Silica Xerogel as an Activating Carrier. Pharmaceutics. 12(11):1-14. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12111126S1141211Hammad, A., Abutaleb, N. S., Elsebaei, M. M., Norvil, A. B., Alswah, M., Ali, A. O., … Mayhoub, A. S. (2019). From Phenylthiazoles to Phenylpyrazoles: Broadening the Antibacterial Spectrum toward Carbapenem-Resistant Bacteria. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 62(17), 7998-8010. doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00720Yarlagadda, V., Manjunath, G. B., Sarkar, P., Akkapeddi, P., Paramanandham, K., Shome, B. R., … Haldar, J. (2015). Glycopeptide Antibiotic To Overcome the Intrinsic Resistance of Gram-Negative Bacteria. ACS Infectious Diseases, 2(2), 132-139. doi:10.1021/acsinfecdis.5b00114Serri, A., Mahboubi, A., Zarghi, A., & Moghimi, H. R. (2018). PAMAM-dendrimer Enhanced Antibacterial Effect of Vancomycin Hydrochloride Against Gram-Negative Bacteria. 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Small, 10(23), 4859-4864. doi:10.1002/smll.201401227Wang, Y., Zhao, Q., Han, N., Bai, L., Li, J., Liu, J., … Wang, S. (2015). Mesoporous silica nanoparticles in drug delivery and biomedical applications. Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine, 11(2), 313-327. doi:10.1016/j.nano.2014.09.014Llopis-Lorente, A., Díez, P., Sánchez, A., Marcos, M. D., Sancenón, F., Martínez-Ruiz, P., … Martínez-Máñez, R. (2017). Interactive models of communication at the nanoscale using nanoparticles that talk to one another. Nature Communications, 8(1). doi:10.1038/ncomms15511Giménez, C., Climent, E., Aznar, E., Martínez-Máñez, R., Sancenón, F., Marcos, M. D., … Rurack, K. (2014). Towards Chemical Communication between Gated Nanoparticles. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, n/a-n/a. doi:10.1002/anie.201405580Luis, B., Llopis‐Lorente, A., Rincón, P., Gadea, J., Sancenón, F., Aznar, E., … Martínez‐Máñez, R. (2019). An Interactive Model of Communication between Abiotic Nanodevices and Microorganisms. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 58(42), 14986-14990. doi:10.1002/anie.201908867Hasanzadeh, M., Shadjou, N., de la Guardia, M., Eskandani, M., & Sheikhzadeh, P. (2012). Mesoporous silica-based materials for use in biosensors. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 33, 117-129. doi:10.1016/j.trac.2011.10.011El-Safty, S. A., & Shenashen, M. A. (2020). Nanoscale dynamic chemical, biological sensor material designs for control monitoring and early detection of advanced diseases. Materials Today Bio, 5, 100044. doi:10.1016/j.mtbio.2020.100044Pla, L., Santiago-Felipe, S., Tormo-Mas, M. Á., Pemán, J., Sancenón, F., Aznar, E., & Martínez-Máñez, R. (2020). Aptamer-Capped nanoporous anodic alumina for Staphylococcus aureus detection. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 320, 128281. doi:10.1016/j.snb.2020.128281Ciriminna, R., Fidalgo, A., Pandarus, V., Béland, F., Ilharco, L. M., & Pagliaro, M. (2013). The Sol–Gel Route to Advanced Silica-Based Materials and Recent Applications. Chemical Reviews, 113(8), 6592-6620. doi:10.1021/cr300399cUlker, Z., & Erkey, C. (2014). An emerging platform for drug delivery: Aerogel based systems. Journal of Controlled Release, 177, 51-63. doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.12.033Guzel Kaya, G., Yilmaz, E., & Deveci, H. (2018). Sustainable nanocomposites of epoxy and silica xerogel synthesized from corn stalk ash: Enhanced thermal and acoustic insulation performance. Composites Part B: Engineering, 150, 1-6. doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.05.039Maleki, H., Durães, L., García-González, C. A., del Gaudio, P., Portugal, A., & Mahmoudi, M. (2016). Synthesis and biomedical applications of aerogels: Possibilities and challenges. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 236, 1-27. doi:10.1016/j.cis.2016.05.011Quintanar-Guerrero, D., Ganem-Quintanar, A., Nava-Arzaluz, M. G., & Piñón-Segundo, E. (2009). Silica xerogels as pharmaceutical drug carriers. Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery, 6(5), 485-498. doi:10.1517/17425240902902307Pérez, N. A., Lima, E., Bosch, P., & Méndez-Vivar, J. (2014). Consolidating materials for the volcanic tuff in western Mexico. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 15(4), 352-358. doi:10.1016/j.culher.2013.07.010Lemougna, P. N., Wang, K., Tang, Q., Nzeukou, A. N., Billong, N., Melo, U. C., & Cui, X. (2018). Review on the use of volcanic ashes for engineering applications. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 137, 177-190. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.05.031Marañón, E., Ulmanu, M., Fernández, Y., Anger, I., & Castrillón, L. (2006). Removal of ammonium from aqueous solutions with volcanic tuff. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 137(3), 1402-1409. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.03.069Brum, L. F. W., Santos, C. dos, Gnoatto, J. A., Moura, D. J., Santos, J. H. Z., & Brandelli, A. (2019). Silica xerogels as novel streptomycin delivery platforms. Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 53, 101210. doi:10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101210Deon, M., Morawski, F. M., Passaia, C., Dalmás, M., Laranja, D. C., Malheiros, P. S., … Benvenutti, E. V. (2018). Chitosan-stabilized gold nanoparticles supported on silica/titania magnetic xerogel applied as antibacterial system. Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 89(1), 333-342. doi:10.1007/s10971-018-4699-6Storm, W. L., Youn, J., Reighard, K. P., Worley, B. V., Lodaya, H. M., Shin, J. H., & Schoenfisch, M. H. (2014). Superhydrophobic nitric oxide-releasing xerogels. Acta Biomaterialia, 10(8), 3442-3448. doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2014.04.029Guzel Kaya, G., Yilmaz, E., & Deveci, H. (2019). A novel silica xerogel synthesized from volcanic tuff as an adsorbent for high‐efficient removal of methylene blue: parameter optimization using Taguchi experimental design. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 94(8), 2729-2737. doi:10.1002/jctb.6089Mohammadian, M., Jafarzadeh Kashi, T. S., Erfan, M., & Soorbaghi, F. P. (2018). Synthesis and characterization of silica aerogel as a promising drug carrier system. Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 44, 205-212. doi:10.1016/j.jddst.2017.12.017Hu, W., Li, M., Chen, W., Zhang, N., Li, B., Wang, M., & Zhao, Z. (2016). Preparation of hydrophobic silica aerogel with kaolin dried at ambient pressure. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 501, 83-91. doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.04.059Zhu, H., Jia, S., Yang, H., Tang, W., Jia, Y., & Tan, Z. (2010). Characterization of bacteriostatic sausage casing: A composite of bacterial cellulose embedded with ɛ-polylysine. Food Science and Biotechnology, 19(6), 1479-1484. doi:10.1007/s10068-010-0211-yLei, Y., Hu, Z., Cao, B., Chen, X., & Song, H. (2017). Enhancements of thermal insulation and mechanical property of silica aerogel monoliths by mixing graphene oxide. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 187, 183-190. doi:10.1016/j.matchemphys.2016.11.064Huang, D., Guo, C., Zhang, M., & Shi, L. (2017). Characteristics of nanoporous silica aerogel under high temperature from 950 °C to 1200 °C. Materials & Design, 129, 82-90. doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2017.05.024Shi, K., Liu, Y., Ke, L., Fang, Y., Yang, R., & Cui, F. (2015). Epsilon-poly-l-lysine guided improving pulmonary delivery of supramolecular self-assembled insulin nanospheres. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 72, 1441-1450. doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.10.023Lin, L., Xue, L., Duraiarasan, S., & Haiying, C. (2018). Preparation of ε-polylysine/chitosan nanofibers for food packaging against Salmonella on chicken. Food Packaging and Shelf Life, 17, 134-141. doi:10.1016/j.fpsl.2018.06.013Lv, J., Meng, Y., Shi, Y., Li, Y., Chen, J., & Sheng, F. (2019). Properties of epsilon‐polylysine·HCl/high‐methoxyl pectin polyelectrolyte complexes and their commercial application. 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Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 356(4-5), 250-257. doi:10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2009.11.019Guzel Kaya, G., & Deveci, H. (2020). Effect of Aging Solvents on Physicochemical and Thermal Properties of Silica Xerogels Derived from Steel Slag. ChemistrySelect, 5(4), 1586-1591. doi:10.1002/slct.201903345Rao, A. P., Rao, A. V., & Gurav, J. L. (2007). Effect of protic solvents on the physical properties of the ambient pressure dried hydrophobic silica aerogels using sodium silicate precursor. Journal of Porous Materials, 15(5), 507-512. doi:10.1007/s10934-007-9104-8Sperling, R. A., & Parak, W. J. (2010). Surface modification, functionalization and bioconjugation of colloidal inorganic nanoparticles. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 368(1915), 1333-1383. doi:10.1098/rsta.2009.0273Ma, X., Lee, N.-H., Oh, H.-J., Kim, J.-W., Rhee, C.-K., Park, K.-S., & Kim, S.-J. (2010). Surface modification and characterization of highly dispersed silica nanoparticles by a cationic surfactant. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 358(1-3), 172-176. doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2010.01.051Tan, L., Tan, X., Fang, M., Yu, Z., & Wang, X. (2018). Effects of humic acid and Mg2+ on morphology and aggregation behavior of silica aerogels. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 264, 261-268. doi:10.1016/j.molliq.2018.05.064Wang, L., Hu, C., & Shao, L. (2017). The antimicrobial activity of nanoparticles: present situation and prospects for the future. International Journal of Nanomedicine, Volume 12, 1227-1249. doi:10.2147/ijn.s121956Hasan, J., Crawford, R. J., & Ivanova, E. P. (2013). Antibacterial surfaces: the quest for a new generation of biomaterials. Trends in Biotechnology, 31(5), 295-304. doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2013.01.017Katsikogianni, M., & Missirlis, Y. (2004). 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Oligonucleotide-capped nanoporous anodic alumina biosensor as diagnostic tool for rapid and accurate detection of Candida auris in clinical samples

[EN] Candida auris has arisen as an important multidrug-resistant fungus because of several nosocomial outbreaks and elevated rates of mortality. Accurate and rapid diagnosis of C. auris is highly desired; nevertheless, current methods often present severe limitations and produce misidentification. Herein a sensitive, selective, and time-competitive biosensor based on oligonucleotide-gated nanomaterials for effective detection of C. auris is presented. In the proposed design, a nanoporous anodic alumina scaffold is filled with the fluorescent indicator rhodamine B and the pores blocked with different oligonucleotides capable of specifically recognize C. auris genomic DNA. Gate opening modulation and cargo delivery is controlled by successful DNA recognition. C. auris is detected at a concentration as low as 6 CFU/mL allowing obtaining a diagnostic result in clinical samples in one hour with no prior DNA extraction or amplification steps.The authors want to thank the Spanish Government (project RTI2018-100910-B-C41 (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE)), the Generalitat Valenciana (project PROMETEO/2018/024), Universitat Politecnica de Valencia-Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria La Fe (AURISGATE project) and Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en Bioingenieria, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (NANOPATH AND CANDI-EYE projects) for support. L.P thanks MINECO for his predoctoral fellowship. S.S. thanks the Instituto de Salud Carlos III and the European Social Fund for the financial support "Sara Borrell" (CD16/000237).Pla, L.; Santiago-Felipe, S.; Tormo-Mas, MÁ.; Ruiz-Gaitán, A.; Peman, J.; Valentín, E.; Sancenón Galarza, F.... (2021). Oligonucleotide-capped nanoporous anodic alumina biosensor as diagnostic tool for rapid and accurate detection of Candida auris in clinical samples. Emerging microbes & infections. 10(1):407-415. https://doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2020.187041140741510

Prevalence, geographic distribution, and geographic variability of major cardiovascular risk factors in Spain: pooled analysis of data from population-based epidemiological studies: the ERICE study

[Abstract] Introduction and objectives. To determine the prevalence and geographic distribution of major cardiovascular risk factors in the Spanish population. To investigate whether geographic variability exists. Methods. Data were pooled from eight cross-sectional epidemiologic studies carried out in Spain between 1992 and 2001 whose methodological quality satisfied predefined criteria. Individual data were reassessed and analyzed by age group (20-44 years, 45-64 years, and [.greaterequal] 65 years), sex, and geographic area. The study population included 19 729 individuals. Mean values and unadjusted and adjusted prevalence rates were derived for various risk factors. Results. The most common cardiovascular risk factors in the Spanish population were, in descending order: hypercholesterolemia (ie, total cholesterol >200 mg/dL) in46.7%, hypertension in 37.6%, smoking in 32.2%, obesity in 22.8%, and diabetes mellitus in 6.2%. The mean values for blood pressure, body mass index, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glycemia varied considerably with age, sex, and geographic area. The highest levels of cardiovascular risk factors were observed in Mediterranean and south-eastern areas of the country and the lowest, in northern, and central areas. Conclusions. The prevalence of major cardiovascular risk factors in Spain was high. Their distribution varied considerably with geographic area.[Resumen] Introducción y objetivos. Estimar la prevalencia y la distribución geográfica de los principales factores de riesgo cardiovascular en la población española. Investigar la existencia de diferencias geográficas. Métodos. Agregación de ocho estudios epidemiológicos transversales, realizados en España entre 1992 y 2001, que superaron criterios de calidad metodológica. Reanálisis conjunto de los datos individuales por grupos de edad (20-44, 45-64 y [.greaterequal] 65 años), sexo y grandes áreas geográficas. Población de estudio: 19.729 sujetos. Estimación de valores medios y prevalencias crudas y ajustadas. Resultados. Por orden decreciente, los factores de riesgo cardiovascular más frecuentes en la población española fueron la hipercolesterolemia (colesterol total > 200 mg/dl, 46,7%), hipertensión arterial (37,6%), tabaquismo (32,2%), obesidad (22,8%) y diabetes mellitus (6,2%). Los valores medios de presión arterial, índice de masa corporal, colesterol de las lipoproteínas de alta densidad y glucemia varían ampliamente con la edad, el sexo y las áreas geográficas. La mayor carga de factores de riesgo cardiovascular se observa en las zonas sureste y mediterránea y la menor, en las áreas norte y centro. Conclusiones. En España la prevalencia de los principales factores de riesgo cardiovascular es elevada. Hay marcadas diferencias geográficas en su distribución

Characterization of Actinomycetes Strains Isolated from the Intestinal Tract and Feces of the Larvae of the Longhorn Beetle Cerambyx welensii

[EN]Actinomycetes constitute a large group of Gram-positive bacteria present in different habitats. One of these habitats involves the association of these bacteria with insects. In this work, we have studied twenty-four actinomycetes strains isolated from the intestinal tract and feces from larvae of the xylophagous coleopteran Cerambyx welensii and have shown that seventeen strains present hydrolytic activity of some of the following substrates: cellulose, hemicellulose, starch and proteins. Fourteen of the isolates produce antimicrobial molecules against the Gram-positive bacteria Micrococcus luteus. Analysis of seven strains led us to identify the production of a wide number of compounds including streptanoate, alpiniamide A, alteramides A and B, coproporphyrin III, deferoxamine, demethylenenocardamine, dihydropicromycin, nocardamine, picromycin, surugamides A, B, C, D and E, tirandamycins A and B, and valinomycin. A significant number of other compounds, whose molecular formulae are not included in the Dictionary of Natural Products (DNP), were also present in the extracts analyzed, which opens up the possibility of identifying new active antibiotics. Molecular identification of ten of the isolated bacteria determined that six of them belong to the genus Streptomyces, two of them are included in the genus Amycolatopsis and two in the genus Nocardiopsis

Caso: Infección cutánea en el punto de punción de anestesia subaracnoidea

Mujer de 76 años de edad, con antecedentes de asma bronquial en tratamiento con bromuro de ipatropio e hipertiroidismo tratado con carbimazol. Artrosis generalizada y gonartrosis bilateral. Propuesta para cirugía traumatológica de protesis total de rodilla derecha. Se realiza técnica locorregional mediante anestesia subaracnoidea resultando exitosa tras 4 intentos fallidos de punción, confirmando salida de LCR transparente. Se administra bupivacaina isobárica 14 mg. más 20 mcg de fentanilo. Se administra Amchafibrin (según protocolo de la Unidad de Anestesia y Reanimación del Hospital Vega Baja de Orihuela)