The Rise and Development of the Office of Agoranomos in Greco-Roman Egypt

This article traces the evolution of the office of agoranomos in Greco-Roman Egypt and compares such developments with those of the official’s counterparts in the rest of the Greek world. I argue that the office’s third century transformation into a liturgical position in Egypt mirrors identical changes in Greece, Asia Minor, and Roman Palestine in the Hellenistic and Roman periods, as seen through the papyrological, epigraphic, and historical record. This comparative approach reveals a wider trend in the Greek East and demonstrates the importance in considering the Egyptian evidence in treatments of the office in the rest of the Greco-Roman world as the office in Egypt was not an anomaly

Familiarity with the structure of the sentence helps us to understand correctly

Sentence is the most important grammatical structure in many languages. If we want to know the meaning of a paragraph, or paragraphs, we should know the meaning of each sentence. Sentence specifies the appropriate meaning and role for every lingual element. If we disorganize the system of one sentence, we will have some words with no complete meaning; some of these words may have different meanings and some of them may take different roles like a noun, a verb, an adjective or an adverb. Suppose! If we disorganise the whole sentences of a paragraph or all paragraphs, it will be impossible to know the meaning of one paragraph or paragraph because the most significant structure of the language (sentence) is disorganized. In conclusion, sentences are very important for many languages. Basically, each book is made from sentences. If we have no sentence, we have no paragraph or paragraphs; it means the sentence is everything in many languages

Censorship and Book-Burning in Imperial Rome and Egypt

This thesis considers censorship and book-burning in imperial Rome and Egypt from Augustus to Diocletian (31 BCE-305 CE). In considering this phenomenon comparatively, this paper analyzes literary treason, the impact of the rise of an imperial government on censorship, the role of emperors in this suppression, and changing notions of subversive behavior

B-1 Cell Heterogeneity and the Regulation of Natural and Antigen-Induced IgM Production.

A small subset of B cells, termed B-1 cells, with developmental origins, phenotypes, and functions that are distinct from those of conventional B cells exist in mice. It contributes the vast majority of spontaneously produced "natural" IgM. Natural IgM is constitutively produced, even in the absence of microbiota, and fulfills many distinct functions in tissue homeostasis and host defense. B-1 cells also respond with IgM production to innate signals and pathogen exposure, while maintaining steady-state levels natural IgM. Thus, within the B-1 cell pool, cells of distinct and heterogeneous functionality must exist to facilitate these different functions. This review considers three factors that may contribute to this heterogeneity: first, developmental differences regarding the origins of the precursors, second, tissue-specific signals that may differentially affect B-1 cells in the tissue compartments, and finally responsiveness to self-antigens as well as innate and antigen-specific signals. All three are likely to shape the repertoire and responsiveness of B-1 cells to homeostatic- and antigen-induced signals and thus contribute to the functional heterogeneity among these innate-like B cells