Collapsible Tabular Visualization of Aspects in Object Oriented Programming

Due to its implicit invocation nature ofAspect Oriented Programming (AOP), locating a jointpoint for executing aspect is extremely difficult. Hence,it becomes difficult to understand the application’sflow and behavior. Current AOP visualization tools havelimitations such as high dependency on other tools,confusing and excessive use of color to represent aspectsand using an outdated version of AspectJ. In thispaper, we propose a new approach collapsibletabular visualization tool to visualize and represent AOPfeatures to aid the programmers in betterunderstanding AOP applications. We have come outof traditional color-based aspect visualization and developeda web based tool: AspectViz that visualizes the aspects ina simple collapsible table. A questionnaire containingfour different questions related to aspects visualizationwas developed to compare AspectViz with currentvisualization tools. 20 graduate students andprofessional software developers were invited to participatein the test experiment as well as the survey. We havecompared its performance with existing AOPvisualization tools i.e. the AJDT and the AspectMaps andshowed how it outperformed in many cases, which is nocolor confusion, simple tabular visualization of aspects, nodependency on third-party software, easy to understand andthe time it took to find a particular aspect was less etc.Collapsible tabular visualization enhanced the usability andperformance of aspect locating in aspect-orientedprogramming

Impact on Voice after Cervical Spinal Cord Injury

Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) is a major cause of disability and morbidity throughout the world and Asia. The association between CSCI and voice difficulties is clinically well-recognized. So this study was meant to determine the impacts on voice following CSCI. The study aimed to determine the impacts on voice following Cervical Spinal Cord Injury (CSCI). Additionally includes finding out the proportion of voice difficulties among CSCI patients, to identify the number of functional, physical, and emotional impacts on voice after CSCI, and to determine the socio-demographic characteristics of the study population. This study was conducted by using a cross-sectional prospective survey method at the SCI unit of CRP. Participants were selected by using purposive sampling. The result states from the research that CSCI is more common in males than females and nearly half of the person has physical, emotional, and functional impacts on voice after CSCI. Among participants, the maximum participants 22.5% (18) rated their voice problem at a moderate level (VHI=11-20) after CSCI and 11.3% (9) participants faced voice problems at a very severe level, 13.8% (11) participants had severe level voice problem. The association between surgeries happened or not happened and the severity of voice problems among CSCI patients showed statistically non-significant. Patients with cervical spinal cord injury faces several clinical problems in our country, whereas nearly most of them experience mild to moderate voice deficits secondary to poor respiratory support. In Bangladesh, Speech & Language Therapy services for SCI patients are newly introduced in the last few years. So for providing proper comprehensive services to SCI patients the monitoring of communicative function from the acute phase to the community reintegration phase is essential

Combined Effects of Nutrient Management on Nutrient Content and Uptake of Transplant Aus Rice (BRRI Dhan48)

A field experiment was conducted at Sutiakhali, Mymensingh for crop production and chemical analysis was performed at Department of soil science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to see the combined effect of nutrient management on nutrient content and uptake of Transplant  Aus  rice (BRRI dhan48) during march to july 2015 following Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications. The treatments were T1: RD (N75 P12 K45 S9), T2: STB (N74 P11 K36 S7), T3: INM (N54 P5 K27 S5+ CD @ 5.0 t ha−1), T4: Farmer’s practice (N69 P30 K37), and T5: Control (no fertilizer). The NPKS content and uptake by BRRI dhan48 were also influenced significantly due to combined use of manure and fertilizers. The maximum N, P, K and S uptake by grain (35.55, 6.99, 15.20 and 3.38 kg/ha respectively) were obtained from the application of Integrated Nutrient Management. The minimum N, P, K and S uptake by grain (20.08, 3.64, 8.35 and 1.74 kg/ha respectively) were found from T5: Control. Similarly, The maximum N, P, K and S uptake by straw (3.38, 5.43, 99.25 and 7.37 kg/ha respectively) were found from T3: INM. The minimum N, P, K and S uptake by straw (1.74, 2.67, 49.70 and 3.87 kg/ha respectively) were obtained from T5 (Control). The performance of the treatment T3 was better than T1, T2, T4 and T5 in nutrient content and uptake of BRRI dhan48. Considering nutrient content and uptake, the application of chemical fertilizers in combination with manure based on INM could be recommended for BRRI dhan48 production in aus season

Association of serum vitamin D and parathormone levels in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus with diabetic retinopathy

The present study was aimed to evaluate the association of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D and parathormone in 46 patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus with diabetic retinopathy [non-proliferative, (n=27); proliferative (n=19)]. Twenty one diabetic patients without retinopathy were taken as control. Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D and intact parathyroid hormone were measured by chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay. Concentration of 25-hydroxy vitamin D differed significantly among groups (p=0.018) and it was significantly lower in proliferative diabetic retinopathy than no diabetic retinopathy (p=0.003). Logistic regression analysis revealed that vitamin D deficiency [25-hydroxy vitamin D <20 ng/mL] was indepen-dently associated with development of diabetic retinopathy (p=0.007, OR 20.90, 95%CI 2.33-187.23). In conclusion, vitamin D deficiency is associated with diabetic retinopathy complicating type 2 diabetes mellitus

Association of serum vitamin D and parathormone levels in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus with diabetic retinopathy

The present study was aimed to evaluate the association of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D and parathormone in 46 patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus with diabetic retinopathy [non-proliferative, (n=27); proliferative (n=19)]. Twenty one diabetic patients without retinopathy were taken as control. Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D and intact parathyroid hormone were measured by chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay. Concentration of 25-hydroxy vitamin D differed significantly among groups (p=0.018) and it was significantly lower in proliferative diabetic retinopathy than no diabetic retinopathy (p=0.003). Logistic regression analysis revealed that vitamin D deficiency [25-hydroxy vitamin D <20 ng/mL] was indepen-dently associated with development of diabetic retinopathy (p=0.007, OR 20.90, 95%CI 2.33-187.23). In conclusion, vitamin D deficiency is associated with diabetic retinopathy complicating type 2 diabetes mellitus

Persistence of anti-HBs and immunologic memory in children immunized with hepatitis B vaccine

Background:  We aimed to examine the persistence of anti-HBs in Bangladeshi children aged 5 and 10 years after primary vaccination, and this response to a booster dose. Methods: A total of 100 children were enrolled who were divided into two groups (A and B). Group A comprised of 50 children vaccinated 5 years ago, and group B had 50 children vaccinated 10 years ago. Hepatitis B surface antibody titer was measured, and a booster dose of the vaccine was administered to those who had anti-HBs less than 10 mlU/ml. Seventeen such children from group A and 27 from group B were vaccinated with a booster dose. After one month, 12 children from group A and 18 children from group B were retested for hepatitis B surface antibody levels. Results: After 5 and 10 years of primary vaccination, 66.0% and 46.0% children had protective antibody levels. After one month of booster dose, 91.6% children responded to the increased level of anti-HBs in group A. Among them, 66.6% showed an adequate response. In group B, 88.8% had an increased level of anti-HBs antibody where 83.3% had an adequate response. Geometric mean titre of anti-HBs antibody boosted by 35 and 75 times from pre-booster time to post-booster vaccination in group A and B, respectively. Conclusion: Children had protective levels of anti-HBs antibodies at 5 and 10 years after completion of the primary vaccinations. Anamnestic response to booster vaccination confirmed the persistence of an effective immunological memory in vaccines. Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 2023;16(2): 101-10

Method validation on iron determination by spectrophotometric method in aqueous medium

This paper deals with the validation of a method for the determination of iron in spectrophotometric method in aqueous medium. The method is based on complex formation of iron with thioglycolic acid (TGA) in alkaline medium in presence of a masking agent to produce a red purple chelate that has an absorption maximum at 535 nm wavelength. Beer’s-Lambert’s law is obeyed and linear calibration curves were obtained for the concentration range of iron from 0.1 mg/L to 30 mg/L. The reaction is found to be spontaneous in alkaline medium. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for the developed method are 0.0108 and 0.0345 respectively. Effect of different parameters like molar ratio of iron to different reagents and interferences, effect of time and effect of temperature of this method of determination were studied. It is found that this method is moderately sensitive and has been successfully applied for the determination of iron (III) in different fields like ceramic materials, clay, sand, glass, stone, soil, water, and any inorganic iron containing compound or alloys. A comparison report is made for Chevron gas field waste material and Certified Reference Material (CRM) of iron, which was done by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) and Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer and found to be comparable

Selección de cepa de Bacillus Spp probiótica autóctona con mayor actividad enzimática

El presente estudio se enfocó en la determinación de actividad enzimática de cepas de Bacillus spp autóctonas (XSCD-9, xsc-9, X2-10) previamente estudiadas, estas cepas fueron procesadas mediante técnicas de laboratorio para esto se realizaron pruebas probióticas de halos de hidrólisis, unidades de Anson, a si como también la determinación de un medio de cultivo industrial económico y efectivo para la optima reproducción y producción de enzimas proteolíticas de los microorganismos candidatos, en donde resulto como mayor productora de enzimas proteolíticas con 17.5336 UA y 30 mm de halo de hidrólisis, fue la cepa X2-10 que corresponde a un Bacillus cereus según su secuenciación, con la composición de la corrida #3 (Melaza: 75 g/1, Levadura torula: 50 g/1, Calcio: 1.5 g/1, Temperatura: 39°C.) la cual fue evaluada atreves del método estadístico coeficiente de variación, presentando el porcentaje más bajo de las 3 cepas candidatas estudiadas

Cerebral Palsy risk factors associated with pregnancy and delivery

Objective: To identify and analyze the risk factors associated with pregnancy and delivery that contribute to the development of cerebral palsy in children. Material and Methods: To better understand what factors lead to cerebral palsy in children, a cross-sectional study was conducted at the CRP pediatric hospital in Savar, Dhaka. The study's sample size of 56 was reached by a convenience sample of mothers of children with cerebral palsy. In-person interviews were conducted utilizing a survey instrument translated into Bengali or the native tongue and then pilot tested. Excel and SPSS were used for statistical analysis. Informed consent and confidentiality were ensured under ethical guidelines. Results: The data shows past socioeconomic variables. Population age distribution: 37.50% 29–35. 88.1% were Muslim. 59% rural residential areas. 35.70% SSC education.  85.7% had two or more children, 45.6% under three. 55% were males, 45% female. 41% of pregnancies had issues, and 24.9% of women underwent abortions. Normal births were 51.80% and cesarean sections 48.20%. Post-birth statistics included crying immediately (34%), yellowish eyes (50%), fever with seizures (61%), head injuries (48%), and birth hypoxia (38%). 35.70% were born at home, 30.40% in hospitals (17.90% public, 16.10% private). Figure 3 showed hypertension (20%), diabetes (16%), and anemia (23%). Age, religion, education, number of children, past abortions, delivery method, and birthplace were correlated. Diabetes, hypertension, anemia, and birthplace were unrelated. Conclusion: Awareness of cerebral palsy is poor despite its prevalence. In developed country physiotherapy is considered as an important treatment for cerebral palsy children. Quantitative research was used to survey pediatric patients and identify risk variables in this study. Factors shared by many were old age, illiteracy, and origins in rural areas. Risk recognition and mitigation must be prioritized

Evaluation of HPV-DNA Test in Detection of Precancerous and Cancerous Lesions of Cervix

ABSTRACT The knowledge that cervical neoplasia are caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection has led to the evaluation of its role in screening of cervical neoplasia. This study was carried out to evaluate the accuracy of HPV-DNA test in diagnosis of precancerous and cancerous lesions of cervix in relation to histopathology. Total no of 115 eligible women were included in this study. After recording relevant data cervix was examined on naked eye by cuscos speculum. Paps smear collection and VIA tests were done concurrently. Colposcopic examination was done who were positive in screening tests. In addition, subjects with grossly abnormal cervix even with negative in screening tests were also referred for colposcopy. Samples for HPV DNA were taken from the patients referred for colposcopy and biopsies were done in the same patients. Those with CIN I or worse lesions diagnosed by histology were considered as true positive. The study results showed the test parameters for VIA were sensitivity of 94.11%, specificity of 57.57%, positive predictive value of 12.20%, and negative predictive value of 99.70%. The test parameters for Pap smear were sensitivity of 64.71%, specificity of 94.29%, positive predictive value of 51.70% and negative predictive value of 99.80%. The test parameters for HPV DNA test were sensitivity of 82.35% and specificity of 84.85%, positive predictive value of 73.68% and negative predictive value of 90.32%. VIA and HPV-DNA tests detected all cases of high grade lesions (CIN II & III) and carcinoma. This study was that VIA is superior to Pap smear cytology and HPV-DNA test in sensitivity, that is VIA can more accurately identify the CIN/ cancer patients, On the other and Pap smear is superior to VIA and HPV-DNA test in specificity that it can more accurately identify the truly well people and HPV-DNA has strong association in high grade lesions of the cervix