PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION TEACHERS AND MORAL DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS IN SECONDARY GRAMMAR SCHOOLS IN THE SOUTH WEST REGION OF CAMEROON

This study investigated the influence of professional development of citizenship education teachers on the moral development of students in secondary grammar schools of the South West Region of Cameroon. The sample of the study was made up of 143 citizenship education teachers. Three sampling techniques were used in this study namely; the stratified, purposive and the simple random sampling techniques. The research design used was the sequential explanatory design. The research instruments used were teachers’ questionnaire as well as interview guide for Heads of Department for Citizenship Education. The data collected were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistical analysis, using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (S.P.S.S). The major finding of the study was that though there is a relationship between professional development of teachers in Citizenship Education and Moral development of student in Secondary Schools, the relationship was not significant. On the basis of this finding it was recommended that a department for Citizenship Education be introduced in teacher training schools and that there should be an increase in the number of Regional and divisional seminars/workshops for Citizenship Education teachers

GENE EXPRESSION PROFILE IN SALMONELLA ENTERITIDIS IN EGG ALBUMEN BASED ON PATHOGENICITY VIA GEO-ANALYSIS

Salmonella enteriditis, a bacterium known for contaminating egg albumen, serves as a significant causative agent of foodborne illnesses in humans. These illnesses manifest with a spectrum of symptoms ranging from mild to severe, contingent upon the varying pathogenicity levels of Salmonella enteritidis. The central objective of this research endeavor was to meticulously analyze the gene expression profile of Salmonella enteritidis in egg albumin, correlating it with the pathogen's varying pathogenicity levels. This analysis was conducted utilizing the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) Analysis framework.A comprehensive examination of 18 genomic databases specific to Salmonella enteritidis, extracted from the GEO Dataset (GSE33102), was undertaken. These databases were methodically clustered in accordance with the pathogenicity gradations of the bacteria. Subsequently, an in-depth analysis and visualization of the data were performed using GEO2R. The analytical findings revealed a notable variance in gene expression, with 35-46 genes demonstrating significant differences (Padj<0.05) when comparing groups with High Pathogenicity and High-Medium Pathogenicity against those with Low PathogenicityThe study culminated in the identification of six distinct gene expressions that effectively discriminate between Salmonella enteritidis groups classified as High, High-Medium, and Low Pathogenicity. This discovery propels the hypothesis that these genes could potentially serve as specific markers for the presence of Salmonella enteritidis in contaminated eggs. Such markers would be instrumental in the early detection of foodborne diseases. However, it is imperative to conduct further research to ascertain the viability of these candidate genes as reliable indicators for the early detection of this pathogen in contaminated food sources

The Impact of Good Governance on Socio-Economic Growth in Djibouti

Djibouti is a small, low-income country that faces significant governance challenges. Despite efforts to improve governance, Djibouti remains among the lowest-ranked countries globally in terms of political freedom and transparency. The relationship between governance and economic growth in Djibouti is not well studied. This study aimed to examine the impact of good governance on economic growth in Djibouti. Specifically, it analyzed the effects of political stability, institutional quality, and corruption on economic growth. The study utilized a quantitative, regression analysis approach. Secondary data on governance indicators and economic growth in Djibouti over 36 years (1987-2022) were gathered from World Bank sources. Political stability, institutional quality, and corruption were the independent variables, while GDP per capita was the dependent variable. The findings showed that political stability and reduced corruption significant positive impacts economic growth in Djibouti. However, contrary to expectations, improved institutional quality appeared to retard growth. Together, the governance variables explained over 50% of the variation in GDP per capita. The study provides important insights into the drivers of economic growth in Djibouti. The results highlight the need to promote political stability and combat corruption. However, strengthening institutional capacity may not spur growth in the short term. The findings have implications for policymakers seeking strategies to improve governance and accelerate development in Djibouti. Further research is needed to understand the unexpected institutional quality effects better

Development of Hybrid Block Integrator for the Numerical solution of Stiff and Oscillatory Differential Equations for first order Ordinary Differential Equations

This paper discussed the development of a new numerical hybrid block integrator for the numerical solution of stiff and oscillatory differential equations for first order ordinary differential equations. The method of interpolation and collocation at some selected grid point to generate the continuous scheme was adopted. The research also investigates the consistency, convergence, zero-stability and region of absolute stability of the integrator using matlab and the integrator was tested on some numerical experiments for comparism. The analysis of the method showed that the method is Zero-stable, consistent, convergent and computationally stable. The method handles stiff and Oscillatory differential equations effectively. AMS Subject Classification: 65L05, 65L06, 65D3

ALLUSIONS IN JEREMIAH 4:23–26: LOCAL OR GLOBAL SCOPE?

Scholars have noted a special status of Jer 4:23–26, and for some 4:23–28, in Jeremiah and the rest of the OT. It has been described as “the most powerful descriptions of the Day of the Lord in the OT” 1, “the most dramatic one its kind” 2, and one can add a unique passage in the book of Jeremiah 3. Some leading scholars of Jeremiah hold that the phrase ( הת ו הבו וformless and void) 4, in Jer 4:23 alludes to Gen 1:2. This allusion led them to conclude that this literary unit conveys universal undoing of creation, i.e. decreation 5. The present study affirms that the allusions of Jer 4:23–26 to Gen 1:2 and other texts in Gen 1–3 are well established 6, but suggests that allusive links between Jer 4:23, along with vv. 24–26, to Gen 1–2 do not convey the idea of universal de-creation of  the entire planet, but rather describe the land of Judah 7. This understanding of Jer 4:23–26 is based on the contextual reading of Jer 4:23–26 along with its allusions and the texts alluded to. The present study develops in five steps. The first step is to verify whether Jer 4:23–26 is a distinct pericope and establish delineation of its context. Secondly, the overall meaning of the context will be established and later reinforced by its allusions. The next step is to establish the connection between Jer 4:23–26 and its context. The fourth step is identification of the allusions in Jer 4:23–26. Finally, the present study will suggest the role of והת והבוand other allusions in Jer 4:23–26

Evaluating Teratogenic Effects: Examination of the Impact of TCDD on Craniofacial Characteristics and Body Measurements of Isa Brown Chicken Embryos Under Controlled Experimental Conditions

2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, sometimes referred to as TCDD is a chemical molecule that is generated via the process of burning. It poses a significant threat to both people and animals due to its toxic effects. The potential adverse effects include dermatological injury, immunosuppression, hepatotoxicity, increased risk of cancer, harm to the developing fetus, reproductive disorders, disruption of development processes, neurobehavioral impairments, and particular endocrine disturbances. Furthermore, this chemical has the capacity to influence the process of embryonic development and increase the rates of embryonic mortality. This study aims to investigate the teratogenic impacts of TCDD injection on the head diameter, head shape, body length, and overall body size of Isa brown embryos. The study consisted of three treatment groups: a control group that did not receive any additional TCDD in corn oil, a placebo group that got 5 µL of corn oil, and a treatment group that received five ng/egg of TCDD dissolved in 5 µL of corn oil. The interventions were administered for a duration of seven days. The statistical analysis revealed that the teratogenic effect of TCDD had a substantial impact on the development of thorax circumference, but it did not affect head diameter, head circumference, overall body size, and body length

CONSUMER LEGAL PROTECTION IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PRICING IN FOOD STALLS IN THE CITY OF SAMARINDA

To guarantee the implementation of consumer protection, the government has included consumer protection in a legal product, namely the Consumer Protection Law, because only the law has the power to force business actors to comply and also has strict sanctions. Business actors who offer goods and/or services intended for trading are prohibited from offering, promoting, advertising, or making false or misleading statements regarding the price or rates of goods and/or services. This research aims to find out and analyze price listings at food stalls in Samarinda City; and the legal consequences and responsibilities of food stall business owners who do not include prices. Research is normative juridical research, which is a scientific activity related to analysis and construction carried out methodologically, systematically, and consistently which is focused on studying the application of rules or norms in positive law. The research results show that: (1) the provisions for price inclusion as regulated in the Republic of Indonesia Minister of Trade Decree No. 35/M-DAG/PER/7/2013, 2013 concerning Listing of Prices for Traded Goods and Services Tariffs. Every business actor who trades goods at retail and/or services to consumers must state the price of goods or service rates clearly, easily read, and easily seen; and (2) The dimensions of legal protection for consumers can cover various aspects and can be carried out using various instruments, namely civil law instruments, criminal law instruments and also administrative law instruments. Therefore, violations by business actors of food label provisions can be subject to civil, criminal, and administrative liability or sanctions

Influence of Parents’ Level of Education and Occupation on the Academic Achievement of Electrical Installation and Maintenance Work Trade Students of Technical Colleges of Adamawa State

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of parents’ level of education and parents’ occupation on the academic achievement of electrical installation and maintenance work trade students in technical colleges of Adamawa State. The study has two specific purposes and two research questions. Similarly, two hypotheses were formulated and tested at alpha value of 0.05 level of significance. Descriptive survey research design was adopted. The area of the study is Adamawa State of Nigeria. The population for the study comprised ninety four Senior Secondary School year three electrical installation and maintenance works trade students in the three State technical colleges in Adamawa State. There was no sampling as the entire population was studied. The instrument used for the study was standardized achievement test questions adopted from NABTEB past question papers. Validity of the instrument was ascertained through face and content validity. Test re-test method of establishing reliability was used and the reliability index was computed by correlating the two scores using Pearson Product Moment Correlation formula and a reliability coefficient of 0.78 was obtained. The data were analyzed using SPSS (version 22). Mean and Standard deviation was computed using SPSS to answer all the Research Questions. ANOVA was used to test the two hypotheses. Findings were made based on the research questions and hypotheses, among them are: Parents level of education and parents’ occupation has no significant influence on the academic achievement of EIMW Students. It was therefore recommended that, Parents who are not educated or have low educational level should endeavour to allow the students take extracoaching class to improve their academic performance

DETERMINANTS OF MARITIME SECTOR PERFORMANCE IN NIGERIA

This study investigates the determinants of the performance of maritime sector in Nigeria from 2000 to 2022. Specifically, the study examines how gross registered tonnage, cargo throughput, and oil prices affect maritime sector output. The study utilized data sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria, Nigeria Port Authority,and World Bank statistical database. The study makes used of the descriptive statistics, stationarity, Granger Causality, and ARDL techniques at 5% level. The stationarity test reveals that the variables were stationary at level and first differences necessitating the ARDL F-bond test that validate the existence of long-run form. The ARDL long-run test shows gross registered tonnage and cargo throughput are positive but insignificant to maritime sector output; however, oil price is negative and insignificant to maritime sector output. The study concludes that gross registered tonnage, cargo throughput, and oil prices have a limited impact on the promotion of marine sector output. Therefore, the study recommends that the Nigerian Federal Government should consider hedging its oil price exposures as a means to guarantee a consistent and stable oil price, thereby fostering growth in the marine industry

KNOWLEDGE AND ADOPTION OF PRECISION AGRICULTURE AMONG OIL PALM SMALLHOLDER FARMERS IN AKWA IBOM STATE, NIGERIA

Precision Agriculture (PA) deals with the fine-tuned management of crop inputs including seeds, fertilizers, water, pesticides and energy inorder to create savings on these inputs, increase yield, augment profitability and protect the environment. This study was carried out with the aim of knowing the level of awareness of precision agriculture and the various factors affecting the adoption of precision agriculture by oil palm smallholder farmers in Essien Udim rural communities. Eighty respondents were interviewed. The data was analyzed using descriptive analysis such as frequency, percentage, mean and likert scale. The outcome of the study showed that most of the farmers were aware of precision agriculture because most of them had formal education. This means that the level of education of oil palm smallholder farmers could result to a high rate of agricultural technology adoption. On the constraints to the adoption of precision agriculture, the study revealed that lack of capital, information, facilities and low technical knowhow were the major constraints identified by the farmers. Since capital, information, facilities and technical knowhow were the major constraints, the availability of capital and agricultural information devices such as radio and mobile phones would help farmers to make informed decisions about what crops to sow or transplant and where to purchase affordable crop inputs and the market to sell their produce