ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN LITERASI NUMERASI DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL PROGRAMME FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDENT ASSESSMENT (PISA)

This study aims to reveal deeper numeracy literacy skills in solving the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) questions. This research was conducted at SMAS Cerdas Murni Tembung in the odd semester of the 2022/2023 academic year. The research subjects consisted of 28 students of class X MIPA-1. The research uses qualitative methods with a descriptive approach. The research instruments used were PISA test questions and interviews. The results showed that 44% of student were able to fulfill the ability indicators in using syimbols, numbers, and calculate mathematical operations contained in questions at levels 1, 4, and 5. In the indicator of the ability to analyze information from tables, graphs, diagrams, schematics, etc., it was obtained that 57,1% of students were able to solve PISA level 3. As well as indicators of skills in applying concepts as well as making decisions contained in level 2 and level 6 questions, 42,3% of students were able to meet these indicators. So that, the overall numeracy literacy ability of class X MIPA-1 students can be categorized as lacking in solving the Program For International Student Assessment (PISA) questions

Analisis kemampuan literasi numerasi dalam menyelesaikan soal Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) di SMAS Cerdas Murni Tembung T.A 2022/2023

This study aims to reveal deeper numeracy literacy skills in solving the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) questions. This research was conducted at SMAS Cerdas Murni Tembung in the odd semester of the 2022/2023 academic year. The research subjects consisted of 28 students of class X MIPA1. The research uses qualitative methods with a descriptive approach. The research instruments used were PISA test questions and interviews. The results of this study indicate that based on indicators of numeracy literacy skills for indicators of the ability to use symbols, numbers, and calculate mathematical operations contained in levels 1,4, and 5 questions 44% of students were able to fulfill these indicators. In the indicator of the ability to analyze information from tables, graphs, diagrams, schematics, etc., it was obtained that 57,1% of students were able to solve PISA level 3 questions correctly according to the indicators of numeracy literacy ability. As well as indicators of skills in applying concepts as well as making decisions contained in level 2 and level 6 questions, 42,3% of students were able to meet these indicators. Thus, the overall numeracy literacy ability of class X MIPA-1 students can be categorized as lacking in solving the Program For International Student Assessment (PISA) question

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis

Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US $92 492 million using approach 1 and$73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was $95 004 million using approach 1 and$75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially

Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis

Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US $92 492 million using approach 1 and$73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was $95 004 million using approach 1 and$75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially