EVALUATION OF SOLITARY POLYPOID MASS IN COLORECTAL REGION WITH CLINICAL PATHOLOGICAL CORRELATION.

Objectives: We conducted this research to comprehensively evaluate solitary polypoids in the colorectal place by conducting a clinicopathological correlation. We aimed to determine the medical and pathological characteristics of those masses, their incidence, and the affiliation among clinical findings and histopathological features. Methods: A retrospective evaluation of patients who offered solitary polypoid masses within the colorectal area at Patna in a tertiary care centre. Inclusion criteria encompassed patients with showed colorectal polyps primarily based on endoscopic findings. Biopsy specimens acquired during endoscopic approaches have been subjected to histopathological examination. Statistical evaluation, inclusive of chi-rectangular assessments or logistic regression, is performed as appropriate to determine massive correlations. Results: Among the polyps studied, 60% were identified as adenomatous, 25% as hyperplastic, 10% as serrated, and 5% as inflammatory subtypes. Additionally, 18% of adenomatous polyps exhibited high-grade dysplasia, indicating an accelerated chance of malignancy. A  statistically enormous association between patient age and the chance of adenomatous polyps (p < 0.05), with older patients being more at risk of adenomatous lesions. Conclusion: The prevalence of adenomatous polyps and the presence of high-grade dysplasia among them reaffirm the want for vigilant tracking and intervention. These outcomes contribute to the developing frame of proof helping early detection and tailor-made control strategies for colorectal pathologies, ultimately aiming to enhance patient effects and reduce the weight of colorectal malignancies. Recommendation: More such studies are required and physicians need to take studies into consideration while assessing the symptoms and deriving the diagnosis of the study

HISTOMORPHOLOGICAL SPECTRUM OF ENDOSCOPIC BIOPSIES IN UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL LESIONS- A PROSPECTIVE STUDY.

Objectives: Upper gastrointestinal tract illnesses are among the most typical issues in clinical practice. Many diseases can affect the upper GIT. One of the key components of creating a successful treatment strategy is making a correct diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal problems, which necessitates histological confirmation. Identify the range of upper gastrointestinal tract histopathological lesions and establish endoscopic biopsies as a valuable tool for accurately diagnosing and treating a variety of upper gastrointestinal tract lesions. Materials & Methods:  The endoscopic biopsies of the upper GIT were the subjects of a prospective study, and the histological evaluation took place at the Department of Pathology at a tertiary care center for over a year. Results: 326 endoscopic biopsies from a total of 288 patients were examined. Patients who were men outnumbered patients who were women. A 9-88 age range was noted. There were cases involving the esophagus (18.4%), the GE junction (3.06%), the stomach (57.05%), the neo stomach (GJstoma), and the duodenum (20.85%). 20.24 percent of cases were benign neoplasms, 18.40 percent were malignant neoplasms, and 61.34 percent were non-neoplastic. The most often diagnosed inflammatory lesion, gastritis, was identified by histopathology as having 63 cases (63%), while the majority of the time identified malignant lesion, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, had 19 instances (63.33%). Conclusion: In our study, 31.18% of neoplastic tumors and 69.89% of non-neoplastic lesions were found in the stomach (57%), which was also the most frequently used site for upper GI endoscopic biopsy. The most typical kind of stomach tumor is adenocarcinoma. Endoscopy enables the collection of biopsy samples from previously inaccessible sites without requiring a sizable resection. Recommendation: It is recommended to comprehend the variety of abnormalities that can be seen in these specimens to make the correct diagnosis and provide better patient treatment

Benzimidazole scaffold as dipodal molecular cleft for swift and efficient naked eye fluoride ion recognition via preorganized N-H and aromatic C-H in aqueous media

A series of elegantly designed cleft-like dipodal receptors, N,N'-bis-(5-(un)substituted-1H-benzoimidazol-2-ylalkyl)-isophthal-amides (RA-RD) has been synthesized and characterized for colorimetric detection of fluoride ion in 9:1 DMSO-water. The phenyl ring in the molecular framework of receptors is symmetrically armed with two benzimidazole moieties using amide groups as linkers to yield dipodal receptors, with multiple hydrogen bond donor sites for anion sensing. Anion binding studies, conducted qualitatively and spectroscopically in 9:1 DMSO-water, show that the receptor RC binds fluoride ion exclusively with a detection limit of 1.5 ppm over other anions. UV-visible spectra of receptor RC shows a considerable bathochromic shift of 117 nm from 348 nm to 465 nm upon addition of varying concentrations of fluoride ion (tetrabutylammonium salt). Jobs plot and mass spectroscopic data confirm 1:1 stoichiometric ratio between receptor RC and fluoride ion. 1H NMR titration reveals the presence of hydrogen binding interactions between receptor RC and fluoride ion responsible for naked eye colour change. 19F NMR titration further supports the binding interaction between receptor RC and fluoride ion. The binding constant of receptor RC for fluoride ion is calculated to be 5.59×103 M-1

Elective Total Knee Replacement in a Patient With a Left Ventricular Assist Device-Navigating the Challenges With Spinal Anesthesia.

Elective joint surgery in a patient with a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) may become increasingly common as these devices become entrenched in the management of patients with heart failure. Furthermore, regional techniques may be reasonable anesthetic options in this challenging population. This case conference discusses a spinal anesthetic for an elderly female with an LVAD who presented for an elective left total knee arthroplasty. The expert case commentaries that follow the case discussion further explore the anesthetic issues in light of the existing literature

PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF FISH OIL METHYL ESTER

Limited availability of edible oils prevents it from being used as viable source of Biodiesel.  Low cost and abundantly found fish oil produced from soap stock could be a better option for biodiesel processing. Such type of fish oil contains a higher amount of moisture and FFA and requires a pre-treatment prior to biodiesel production. In this study, refining of raw oil, optimization of process variables of transesterification, qualitative as well as quantitative aspects of fish oil methyl ester (FOME) has been evaluated. With optimized production process, it was found that almost complete conversion of fish oil to methyl ester has taken place. The fuel properties of FOME were found to be in accordance with the ASTM, IS and EN standards

Experiences of sharing results of community based serosurvey with participants in a district of Maharashtra, India.

A growing number of organisations, including medical associations, recommend that research subjects should be given the option of being informed about the general outcome and results of the study. We recently completed a study involving nine serosurveys from 2018 to 2020 in five districts of India among three age groups (children 9 months to < 5 years; 5 to < 15 years of age, and women 15 to < 50 years of age before and after the measles and rubella (MR) vaccination campaigns). In Palghar district of Maharashtra all individuals in 30 selected clusters were enumerated, and 13 individuals per age group were randomly sampled. We established the procedures to return the results to the respondents for each stage of the survey. Of the 1,166 individuals selected for the measles and rubella serosurvey, 971 (83%) agreed to participate and were enrolled. Participants were informed that they will only be contacted if they test seronegative for measles and/or rubella antibodies. Overall, 140 individuals enrolled in the survey tested seronegative for IgG antibodies to measles and/or rubella viruses; were provided the reports and informed to seek medical advice. Upon follow up by phone, 10% (14) of the 140 participants reported to have been vaccinated. In this paper we discuss the procedures, experiences and considerations in returning results to participants in a community-based measles and rubella serosurvey. Although the lessons learned are specific to post measles-rubella vaccine campaign serosurvey in India, they might be helpful to those contemplating sharing results to participants of large scale survey settings

Diagnostic Accuracy of Dried Blood Spots Collected on HemaSpot HF Devices Compared to Venous Blood Specimens To Estimate Measles and Rubella Seroprevalence.

Fingerprick blood spotted onto filter paper offers an alternative to venous blood for use in population-based surveillance because it is comparatively inexpensive, acceptable, and easy to manage in the field. Prior studies have shown excellent agreement for immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody detection from dried blood spots (DBS) and venous blood samples. However, much of this evidence is from high-income settings or laboratories where the samples were unlikely to be exposed to extreme temperatures and humidity, factors known to degrade DBS. We report the diagnostic accuracy of DBS collected using HemaSpot HF devices against venous sera in measuring measles- and rubella-specific IgG antibodies in a household serosurvey conducted in two districts in India. Paired serum and DBS samples collected by fingerprick were collected from women aged 15 to 50 years enrolled in a serosurvey in Palghar District of Maharashtra and Kanpur Nagar District of Uttar Pradesh in India. Specimen quality and volume were assessed in the laboratory. Samples were tested for antimeasles and antirubella IgG antibodies by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (Euroimmun). Sensitivity of antibody detection by DBS was greater than 98%, and specificity was 90% and 98%, for measles and rubella IgG, respectively. Antibody concentrations were strongly correlated between paired specimens with adequate volume (measles R2 = 0.94; rubella R2 = 0.89). Although correlation was poor if DBS specimens had lower volumes, impact on qualitative results was minimal. This study showed DBS collected with HemaSpot HF devices can generate highly accurate results of measles- and rubella-specific IgG compared to sera in community-based surveys when protocols are optimized for DBS specimens. IMPORTANCE Dried blood spot (DBS) collection provides an easy, practical, and acceptable alternative to venous blood collection, especially for community-based studies, provided that results from DBS are accurate. We demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity for measles- and rubella-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) with DBS collected via HemaSpot HF devices compared to serum samples. This is one of the largest community-based diagnostic accuracy studies of measles and rubella antibody testing with DBS and the first application we are aware of using HemaSpot HF device for measles and rubella serology. Results support the use of DBS in community-based serosurveillance

Analytics-based decision-making for service systems: A qualitative study and agenda for future research

While the use of big data tends to add value for business throughout the entire value chain, the integration of big data analytics (BDA) to the decision-making process remains a challenge. This study, based on a systematic literature review, thematic analysis and qualitative interview findings, proposes a set of six-steps to establish both rigor and relevance in the process of analytics-driven decision-making. Our findings illuminate the key steps in this decision process including problem definition, review of past findings, model development, data collection, data analysis as well as actions on insights in the context of service systems. Although findings have been discussed in a sequence of steps, the study identifies them as interdependent and iterative. The proposed six-step analytics-driven decision-making process, practical evidence from service systems, and future research agenda, provide altogether the foundation for future scholarly research and can serve as a step-wise guide for industry practitioners

Improved synthesis of chalcones and pyrazolines under ultrasonic irradiation

351-355 Five 1,3-diarylprop-2-en-1-ones 3a-e are synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation of aryl methyl ketones and 4-chlorobenzaldehyde to give pyrazolines 5a-e by cyclization with phenylhydrazine in gl. acetic acid using ultrasonic irradiation in lesser time with higher yields. All the synthesized compounds are characterized by elemental analyses and spectral data IR, PMR and are screened for their antimicrobial activities. Some of them have shown promising results against E. coli, S. aureus, C. albicans and A. niger. </smarttagtype