An Invitation to Quantum Channels

Open quantum systems have become an active area of research, owing to its potential applications in many different fields ranging from computation to biology. Here, we review the formalism of dynamical maps used to represent the time evolution of open quantum systems and discuss the various representations and properties of the same, with many examples.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figure

An Invitation to Quantum Channels

Open quantum systems have become an active area of research, owing to its potential applications in many different fields ranging from computation to biology. Here, we review the formalism of dynamical maps used to represent the time evolution of open quantum systems and discuss the various representations and properties of the same, with many examples.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figure

Multi-scale Modeling Approach to Acoustic Emission during Plastic Deformation

We address the long standing problem of the origin of acoustic emission commonly observed during plastic deformation. We propose a frame-work to deal with the widely separated time scales of collective dislocation dynamics and elastic degrees of freedom to explain the nature of acoustic emission observed during the Portevin-Le Chatelier effect. The Ananthakrishna model is used as it explains most generic features of the phenomenon. Our results show that while acoustic emission bursts correlated with stress drops are well separated for the type C serrations, these bursts merge to form nearly continuous acoustic signals with overriding bursts for the propagating type A bands.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figure

Economics of Krishik Bandhu Drip Irrigation: An Empirical Analysis

The impact of Krishik Bandhu (KB) drip irrigation has been reported on productivities, incomes and benefit-cost ratios of sugarcane, banana, chilli and cotton in 51 villages of Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh states. The crop productivities, incomes and benefit-cost ratios under drip irrigation method have been found far higher in all the crops and in all the selected regions of these three states compared to those under the conventional flood irrigation method. The KB drip irrigation technology has been found to be far superior than the flood irrigation method.Agricultural and Food Policy,

The oxidation of some organic compounds in insects and mammals

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Engineering the composition, morphology, and optical properties of InAsSb nanostructures via graded growth technique

Graded growth technique is utilized to realize the control over the composition, morphology, and optical properties of self-assembled InAsSb/InGaAs/InP nanostructures. By increasing the initial mole fraction of the Sb precursor during the graded growth of InAsSb, more Sb atoms can be incorporated into the InAsSb nanostructures despite the same Sb mole fraction averaged over the graded growth. This leads to a shape change from dots to dashes/wires for the InAsSb nanostructures. As a result of the composition and morphology change, photoluminescence from the InAsSb nanostructures shows different polarization and temperature characteristics. This work demonstrates a technologically important technique—graded growth, to control the growth and the resultant physical properties of self-assembled semiconductor nanostructures.Financial support from Australian Research Council is gratefully acknowledged

Multiple wavelength InGaAs quantum dot lasers using selective area epitaxy

The authors demonstrate multiple wavelength lasers fabricated from InGaAsquantum dots. Selective area epitaxy is used to grow the active region, consisting of five layer stack of InGaAsquantum dots with different band gapenergies in selected regions of the substrate, for fabrication of the lasers. The mechanism responsible for engineering of the band gap of quantum dots is discussed. The performance of the selectively grown lasers is compared to the lasers fabricated from structures grown in a standard, nonselective area growth process.The Australian Research Council is gratefully acknowledged for financial support