Laboratory and telescope demonstration of the TP3-WFS for the adaptive optics segment of AOLI

AOLI (Adaptive Optics Lucky Imager) is a state-of-art instrument that combines adaptive optics (AO) and lucky imaging (LI) with the objective of obtaining diffraction limited images in visible wavelength at mid- and big-size ground-based telescopes. The key innovation of AOLI is the development and use of the new TP3-WFS (Two Pupil Plane PositionsWavefront Sensor). The TP3-WFS, working in visible band, represents an advance over classical wavefront sensors such as the Shack-Hartmann WFS (SH-WFS) because it can theoretically use fainter natural reference stars, which would ultimately provide better sky coverages to AO instruments using this newer sensor. This paper describes the software, algorithms and procedures that enabled AOLI to become the first astronomical instrument performing real-time adaptive optics corrections in a telescope with this new type of WFS, including the first control-related results at the William Herschel Telescope (WHT)This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy under the projects AYA2011-29024, ESP2014-56869-C2-2-P, ESP2015-69020-C2-2-R and DPI2015-66458-C2-2-R, by project 15345/PI/10 from the Fundación Séneca, by the Spanish Ministry of Education under the grant FPU12/05573, by project ST/K002368/1 from the Science and Technology Facilities Council and by ERDF funds from the European Commission. The results presented in this paper are based on observations made with the William Herschel Telescope operated on the island of La Palma by the Isaac Newton Group in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias. Special thanks go to Lara Monteagudo and Marcos Pellejero for their timely contributions

Clinical and economic implications of epilepsy management across treatment lines in Spain: a real-life database analysis

Antiseizure medications; Drug-resistant epilepsyMedicamentos anticonvulsivos; Epilepsia resistente a los medicamentosMedicaments anticonvulsius; Epilèpsia resistent als fàrmacsBackground Epilepsy is a chronic brain disease characterized by recurrent seizures. We investigated real-world management of epilepsy across treatment lines in Spain, including healthcare resource use (HRU) and associated costs. Methods This was a retrospective study of real-life data from epilepsy patients prescribed antiseizure medication (ASM) between January 2016 and December 2021. Patients were grouped according to their line of treatment (1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th +) during the recruitment period. Demographic and clinical characteristics, comorbidities and concomitant medications were analyzed during the baseline period (6 months before starting treatment line); antiepileptic treatments, concomitant medications, HRU and associated costs were analyzed during follow-up. Results The study included 5006 patients. Treatment duration decreased as treatment lines progressed (mean ± SD progression time: 523.2 ± 279.1 days from 1st to 2nd line, 351.6 ± 194.4 days from 2nd to 3rd line; 272.7 ± 139.3 days from 3rd to 4th + line). Significant HRU differences were found with subsequent treatment lines, including an increase in hospital admissions and patients on sick leave. Mean (95% CI) adjusted total costs per patient were €2974/year (2773–3175) in the 1st line and €5735/year (5043–6428) in the 4th + line. There was an increase in adjusted direct and total costs with subsequent treatment lines; the mean difference in total costs between cohorts was €2761 (p < 0.001). The highest direct costs were associated with epilepsy medication, days at the hospital and specialist visits. Conclusion Our data revealed a progressive increase in the use of resources and associated costs across subsequent epilepsy treatment lines.The study was funded by Angelini Pharma

A novel 1D-FDTD Scheme to Solve the Nonlinear Second-order Thermoviscous Hydrodynamic Model

In this paper, we present a novel and simple Yee Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) scheme to solve numerically the nonlinear second-order thermoviscous Navier–Stokes and the Continuity equations. In their original form, these equations cannot be discretized by using the Yee’s mesh, at least, easily. As it is known, the use of the Yee’s mesh is recommended because it is optimized in order to obtain higher computational performance and remains at the core of many current acoustic FDTD softwares. In order to use the Yee’s mesh, we propose to rewrite the aforementioned equations in a novel form. To achieve this, we will use the substitution corollary. This procedure is novel in the literature. Although the scheme can be extended to more than one dimension, in this paper, we will focus only on the one-dimensional solution because it can be validated with two analytical solutions to the Burgers equation: the Mendousse mono-frequency solution and the Lardner bi-frequency solution. Numerical solutions are excellently consistent with the analytical solution, which demonstrates the effectiveness of our formulation.This work was partially supported by the “Research Programme for Groups of Scientific Excellence at Region of Murcia” of the Seneca Foundation (Agency for Science and Technology of the Region of Murcia, Spain - 19895/GERM/15). María Campo-Valera is grateful for postdoctoral program Margarita Salas - Spanish Ministry of Universities (financed by European Union - NextGenerationEU)

Respuesta del cerezo var “Prime Giant” al riego deficitario: primeros resultados

[ESP] El seguimiento del estado hídrico del suelo y del árbol de manera continuada y en tiempo real mediante el uso de redes de sensores permite la aplicación del riego deficitario controlado en cerezo de forma precisa. Durante el primer año de ensayo, los tratamientos de riego deficitario controlado (RDC100-55) y sostenido (RDS85) supusieron un ahorro de agua respecto al tratamiento control (CTL), regado al 110% de la ETcg, del 41% (2812 m3·ha-1) y 23% (1612 m3·ha-1) respectivamente. Este ahorro de agua no dio lugar a potenciales hídricos de tallo a mediodía inferiores a -0,7 y -1,5MPa en pre y poscosecha, respectivamente y no causó diferencias entre tratamientos ni en producción ni en el peso unitario de las cerezas. [ENG] Monitoring soil and tree water status continuously and in real time using sensor networks allowed regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) management in sweet cherry trees. Two deficit treatments were imposed, regulated deficit irrigation RDC100-55 and sustained deficit irrigation RDS85, they saved 41% (2812 m3·ha-1) and 23% (1612 m3·ha-1) of the water amount applied during the first year of work compared to control treatment, CTL, watered to 110% of the ETcg. These savings did not cause midday stem water potentials lower than -0.7 and -1.5MPa during pre and postharvest, respectively. Moreover, there were no differences in production or per cherry unitary weight between treatments.Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Telecomunicación (ETSIT), Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica (ETSIA), Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial (ETSII), Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura y Edificación (ETSAE), Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Caminos, Canales y Puertos y de Ingeniería de Minas (ETSICCPIM), Facultad de Ciencias de la Empresa (FCCE), Parque Tecnológico de Fuente Álamo (PTFA), Vicerrectorado de Estudiantes y Extensión de la UPCT, Vicerrectorado de Investigación e Innovación de la UPCT, y Vicerrectorado de Internacionalización y Cooperación al Desarrollo de la UPCT

Enolase in the intestinal helminth infections: the case of the echinostoma caproni-mice model

Comunicaciones a congreso

Household food insecurity in Brazilian adolescents : a validation study

Objetivo: os objetivos do trabalho foram avaliar a validade interna e a capacidade preditiva da escala de segurança alimentar de seis itens aplicada a adolescentes. Métodos: foi um estudo transversal com amostra representativa de adolescentes brasileiros (N=14.690), realizado em escolas públicas e privadas nas 26 capitais de estados brasileiros e no Distrito Federal por meio de questionário online. Resultados: a maior parte dos respondentes era do sexo feminino (53,2%), com idade média de 14,4 anos, sendo 72,7% de escolas públicas. O comportamento da escala, observado pelo modelo de Rasch, foi melhor sem o item cinco, apresentando valores ótimos de Infit e nível de severidade crescente entre os itens. O alfa de Cronbach foi 0,77, e as análises do funcionamento diferencial dos itens mostraram comportamento dos itens semelhante entre os subgrupos avaliados. A análise fatorial mostrou a unidimensionalidade do instrumento. Conclusão: foi proposta a retirada do item cinco e novos pontos de corte para a escala curta de segurança alimentar. A escala curta de segurança alimentar é válida e confiável para mensurar insegurança alimentar domiciliar entre adolescentes brasileiros.Objective: the objective of this study was to evaluate the internal and predictive validity of a six-item household food insecurity scale to measure food insecurity in Brazilian adolescents. Methods: a cross-sectional study with a representative sample of Brazilian adolescents (N=14,690) was conducted in public and private schools in 26 state capitals and in the Federal District of Brazil using an online questionnaire. Results: most respondents were female (53.2%) with mean age of 14.4 years, and 72.7% of them attended public schools. The psychometric properties of the scale, assessed using the Rasch model, showed better response rates without the item five, exhibiting optimal Infit statistics and an increasing level of severity among the items. Cronbach's á was 0.767. Differential item functioning analyses showed similar behavior between the items in the subgroups evaluated. Factor analysis confirmed the unidimensionality of the scale. Conclusion: this study proposes the removal of the item five and the inclusion of new cut-off points for this short form of the scale. The Household Food Security Scale (short form) is valid and reliable to measure household food insecurity in Brazilian adolescents

Kinetics of echinostoma caproni (trematoda: echinostomatidae) antigens in feces and serum of experimentally infected hamsters and rats

This study reports on the kinetics of antibody production to Echinostoma caproni and the dynamics of antigens in feces and sera in 2 experimental hosts (hamsters and rats) that display different degrees of susceptibility with this echinostome. Echinostoma caproni produced chronic infections in hamsters, whereas rats lost the infection at 49–56 days postinfection (DPI). Hamsters developed higher antibody responses than rats, probably in relation to different intestinal absorptions of worm antigens in each host species. The levels of coproantigens were indicative of the course of infection in each host. Positive coproantigen levels were detected at 1–2 DPI in both hosts, and the values remained positive until the end of the experiment in hamsters; in rats, the coproantigen levels reverted to negative values, coinciding with the loss of infection. High levels of circulating antigens were detected in hamsters from 21 DPI to the end of the study. In contrast, low levels of E. caproni seroantigens were detected in rats only. These observations may reflect the differences in local inflammatory responses induced by E. caproni in each host species.Toledo Navarro, Rafael, [email protected] ; Espert Fernandez, Ana M., [email protected] ; Marcilla Diaz, Antonio, [email protected] ; Esteban Sanchis, Jose Guillermo, [email protected]

Canine eruption disorders in secondary health care patients in the municipality of Santa Clara

Background: canines are important from the point of view of aesthetics, occlusion and mandibular movements, however, they have a high percentage of eruption disorders described in the literature, especially in mixed dentition. Objective: to characterize patients with canine eruption disorders in secondary health care in the municipality of Santa Clara, province of Villa Clara, from January 2021 to November 2022. Methods: a descriptive, observational, retrospective, cross-sectional research was carried out in a universe of 44 patients aged between 10 and 34 years, admitted to the orthodontic consultation in Santa Clara, in the period defined above. The variables studied included sex, age, skin color, location, causes, types of eruption disorder and treatment chosen. Results: canine eruption disorders were observed in females (70.1 %) and in patients aged 10-17 years (81.8 %), 88.6 % were white. Regarding the location of the canine, the most affected was vestibular (76.4 % of the total). The main cause was found to be negative bone-tooth discrepancy (63,6 %). The most frequent type of treatment applied was orthodontic-surgical treatment, in 38 subjects who had retained canines. Conclusions: variables of patients with canine eruption disorders were characterized in secondary health care in the municipality of Santa Clara

Euclid: una misión espacial con participación de la UPCT

La Agencia Espacial Europea aprobó en octubre de 2011 la misión científica Euclid dentro del programa Cosmic Vision 2015-2025. El objetivo de esta misión es medir parámetros relativos a la energía y materia oscura del universo con una precisión sin precedentes. Para ello,el satélite Euclid estará equipado con un telescopiode 1.2 metros y dos instrumentos: El instrumento VIS(VisibleImager) y el instrumento NISP (Near-Infrared Spectrometer Photometer). La Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena junto con el Institutode Astrofísica de Canarias son responsables del diseño, construcción y validación de la electrónica de control del instrumento NISP.Plan Nacional de I+D+

The control unit of the near infrared spectrograph of the Euclid space mission: detailed design

The Near Infrared Spectrograph and Photometer (NISP) is one of the instruments on board the ESA EUCLID mission. The Universidad Polit´ecnica de Cartagena and Instituto de Astrof´ısica de Canarias are responsible of the Instrument Control Unit of the NISP (NI-ICU) in the Euclid Consortium. The NI-ICU hardware is developed by CRISA (Airbus Defence and Space), and its main functions are: communication with the S/C and the Data Processing Unit, control of the Filter and Grism Wheels, control of the Calibration Unit and thermal control of the instrument. This paper presents the NI-ICU status of definition and design at the end of the detailed design phase. © (2016) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.The authors want to acknowledge the contributions provided by the NISP system team of the Euclid Consortium to this work. This work has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy under the projects ESP2013-48362-C2-2-P, ESP2014-56869-C2-2-P and ESP2015-69020-C2-2-R, as well as by ERDF funds from the European Commission