Eficiência da punção aspirativa por agulha fina no diagnóstico das condições da tireóide

Introducción: en el Hospital General Docente “Dr. Agostinho Neto” no se han precisado los resultados de la punción por aspiración con aguja fina (PAAF) en el diagnóstico de las enfermedades de la glándula tiroides.Objetivo: precisar los resultados de la punción por aspiración con aguja fina para el diagnóstico de las enfermedades de la glándula tiroides en el servicio de Cirugía General del Hospital General Docente “Dr. Agostinho Neto” de Guantánamo durante los años 2016-2018.Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo y longitudinal. Se estudiaron las siguientes variables: diagnóstico de la enfermedad tiroidea mediante ecografía y clasificación del TIRADS (Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System), punción por aspiración con aguja fina y biopsia por parafina.Resultados: la sensibilidad (70,0 % IC 95 % 54,6-85,5) y la especificidad (75,0 % IC 95 % 58,4-91,6) de la PAAF, así como el valor predictivo positivo (77,8 % IC 95 % 62,8-92,8) y negativo (66,7 % IC 95 % 49,9-83,5) fue limitado.Conclusiones: se aprecia discrepancias entre los diagnósticos identificados mediante la punción por aspiración con aguja fina, lo que expresó que en el contexto territorial esta mostró limitaciones para el diagnóstico de la enfermedad tiroidea.Introduction: in the General Teaching Hospital “Dr. Agostinho Neto” the results of fine needle aspiration puncture in the diagnosis of diseases of the thyroid gland have not been specified.Objective: to specify the results of fine needle aspiration puncture for the diagnosis of diseases of the thyroid gland in the General Surgery service of the General Teaching Hospital “Dr. Agostinho Neto” from Guantanamo during the years 2016-2018.Method: a descriptive, prospective and longitudinal study was carried out. The following variables were studied: diagnosis of thyroid disease by ultrasound and classification of TIRADS (Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System), fine needle aspiration puncture (FNA) and paraffin biopsy.Results: the sensitivity (70.0% 95% CI 54.6-85.5) and the specificity (75.0% 95% CI 58.4-91.6) of the FNA, as well as the positive predictive value (77.8% 95% CI 62.8-92.8) and negative (66.7% 95% CI 49.9-83.5) was limited.Conclusions: discrepancies can be seen between the diagnoses identified by fine needle aspiration puncture, which expressed that in the territorial context this showed limitations for the diagnosis of thyroid disease.Introdução: no Hospital Geral de Ensino “Dr. Agostinho Neto” não foram especificados os resultados da punção aspirativa por agulha fina no diagnóstico de doenças da glândula tireóide.Objetivo: especificar os resultados da punção aspirativa por agulha fina para o diagnóstico de doenças da glândula tireóide no serviço de Cirurgia Geral do Hospital Geral de Ensino “Dr. Agostinho Neto” de Guantánamo durante os anos de 2016 a 2018.Método: estudo descritivo, prospectivo e longitudinal. As seguintes variáveis foram estudadas: diagnóstico da doença da tireoide por ultrassonografia e classificação do TIRADS (Sistema de Comunicação e Dados de Imagem da Tireóide), punção aspirativa por agulha fina (PAAF) e biópsia de parafina.Resultados: a sensibilidade (70,0% IC 95% 54,6-85,5) e a especificidade (75,0% IC 95% 58,4-91,6) da PAAF, bem como o valor preditivo positivo (77,8% IC 95% 62,8-92,8) e negativo (66,7% IC 95% 49,9-83,5) foi limitado.Conclusões: podem ser observadas discrepâncias entre os diagnósticos identificados pela punção aspirativa por agulha fina, os quais expressaram que no contexto territorial isso mostrou limitações para o diagnóstico de doença da tireóide

Evidences of changes in surface electrostatic charge distribution during stabilization of HPV16 virus-like particles

17 págs.; 6 figs. ; Open Access funded by Creative Commons Atribution Licence 4.0The stabilization of human papillomavirus type 16 virus-like particles has been examined by means of different techniques including dynamic and static light scattering, transmission electron microscopy and electrophoretic mobility. All these techniques provide different and often complementary perspectives about the aggregation process and generation of stabilized virus-like particles after a period of time of 48 hours at a temperature of 298 K. Interestingly, static light scattering results point towards a clear colloidal instability in the initial systems, as suggested by a negative value of the second virial coefficient. This is likely related to small repulsive electrostatic interactions among the particles, and in agreement with relatively small absolute values of the electrophoretic mobility and, hence, of the net surface charges. At this initial stage the small repulsive interactions are not able to compensate binding interactions, which tend to aggregate the particles. As time proceeds, an increase of the size of the particles is accompanied by strong increases, in absolute values, of the electrophoretic mobility and net surface charge, suggesting enhanced repulsive electrostatic interactions and, consequently, a stabilized colloidal system. These results show that electrophoretic mobility is a useful methodology that can be applied to screen the stabilization factors for virus-like particles during vaccine development.This research work was supported by Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO), Project MAT2012-36341, and by the CSIC, Project PIE201360E097. Sino Biological, Inc., provided support in the form of salaries for author YW, but did not have any additional role, such as in the study design or data collection.Peer Reviewe

CONTROLADOR ROBUSTO QFT DE TEMPERATURA EN TIEMPO REAL

Se presenta el diseño de un controlador robusto basado en la técnica QFT para el control de la temperatura interna de un horno eléctrico, que permita estabilidad robusta con base en el margen de ganancia y margen de fase, y rechazo de perturbaciones a la salida del sistema. Se implementó un sistema de adquisición de datos en tiempo real para capturar la variable de temperatura y variar la potencia promedio aplicada a la resistencia de calefacción, en función de la señal de control. El controlador basado en la teoría de realimentación cuantitativa se validó respecto un controlador PID a partir de índices de desempeño y respuesta transitoria, ante cambios en el punto de operación y perturbaciones de carga en la salida de la planta de temperatura

Genotype interaction by production level in the genetic evaluation of European Swiss cattle in Mexico

Genetic improvement programs include herds that differ in factors such as climate, nutrition, management conditions, among others, which is reflected in the productive level of the animals. The objective of this study was to determine the magnitude of the genotype interaction by production level (PGI) for weight at 365 days of age (BP) in European Swiss bovine recorded in Mexico. In total, 12,928 PA records of animals born in the period 1988 to 2011 were used, with a pedigree of 27,844 animals. The information was provided by the Mexican Association of Swiss Cattle Breeders Registry. Three environments were defined according to the phenotypic average of PA of the contemporary group: low (n = 3,993), medium (n = 5,164) and high (n = 3,771). The components of variance were obtained using an animal model and with the ASReml software, in which each environment was defined as a different characteristic (bivariate analyzes). The model included the fixed effect of the contemporary group and the direct additive genetic effect as random. The estimated heritability varied between 0.09 and 0.23 across the different pairs of environments. The estimated genetic correlations were 0.45, 0.14, and 0.68 for low vs. medium, low vs. high, and medium vs. high, respectively. The presence of PGI in this study suggests heterogeneity of variances between defined environments. The genetic correlation values obtained indicate the presence of the genotype interaction by level of production for the weight per year of the population of Swiss European cattle, so this effect should be considered in future genetic evaluations

Comparación de ecuaciones para ajustar curvas de crecimiento de vacas Holstein, Jersey y Jersey x Holstein en pastoreo

The objective of the study was to compare the goodness of fit of four nonlinear equations to describe the growth curves of Jersey, Holstein, and Jersey x Holstein cows in grazing. The Brody, Gompertz, von Bertalanffy, and Logistic equations were fitted to the data (n= 2,315) on weight and age of Jersey (n= 54), Holstein (n= 6) and Jersey x Holstein (n= 30) cows. For each animal, genotype and equation, the parameters A, b and k that generated the best-fit growth curves were estimated. In each of the four equations compared, parameter A corresponds to the upper asymptote of the curve and estimates the ‘mature weight’ of the animal, parameters b and k represent the integration constant and the maturation rate. For the growth curves of Jersey cows and Jersey x Holstein crosses, the Gompertz and von Bertalanffy equations produced the best fit. In contrast, the Logistic equation had the best fit for the growth curves of Holstein, followed closely by the Gompertz and von Bertalanffy equations. Under the management and feeding conditions of the animals in this study, the growth curves of the females of the three genotypes studied can be fitted with the von Bertalanffy equation.El objetivo del estudio fue comparar la bondad de ajuste de cuatro ecuaciones no lineales para describir las curvas de crecimiento de vacas Jersey, Holstein, y Jersey x Holstein en pastoreo. Las ecuaciones de Brody, Gompertz, von Bertalanffy, y Logística se ajustaron a los datos (n= 2,315) de peso y edad de vacas Jersey (n= 54), Holstein (n= 6) y Jersey x Holstein (n= 30). Para cada animal, genotipo y ecuación, se estimaron los parámetros A, b y k que produjeron las curvas de crecimiento de mejor ajuste. En cada una de las cuatro ecuaciones comparadas, el parámetro A corresponde a la asíntota superior de la curva y estima el ‘peso maduro’ del animal, los parámetros b y k representan la constante de integración y la tasa de maduración. Para las curvas de crecimiento de las vacas Jersey y las cruzas de Jersey x Holstein, las ecuaciones de Gompertz y de von Bertalanffy produjeron el mejor ajuste. En contraste, la ecuación Logística tuvo el mejor ajuste para las curvas de crecimiento de Holstein, seguida muy de cerca por las ecuaciones de Gompertz y von Bertalanffy. En las condiciones de manejo y alimentación de los animales en este estudio, las curvas de crecimiento de las hembras de los tres genotipos estudiados pueden ajustarse con la ecuación de von Bertalanffy

Reactivity of chlorodimethylsilyl-η5-cyclopentadienyltrichlorotitanium\ud with nitrogen based donors. X-ray molecular structure of\ud [Ti{η5-C5H4SiMe2[η1-N(2,6-Me2C6H3)]}Cl2]

This paper reports the reactivity of [Ti(η5-C5H4SiMe2Cl)Cl3], 1 towards nitrogen based donor reagents. Complex 1 reacts with lithium benzamidinato Li[PhC(NSiMe3)2] to afford [Ti(η5-C5H4SiMe2Cl){PhC(NSiMe3)2}Cl2] 2 and with lithium amide LiNMe2 to produce [Ti(η5-C5H4SiMe2NMe2)(NMe2)3] 3. The latter compound was converted into the dihalide derivatives [Ti(η5-C5H4SiMe2NMe2)(NMe2)X2] [X=Cl (4) and Br (5)] by reaction with SiMe3X (X=Cl or Br, respectively). The constrained geometry derivatives [Ti{η5-C5H4SiMe2(η1-NR)}Cl2] (R=C6H56, 2,6-Me2C6H37 and 2-Me-6-iPr-C6H38) have been synthesized by treatment of 1 with the corresponding primary aryl amines H2NR. Complex 7 was readily converted into the dialkyl and diamido compounds [Ti{η5-C5H4SiMe2[η1-N(C6H3Me2)]}X2] (X=Me (9), CH2Ph (10), CH2SiMe3 (11) or NMe2 (13)) by metathesis using Grignard or organolithium reagents and into the monoalkyl derivative [Ti{η5-C5H4SiMe2[η1-N(C6H3Me2)]}MeCl] (12) by reaction with AlMe3. The molecular structure of complex 7 [Ti{(η5-C5H4SiMe2[η1-N(2,6-Me2C6H3)]}Cl2] was established by X-ray crystallography.We are grateful to the DGICYT (Project PB-92-0178-C) and University of Alcalá for financial support of this research

Caracterización de la fase upstream de la cadena de valor y abastecimiento de la agroindustria de la palma de aceite en colombia

Este artículo proporciona una descripción de la fase upstream de la cadena agroindustrial de la palma de aceite. El trabajo caracteriza la funcionalidad y relaciones de eslabones y escalones de la cadena de abastecimiento y de valor de la cadena en Colombia. El trabajo representa un esfuerzo pionero que busca contribuir a mejorar la eficiencia y eficacia del sector palmero colombiano

Tratamento cirúrgico dos tumores da tiróide no Hospital Geral de Ensino "Dr. Agostinho Neto", Guantánamo 2016-2018

Introduction: Guantanamo does not specify the surgical treatment of patients with thyroid tumors.Objective: to specify the surgical treatment of patients with thyroid nodules in the General Surgery Department of the General Teaching Hospital "Dr. Agostinho Neto "during the period 2016-2018.Method: a descriptive, prospective and longitudinal study was made. The results of the paraffin biopsy, TIRADS classification (ThyroidImaging Reporting and Data System), surgical techniques and postoperative complications were studied.Results: thyroid carcinoma was more frequent (52.8%). 29.1% of the patients were grouped in the TIRADS II category. In the TIRADS III category, multinodular goiter was more common (n=6); in TIRADS IV, the carcinoma (n=4); all patients in categories V and VI presented carcinomas. The most used technique was hemithyroidectomy with itsmectomy (47.2%). Complications were recorded in 7 patients and the most common was transient recurrent paralysis.Conclusions: Thyroid carcinoma was more frequent. The usefulness of the TIRADS classification for the management of these patients is revealed. It was under the registry of complications.Introducción: en Guantánamo no está precisado el tratamiento quirúrgico de los pacientes con tumores del tiroides.Objetivo: precisar el tratamiento quirúrgico de los pacientes con nódulo tiroideo en el Servicio de Cirugía General del Hospital “Dr. Agostinho Neto” durante el 2016-2018.Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo y longitudinal. Se analizó: el resultado de la biopsia por parafina, clasificación del TIRADS (Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System), técnicas quirúrgicas y complicaciones posoperatorias.Resultados: fue más frecuente el carcinoma tiroideo (52,8 %). El 29,1 % de los pacientes se agrupó en la categoría TIRADS II. En la categoría TIRADS III fue más común el bocio multinodular (n=6); en la TIRADS IV, el carcinoma (n = 4); todos los pacientes en las categorías V y VI presentaron carcinomas. La técnica más empleada fue la hemitiroidectomía con itsmectomía (47,2 %). Se registraron complicaciones en 7 pacientes y la más común fue la parálisis recurrencial transitoria.Conclusiones: fue más frecuente el carcinoma del tiroides. Se revela la utilidad de la clasificación TIRADS para el manejo de estos pacientes. Fue bajo el registro de complicaciones.Introdução: Guantánamo não especifica o tratamento cirúrgico de pacientes com tumores da tireoide.Objetivo: especificar o tratamento cirúrgico de pacientes com nódulos tireoidianos no Departamento de Cirurgia Geral do Hospital Universitário "Dr. Agostinho Neto "durante o período 2016-2018.Método: estudo descritivo, prospectivo e longitudinal. Foram estudados os resultados da biópsia de parafina, classificação TIRADS (ThyroidImaging Reporting and Data System), técnicas cirúrgicas e complicações pós-operatórias.Resultados: o carcinoma de tireoide foi mais frequente (52,8%). 29,1% dos pacientes foram agrupados na categoria TIRADS II. Na categoria TIRADS III, o bócio multinodular foi mais comum (n=6); no TIRADS IV, o carcinoma (n=4); Todos os pacientes das categorias V e VI apresentaram carcinomas. A técnica mais utilizada foi a hemitireoidectomia com sua mectomia (47,2%). As complicações foram registradas em sete pacientes e a mais comum foi a paralisia transitória recorrente.Conclusões: o carcinoma de tireoide foi mais frequente. A utilidade da classificação do TIRADS para o manejo desses pacientes é revelada. Foi sob o registro de complicações

3D architecture of DNA Pol α reveals the functional core of multi-subunit replicative polymerases

Eukaryotic DNA replication requires the coordinated activity of the multi-subunit DNA polymerases: Pol α, Pol δ and Pol ɛ. The conserved catalytic and regulatory B subunits associate in a constitutive heterodimer that represents the functional core of all three replicative polymerases. Here, we combine X-ray crystallography and electron microscopy (EM) to describe subunit interaction and 3D architecture of heterodimeric yeast Pol α. The crystal structure of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of the catalytic subunit bound to the B subunit illustrates a conserved mechanism of accessory factor recruitment by replicative polymerases. The EM reconstructions of Pol α reveal a bilobal shape with separate catalytic and regulatory modules. Docking of the B–CTD complex in the EM reconstruction shows that the B subunit is tethered to the polymerase domain through a structured but flexible linker. Our combined findings provide a structural template for the common functional architecture of the three major replicative DNA polymerases