Bilateral thalamic stroke due to occlusion of the artery of Percheron in a patient with patent foramen ovale: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Bilateral thalamic infarcts are rare presentations of stroke. They are the result of a complex combination of risk factors and a predisposing vessel distribution. The artery of Percheron, characterized by a single arterial trunk that irrigates both paramedian thalamic regions, can be occluded as a result of embolic diseases leading to bilateral paramedian thalamic infarcts. Clinical and image findings of this uncommon form of posterior circulation infarct are presented along with their anatomic and pathophysiologic correlates.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>A 27-year-old Mexican man with no relevant medical history was admitted to hospital after he was found deeply stuporous. On admission, an urgent neuroimaging protocol for stroke, including magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance imaging angiography, was performed. The scans revealed symmetric bilateral hyperintense paramedian thalamic lesions consistent with acute ischemic events. The posterior circulation was patent including the tip of the basilar artery and both posterior cerebral arteries, making the case compatible with occlusion of the artery of Percheron. Further evaluation with an aim to define the etiology revealed a patent foramen ovale as the cause of embolism.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Bilateral thalamic infarcts are unusual presentations of posterior circulation stroke; once they are diagnosed by an adequate neuroimaging protocol, a further evaluation to define the cause is necessary. Cardioembolism should always be considered in relatively young patients. A complete evaluation should be conducted by an interdisciplinary team including neurologists, cardiologists and neurosurgeons.</p

Molino pulverizador dual

This project is based on an improvement to be made in the hammer mills used in the industry. After analyzing and seeing how tedious it is to constantly change sieves to obtain two different grain sizes, we devised a way to obtain the same result without doing any type of clearing, using a system of gates that allow the passage of the crushed product. made one sieve or another.Este proyecto se fundamenta en una mejora a realizar en los molinos de martillo utilizados en la industria. Luego de analizar y ver lo tedioso que es realizar constantemente el cambio de cribas para obtener dos diferentes tamaños de grano, ideamos la forma de obtener el mismo resultado sin hacer ningún tipo de desmonte, utilizando un sistema de compuertas que permitan el paso del producto triturado hacía una criba u otra.&nbsp

Multiresolution internal template cleaning: an application to the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe 7-yr polarization data

The cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation data obtained by different experiments contain, besides the desired signal, a superposition of microwave sky contributions. Using a wavelet decomposition on the sphere, we present a fast and robust method to recover the CMB signal from microwave maps. We present an application to the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) polarization data, which shows its good performance, particularly in very polluted regions of the sky. The applied wavelet has the advantages that it requires little computational time in its calculations, it is adapted to the HEALPIX pixelization scheme and it offers the possibility of multiresolution analysis. The decomposition is implemented as part of a fully internal template fitting method, minimizing the variance of the resulting map at each scale. Using a χ2 characterization of the noise, we find that the residuals of the cleaned maps are compatible with those expected from the instrumental noise. The maps are also comparable to those obtained from the WMAP team, but in our case we do not make use of external data sets. In addition, at low resolution, our cleaned maps present a lower level of noise. The E-mode power spectrum [fórmula] is computed at high and low resolutions, and a cross-power spectrum [fórmula] is also calculated from the foreground reduced maps of temperature given by WMAP and our cleaned maps of polarization at high resolution. These spectra are consistent with the power spectra supplied by the WMAP team. We detect the E-mode acoustic peak at ℓ∼ 400, as predicted by the standard ΛCDM model. The B-mode power spectrum [fórmula] is compatible with zero.We acknowledge partial financial support from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación through projects AYA2010-21766-C03-01 and Consolider-Ingenio 2010 CSD2010-00064. RFC is grateful for financial support from Spanish CSIC for a JAE-predoc fellowship. PV is grateful for financial support from the Ramón y Cajal program. We are grateful for the computer resources, technical expertise and assistance provided by the Spanish Supercomputing Network (RES) node at the University of Cantabria.We are grateful for the use of LAMBDA and the assistance provided by Benjamin Gold by e-mail. The HEALPIX package was used throughout the data analysis (G´orski et al. 2005)

Planck constraints on the tensor-to-scalar ratio

We present constraints on the tensor-to-scalar ratio r using Planck data. We use the latest release of Planck maps, processed with the NPIPE code, which produces calibrated frequency maps in temperature and polarisation for all Planck channels from 30 GHz to 857 GHz using the same pipeline. We computed constraints on r using the BB angular power spectrum, and we also discuss constraints coming from the TT spectrum. Given Planck?s noise level, the TT spectrum gives constraints on r that are cosmic-variance limited (with ?r?=?0.093), but we show that the marginalised posterior peaks towards negative values of r at about the 1.2? level. We derived Planck constraints using the BB power spectrum at both large angular scales (the ?reionisation bump?) and intermediate angular scales (the ?recombination bump?) from ? = 2 to 150 and find a stronger constraint than that from TT, with ?r?=?0.069. The Planck BB spectrum shows no systematic bias and is compatible with zero, given both the statistical noise and the systematic uncertainties. The likelihood analysis using B modes yields the constraint r<?0.158 at 95% confidence using more than 50% of the sky. This upper limit tightens to r<?0.069 when Planck EE, BB, and EB power spectra are combined consistently, and it tightens further to r<?0.056 when the Planck TT power spectrum is included in the combination. Finally, combining Planck with BICEP2/Keck 2015 data yields an upper limit of r<?0.044.Planck is a project of the European Space Agency (ESA) with instruments provided by two scientific consortia funded by ESA member states and led by Principal Investigators from France and Italy, telescope reflectors provided through a collaboration between ESA and a scientific consortium led and funded by Denmark, and additional contributions from NASA (USA). Some of the results in this paper have been derived using the HEALPix package. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We gratefully acknowledge support from the CNRS/IN2P3 Computing Center for providing computing and data-processing resources needed for this work

Radial derivatives as a test of pre-big bang events on the Planck data

Although the search for azimuthal patterns in cosmological surveys is useful to characterize some effects depending exclusively on an angular distance within the standard model, they are considered as a key distinguishing feature of some exotic scenarios, such as bubble collisions or conformal cyclic cosmology (CCC). In particular, the CCC is a non-stardard framework that predicts circular patterns on the cosmic microwave background intensity fluctuations. Motivated by some previous works that explore the presence of radial gradients, we apply a methodology based on the radial derivatives to the latest release of Planck data. The new approach allows exhaustive studies to be performed at all-sky directions at a HEALPIX resolution of Nside = 1024. Specifically, two different analyses are performed focusing on weight functions in both small (up to a 5-deg radius) and large scales. We present a comparison between our results and those shown by An, Meissner & Nurowski (2017) and An et al. (2018). In addition, a possible polarization counterpart of these circular patterns is also analysed for the most promising case. Taking into account the limitations to characterize the significance of the results, including the possibility of suffering a look-elsewhere effect, no strong evidence of the kind of circular patterns expected from CCC is found in the Planck data for either the small or the large scales.The authors would like to thank Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigacion (AEI, MICIU) for the financial support provided under ´the projects with references ESP2017-83921-C2-1-R and AYA2017-90675-REDC, co-funded with European Union ‘Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional’ (EU FEDER) funds, and also acknowledge the funding from Unidad de Excelencia Mar´ıa de Maeztu (MDM 2017-0765). AM-C acknowledges the postdoctoral contract from the University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU ‘Especializacion´ de personal investigador doctor’ program, and the financial Support from the Spanish Ministry MINECO, MCIU/AEI/FEDER grant (PGC2018-094626-B-C21), the Basque Government grant (IT979-16). This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility operated under Contract No. DEAC02-05CH11231

Using CMB polarization to constrain the anomalous nature of the Cold Spot with an incomplete-sky coverage

Recent results of the ESA Planck satellite have confirmed the existence of some anomalies in the statistical distribution of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies. One of the most intriguing anomalies is the cold spot, first detected in the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) data by Vielva et al. In a later paper, Vielva et al. (2011) developed a method to probe the anomalous nature of the cold spot by using the cross-correlation of temperature and polarization of the CMB fluctuations. Whereas this work was built under the assumption of analysing full-sky data, in this paper we extend such approach to deal with realistic data sets with a partial-sky coverage. In particular, we exploit the radial and tangential polarization patterns around temperature spots. We explore the capacity of the method to distinguish between a standard Gaussian CMB scenario and an alternative one, in which the cold spot arises from a physical process that does not present correlated polarization features (e.g. topological defects), as a function of the instrumental-noise level. Moreover, we consider more in detail the case of an ideal noise-free experiment and the ones with the expected instrumental-noise levels in QUIJOTE and Planck experiments. We also present an application to the 9-year WMAP data, without being able to obtain firm conclusions, with a significance level of 32 per cent. In the ideal case, the alternative scenario could be rejected at a significance level of around 1 per cent, whereas for expected noise levels of QUIJOTE and Planck experiments the corresponding significance levels are 1.5 and 7.4 per cent, respectively

A Literature Review on Adolescence and Its Impact on Pubertal Changes

Aim: Puberty and adolescence are stages of life where within adolescence is puberty which will be characterized by a range of age and has its difference in boys and girls and begins with different changes in the body. Material and method: This stage of puberty is determined by the activation of certain axes and by the inhibition of some proteins that will provide the reaction of several body systems to favour the development of pubertal characters, so the objective of this study is to describe the processes involved in puberty and adolescence to improve the prognosis of time and development in the child. Statistics and Result: The descriptive study method was used by means of a bibliographic review of diverse scientific literature, which includes the results of research with different modalities, but all of them related to the subject and which evidences this problem. The results of the study showed that the clinical manifestations are important to know in which stage of puberty the individual is and to be able to delimit if puberty is developing in a normal way or if there is some type of delay or advancement

Embolismo pulmonar

La elevada incidencia, mortalidad y dificultad en el diagnóstico del Embolismo Pulmonar, unido a que las pruebas complementarias disponibles para confirmar el diagnóstico tienen un valor predictivo limitado o son relativamente agresivas, además de los costos que representan, motivó a realizar una revisión sobre el tema con la pretensión de que posibilitara identificar las tendencias actuales más eficientes y eficaces para enfrentar dicho problema, para lo cual se consultaron las fuentes de información en formato electrónico. Se organizó siguiendo un orden lógico, que incluye concepto, factores de riesgo, fisiopatología, diagnóstico, tratamiento y profilaxis, con reflexiones sobre el consenso de criterios al respect

Metal Homeostasis and Exposure in Distinct Phenotypic Subtypes of Insulin Resistance among Children with Obesity

Background: Trace elements and heavy metals have proven pivotal roles in childhood obesity and insulin resistance. However, growing evidence suggests that insulin resistance could encompass distinct phenotypic subtypes. Methods: Herein, we performed a comprehensive metallomics characterization of plasma samples from children and adolescents with obesity and concomitant insulin resistance, who were stratified as early (N = 17, 11.4 ± 2.4 years), middle (N = 16, 11.8 ± 1.9 years), and late (N = 33, 11.7 ± 2.0 years) responders according to the insulin secretion profile in response to an oral glucose tolerance test. To this end, we employed a high-throughput method aimed at determining the biodistribution of various essential and toxic elements by analyzing total metal contents, metal-containing proteins, and labile metal species. Results: Compared with the early responders, participants with delayed glucose-induced hyperinsulinemia showed a worsened insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, 4.5 vs. 3.8) and lipid profile (total cholesterol, 160 vs. 144 mg/dL; LDL-cholesterol, 99 vs. 82 mg/dL), which in turn was accompanied by sharpened disturbances in the levels of plasmatic proteins containing chromium (4.8 vs. 5.1 µg/L), cobalt (0.79 vs. 1.2 µg/L), lead (0.021 vs. 0.025 µg/L), and arsenic (0.077 vs. 0.17 µg/L). A correlation analysis demonstrated a close inter-relationship among these multielemental perturbations and the characteristic metabolic complications occurring in childhood obesity, namely impaired insulin-mediated metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids. Conclusions: These findings highlight the crucial involvement that altered metal homeostasis and exposure may have in regulating insulin signaling, glucose metabolism, and dyslipidemia in childhood obesity.This research was funded by the Spanish Government through Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI22/01899). AGD is supported by an intramural grant from the Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (LII19/16IN-CO24), and RGD is a recipient of a “Miguel Servet” fellowship (CP21/00120) funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III