NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans – anteaters, sloths, and armadillos – have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with 24 domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, ten anteaters, and six sloths. Our dataset includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data-paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the south of the USA, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to its austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n=5,941), and Cyclopes sp. has the fewest (n=240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n=11,588), and the least recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n=33). With regards to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n=962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n=12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other datasets of Neotropical Series which will become available very soon (i.e. Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans dataset

Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362

Efeitos da relação metionina + cistina: lisina sobre os desempenhos produtivo e econômico e a qualidade interna e externa dos ovos antes e após 28 dias de armazenamento Effects of methionine + cystine: lysine ratio on the productive and economic performance and internal and external egg quality, before and 28 days after storage

Avaliou-se o efeito de diferentes relações metionina + cistina (Met+Cis):lisina (Lis) total sobre o desempenho e a qualidade de ovos para poedeiras semipesadas. Foram utilizadas 120 aves da linhagem Lohmann Brown com 44 semanas de idade, alimentadas com rações isonutritivas (17% PB, 2.774 kcal EMAn, 4,28% de Ca e 0,375% Pd) e distribuídas em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições e quatro tratamentos, constituídos da seguinte forma: T1 = relação 0,76 ou 0,70% de Met+Cis e 0,92% de Lis total; T2 = relação 0,83 ou 0,71% de Met+Cis e 0,85% de Lis total; T3 = relação 0,85 ou 0,64% Met+Cis e 0,75% de Lis total; T4 = relação 0,86 ou 0,70% de Met+Cis e 0,81% de Lis total. As variáveis de desempenho e o resultado da análise econômica foram estudadas no período de 44 a 56 semanas de idade das poedeiras. Ao término do experimento, dez ovos por tratamento foram coletados e armazenados por 28 dias para avaliação da qualidade interna e externa dos ovos antes e após a armazenagem. À exceção da massa de ovos, os tratamentos não afetaram o consumo de ração, a produção, o peso, a conversão por massa e por dúzia de ovos e a gravidade específica da casca. A relação Met+Cis: Lis de 0,76 ou a estimativa de 0,70% de Met+Cis total e 0,92% de Lis total podem ser recomendadas para alimentação de poedeiras semipesadas. Concluiu-se que o armazenamento afeta a qualidade interna dos ovos.<br>The effect of different methionine + cystine (Met+Cis):total lysine (Lis) ratios on performance and egg quality for semi-heavily laying hens was evaluated. One hundred and twenty Lohmann Brown hens with 44 weeks old were allotted to a completely randomized design with with five replicates and four treatments, as follows: T1= 0.76 Met+Cys:total Lys ratio or 0.70% of Met+Cys and 0.92% of total Lys; T2 = 0.83 Met+Cys: total Lis ratio or 0.71% of Met+Cys and 0.85% of total Lys; T3 = 0.85 Met+Cys: total Lys ratio or 0.64% of Met+Cys and 0.75% of total Lys; T4 = 0.86 Met+Cys: total Lys ratio or 0.70% of Met+Cys and 0.81% of total Lys. The performance variables and economical analysis were evaluated from 44 to 56 weeks old. At the end of trial, ten eggs per treatment were collected ad stored during 28 days for evaluation of internal/external egg quality before and after storage. With the exception of egg mass, no treatment effect on feed intake, egg production, egg weight and egg:mass ratio and egg:dozen ratio and egg shell specific quality was observed. The Met+Cys:Lys ratio of 0.76 or the estimate of 0.70% of total Met+Cys and 0.92% of total Lys can be recommended for the feeding of semiheavily laying hens. It was concluded that the storage affect internal egg quality