Nivel de información médica sobre diabetes, actitud de los pacientes hacia la enfermedad y su asociación con el nivel de control glucémico

ObjetivoDeterminar el nivel de información y de actitud que sobre su enfermedad tienen pacientes con diabetes tipo 2 (DM2) y su asociación con el nivel de control glucémico.DiseñoEncuesta transversal survey.EmplazamientoDos unidades de medicina familiar.PacientesDoscientos sujetos con DM2.IntervencionesSe aplicaron 2 instrumentos validados para valorar nivel de conocimientos y actitud, y se midió el promedio de las últimas 6 glucemias.Mediciones y resultadosLa calificación global del instrumento de conocimientos fue 58,6 ± 17,9 (escala 0-100). Para el instrumento de actitud fue de 18,9 ± 2,1 (escala 0-35). La calificación de conocimientos del grupo controlado fue de 55,48 ± 16,8, y la del grupo descontrolado de 59,2 ± 18,1. La calificación sobre actitud del grupo controlado fue de 17,8 ± 2,3, y la del grupo descontrolado de 19,1 ± 2 (p = 0,001). El nivel de información proporcionado por el médico familiar fue del 42,9%, por el equipo de salud del 10,2% y por otras fuentes del 6,3%. En cuanto al análisis del grado de actitud y el nivel de información, hubo una mejor actitud cuando la información fue proporcionada por otras fuentes (p < 0,05). Por lo que respecta al porcentaje de información y el control glucémico, el nivel de control fue mejor cuando la información fue proporcionada por el equipo de salud (p < 0,01).ConclusionesEl nivel de información médica sobre diabetes proporcionada por el médico familiar y el equipo de salud es bajo, y sólo en este último caso se asocia a un mejor control glucémico. La actitud es mejor cuando se recibe información sobre diabetes de otras fuentes.ObjectiveTo determine the level of information and attitude that it has more than enough their illness has patient with diabetes type 2 (DM2), and their association with level of glucemic control.DesignCross-sectional.SettingTwo units of family medicine.Patient200 subject with DM2.InterventionsTwo instruments were applied validated to measure, level of knowledge and attitude was measured the average of the last 6 glucaemias.Measurements and resultsThe qualification average of the instrument of knowledge was 58.6 ± 17.9 (it scale 0–100). For the instrument of attitude it was of 18.9 ± 2.1 (it scale 0 at 35). The qualification of knowledge of the controlled group was of 55.48 ± 16.8, and of the uncontrolled group it was of 59.2 ± 18.1. The qualification has more than enough attitude of the controlled group it was of 17.8 ± 2.3, and of the uncontrolled group of 19.1 ± 2, p = 0.001. The proportionate level of information the family doctor was of 42.9%, of the team of health of 10.2% and of other sources of 6.3%. At the analysis of the degree of attitude and the level of information, there was a better attitude when the information was provided by other sources p < 0.05. In the percentage of information and the level of glucemic control, the control level was better when the information was for the team of health p < 0.01.ConclusionsThe level of medical information on diabetes provided by the family doctor and the team of health is low and it doesn't and only this last are associate to better glucemic control. The attitude is better when one receives information of other sources

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Selective enzyme-mediated extraction of capsaicinoids and carotenoids from chili guajillo puya (Capsicum annuum L.) using ethanol as solvent

The selective extraction of capsaicinoids and carotenoids from chili guajillo “puya” flour was studied. When ethanol was used as solvent, 80% of capsaicinoids and 73% of carotenoids were extracted, representing an interesting alternative for the substitution of hexane in industrial processes. Additionally, when the flour was pretreated with enzymes that break the cell wall and then dried, extraction in ethanol increased to 11 and 7% for carotenoid and capsaicinoid, respectively. A selective two-stage extraction process after the treatment with enzymes is proposed. The first step uses 30% (v/v) ethanol and releases up to 60% of the initial capsaicinoids, and the second extraction step with industrial ethanol permits the recovery of 83% of carotenoids present in the flour

Marine reserves help preserve genetic diversity after impacts derived from climate variability: Lessons from the pink abalone in Baja California

Genetic diversity is crucial for the adaptation of exploited species like the pink abalone (Haliotis corrugata), faced with threats from climate change, overfishing and impacts associated with aquaculture production. While marine reserves are commonly used to mitigate risks to marine populations, the duration, size, location and larval connectivity needed for a reserve to help conserve genetic resources is still poorly understood. Here, we examine the effects of fishing, reserves, and restocking on the genetic diversity of 10 populations from central Baja California, Mexico, and Southern California, USA. We demonstrate that each population shows characteristic genetic signatures according to recent management decisions. We found high allelic diversity, particularly rare alleles, a larger effective population size and a lack of a recent genetic bottleneck in pink abalones within a small (0.8 km2), recently established (5 years) reserve in Baja California, compared to other fished sites after a climatic bottleneck. Higher diversity may result from the presence of older animals in the reserve. Due to its location, the reserve may also act as an important hub connecting distant populations via larval dispersal. In contrast, a population from California showed genetic isolation, loss of allelic diversity and high relatedness, consistent with the collapse of fisheries in the 1990s and their lack of recovery thereafter. In addition, a fished area in Baja California with a history of restocking for over a decade showed an increase in frequency of related individuals and high genetic differentiation from nearby sites that were consistent with the production of larvae from a few adults in the laboratory. A network of strategically placed small marine reserves that considers ocean circulation patterns could help to maintain genetic diversity and connectivity of exploited populations

Síndrome hemolítico urémico atípico (SHUa).

Clinical. Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure association. Other organs can be damage like brain, bowel or skin. Tests. Blood smear, Shiga toxin detection, ADAMTS 13 determination, complement determination and secondary thrombotic microangiopathy (autoimmunity, serology, blood clotting…). Progress. Hemolysis remission after eculizumab, although serious renal damage is remained. Diagnosis. Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS). Discussion. Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome is a rare condition characterised by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and renal failure, caused by chronic defective regulation of the complement activation. After eculizumab has been established as first line therapy, the progress and prognosis has remarkably improved.Clínica. Asociación de microangiopatía trombótica (MAT), trombocitopenia y fracaso renal agudo. Se pueden afectar otros órganos como cerebro, intestino o piel. Pruebas. Frotis sanguíneo, detección de toxina Shiga, determinación de actividad ADAMTS 13, determinación del complemento y exclusión de microangiopatías secundarias (autoinmunidad, serologías, coagulación…). Evolución. Remisión de hemólisis tras eculizumab, aunque persiste un deterioro severo de la función renal. Diagnóstico. Síndrome hemolítico urémico atípico (SHUa). Discusión. El síndrome hemolítico es una entidad caracterizada por la tríada trombocitopenia, anemia hemolítica microangiopática y fracaso renal agudo causado por un defecto crónico de la regulación del complemento. Tras la instauración de eculizumab como tratamiento de primera elección, la evolución y pronóstico de este síndrome ha mejorado notablemente

Gestión del desarrollo de actividades académicas y utilización de las TIC por universitarios de Huánuco

The present study aimed to determine the relationship between the management of the development of academic activities and the use of ICT by Huánuco university students. Methods. The study was of a quantitative approach, descriptive type with correlational design, with a sample selected by stratified probabilistic sampling method made up of 245 students from the Faculties of Education, Administration and Nursing of a public university in Huánuco. For data collection, the survey technique was used, the instruments of which were the learning management measurement questionnaire and the questionnaire for measuring the frequency and amplitude of the use of ICT, which were previously validated and reliable. Descriptive analysis was performed and the hypotheses were tested using Pearson's X2 test. The ethical considerations of the research were applied. Results. It was observed that 62.9% (154) of the university students used ICT at the medium level, 22% (54) at the high level and 15.1% (37) at the low level. Regarding the description of the management of the development of academic activities, the majority expressed a regular level [73.1% (179)], 17.1% (42) an optimal level and 9.8% (24] a deficient level. Conclusion. the existence of a relationship between the management of the development of academic activities and the use of ICT, by university students from Huánuco, 2019 (X2 = 178.752 for 4 degrees of freedom and p = 0.000).El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo, determinar la relación entre la gestión del desarrollo de actividades académicas y la utilización de las TIC por universitarios de Huánuco. Métodos. El estudio fue de enfoque cuantitativo, tipo descriptivo con diseño correlacional, con una muestra seleccionada por método de muestreo probabilística estratificada conformada por 245 estudiantes de las Facultades de Educación, Administración y Enfermería de una universidad pública de Huánuco. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó la técnica de encuesta, cuyos instrumentos fueron el cuestionario de medición de la gestión del aprendizaje y el cuestionario de medición de la frecuencia y amplitud del uso de las TIC, los cuales fueron previamente validados y fiabilizados. Se realizó el análisis descriptivo y las hipótesis se comprobaron mediante la prueba X2 de Pearson. Se aplicaron las consideraciones éticas de la investigación. Resultados. Se observó que 62.9% (154) de los estudiantes universitarios, utilizaron las TIC en el nivel medio, 22%(54) en el nivel alto y 15.1%(37) en el nivel bajo. Respecto a la descripción de la gestión del desarrollo de las actividades académicas, la mayoría expresaron un nivel regular [73.1%(179)], 17.1%(42) un nivel óptimo y 9.8%(24] un nivel deficiente. Conclusión. Se determina la existencia de relación entre la gestión del desarrollo de actividades académicas y la utilización de las TIC, por estudiantes universitarios de Huánuco, 2019 (X2=178.752 para 4 grados de libertad y p = 0.000)

Extended WKB method, resonances and supersymmetric radial barriers

Semiclassical approximations are implemented in the calculation of position and width of low energy resonances for radial barriers. The numerical integrations are delimited by t/T<<8, with t the period of a classical particle in the barrier trap and T the resonance lifetime. These energies are used in the construction of `haired' short range potentials as the supersymmetric partners of a given radial barrier. The new potentials could be useful in the study of the transient phenomena which give rise to the Moshinsky's diffraction in time.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures, 3 table

Objective and subjective measures of physical functioning in women with fibromyalgia: what type of measure is associated most clearly with subjective well-being?

To find modifiable factors that are related to subjective well-being would be valuable for improving interventions in fibromyalgia. Physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and physical fitness may represent potential areas to optimize treatment regimens. In fibromyalgia, there is a discordance between clinical observations and patient-reported outcomes (objective and subjective assessments). Therefore, the present study aims at analyzing the associations of objective and subjective evaluations of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and physical fitness with subjective well-being and determine if and how objective and subjective associations differ In the most conservative multivariate analysis, we found independent associations of the objective measures of physical activity with positive affect and life satisfaction and sedentary behaviour with positive affect. No such relationship was seen with subjective measures of the same behaviours. Moreover, we observed that objective and subjective physical fitness evaluations were independent of each other related to subjective well-being. Independent associations of the objectivemeasures (but not the subjective assessments) of physical activity with positive affect and life satisfaction, and of sedentary behaviour with positive affect were observed. However, objective measures and subjective appraisals of physical fitness appear to be independently related to well-being,which should be consideredwhen developing physical exercise interventions for fibromyalgiaThis work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [I+D+i DEP2010-15639, I+D+I DEP2013- 40908, and BES-2014–067612]; the Spanish Ministry of Education [FPU15/00002]. This study has been partially funded by the University of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigación 2016, Excellence actions: Units of Excellence; Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES), and by the Junta de Andalucía, Consejería de Conocimiento, Investigación y Universidades and European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), ref. SOMM17/6107/ UGR. This research was supported (in part) by the Intramural Research program of the NIH, National Institute of Nursing Research

Feasibility and effects of an exercise-based intervention in prison inmates with psychiatric disorders: the PsychiActive project randomized controlled trial

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and effects of a 12-week intervention combining aerobic and strength exercises in prison inmates with psychiatric disorders. Design: Two parallel-group, randomized controlled trials. Setting: A psychiatric prison hospital. Subjects: Forty-one men prison inmates (mean age ± SD = 38.2 ± 9.2 years, mean prison duration ± SD = 2.6 ± 2.5 years) with psychiatric disorders (primarily personality disorder, n = 27; mean illness duration ± SD = 12.0 ± 10.5 years). Interventions: Participants were randomly allocated to intervention group consisted of exercise plus usual care (n = 21) or control group which received usual care (n = 20) for 12¿weeks. The exercise programme included three weekly sessions of group-based moderate-to-high intensity combined exercises designed and supervised by exercise professionals. Main measures: Fitness and anthropometric measures were assessed using field-based tests (6-minute walk, Incremental Shuttle Walk, Arm-Curl, and Chair-Stand), handgrip dynamometry, bioelectrical impedance, and waist and hip circumferences. Results: There were no adverse events, and 10 intervention participants withdrew. The remaining 11 participants attended a mean of 28 sessions, of which nine met the compliance criteria. Between-group change differences substantially favoured the compliance intervention group for the 6-minute walk (+21.2%), Incremental Shuttle Walk (+33.9%), Arm-Curl (+13.8%), waist (¿3.5%), waist/height0.5 (¿1.7%) (¿2.7%), waist/hip (¿3.4%), and Body Shape Index (¿3.3%) (¿3.5%). Additional analysis showed beneficial effects of exercise participation on handgrip strength. Conclusion: The intervention was safe, had a high dropout rate, and seemed to be effective for improving fitness and anthropometric measures in men prison inmates with psychiatric disorders who attended and participated in the exercise sessions.Universidad Pablo de Olavide de Sevilla. Departamento de Deporte e InformáticaPostprin